Qt实现的可视化学生管理系统连网界面（登录，注册，数据显示）

这里我是一步一步写的，写注册和登录的时候并没有考虑到用结构体，导致后续比较麻烦，所以用了三个端口分别处理登录，注册和登录成功后发送数据。读者在使用代码前要在桌面前放一个pic.png的背景图。代码中的图片路径也要修改，我的桌面路径实在D盘的，根据自己电脑的情况改。

运行前需要创建表，把pro文件中加入network和sql，把代码中的客户端代码的ip改为自己用到的服务器的ip。

阐述一下代码流程：

首先先启动服务器端，客户端运行后出现下面的界面

如果用户没有id，可以点击reg注册，如果有可以直接log登录。点击reg后出现下面的界面

 这里的的name没有用到，如果读者想用的话可以在点击finish后把这项信息加入，password和它下面一行的确认密码必须输入一样的才可以点击finish发送给服务器端成功，如果不一样会提示两次输入不同

输入相同后点击finish，然后服务器端会发过来一个id号，同时将id号插入到服务器端用户数据的数据库。

 点击OK返回原来的界面，输入id，密码，点击log，程序会将id和密码打包发给服务器，如果不对：

 输入正确后：

点击表头可以排序。

在使用前需要自己先创建一个数据库。最好名字是my_stu_system_usrinfo，用户数据表是info，学生数据表是stu，不然的话和代码中名字不一样还要修改。

可以先在一个文件中执行下面代码，生成stu表

    QSqlDatabase db_stu1=QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QSQLITE");
    db_stu1.setDatabaseName("my_stu_system_usrinfo");
    db_stu1.open();
    QSqlQuery query2(db_stu1);
    query2.exec("create table stu(id int primary key,name char,age int,sex char,score int)");
    query2.exec("insert into stu values(10001,'lisi',19,'w',85)");
    query2.exec("insert into stu values(10002,'wangwu',17,'m',87)");
    query2.exec("insert into stu values(10003,'zhaoliu',21,'w',84)");
    query2.exec("insert into stu values(10004,'tianqi',16,'m',90)");
    query2.exec(QObject::tr("select * from stu"));
    while(query2.next()){
        qDebug()<<query2.value(0).toInt();
        qDebug()<<query2.value(1).toString();
        qDebug()<<query2.value(2).toInt();
        qDebug()<<query2.value(3).toString();
        qDebug()<<query2.value(4).toInt();
    }

然后执行下面代码创建info用户数据表，这是创建了一个id1000，密码0的用户。注意如果这两个代码在一个main中执行，一定要先注释上面的代码，不然会报错。

    QSqlDatabase db_stu=QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QSQLITE");
    db_stu.setDatabaseName("my_stu_system_usrinfo");
    db_stu.open();
    QSqlQuery query(db_stu);
    query.exec("create table info(id int primary key,pass char)");
    query.prepare("insert into info(id,pass)" "values(:id,:pass)");
    query.prepare("insert into info(id,pass)" "values(:id,:password)");
    query.addBindValue(1000);
    QString s="0";
    query.addBindValue(s);
    query.exec();
    query.exec(QObject::tr("select * from info"));
    int num=0;
    while(query.next()){
        num++;
        qDebug()<<query.value(0).toInt();
        qDebug()<<query.value(1).toString();
    }

注意在使用前将.pro文件中加入network和sql

服务器代码：

widget.h:

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QTcpServer>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QTextEdit>
#include <QSqlQuery>
typedef struct net_stu_info{
    char code;
    int id;
    char name[30];
    int age;
    char sex;
    int score;
}stuInfo_t;
class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
private:
    QTcpServer* server;
    QTcpSocket* socket;
    QTcpServer* server_log;
    QTcpSocket* socket_log;
    QTcpServer* server_log_succ;
    QTcpSocket* socket_log_succ;
    QTextEdit* text;
    QSqlDatabase db_info;
public:
    Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    void init();
    void init_sql();
    void init_sql_info();
    int search_num();
    void insert_usr(int id,QString password);
    int judge_log(int id,QString password);
    void send_info();
    ~Widget();
};

#endif // WIDGET_H

widget.cpp:

#include "widget.h"

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
{
    init();
    init_sql();
}

void Widget::init(){
    this->setWindowTitle("server");
    this->setFixedSize(800,600);
    this->server=new QTcpServer(this);
    this->server_log=new QTcpServer(this);
    this->server_log_succ=new QTcpServer(this);
    this->socket=new QTcpSocket(this);
    this->socket_log=new QTcpSocket(this);
    this->socket_log_succ=new QTcpSocket(this);
    this->text=new QTextEdit(this);
    text->move(100,80);
    text->resize(600,400);
    text->setReadOnly(1);
    connect(server,&QTcpServer::newConnection,[=](){
        socket=server->nextPendingConnection();
        text->append("客户连接...");
        connect(socket,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,[=](){
            QString recvmsg=socket->readAll();
            text->append("客户端发送："+recvmsg);
            int id=search_num();
            insert_usr(id,recvmsg);
            QString id_s=QString::number(id,10);
            socket->write(id_s.toUtf8());
        });
        connect(socket,&QTcpSocket::disconnected,[=](){
            text->append("客户端断开连接...");
            socket->deleteLater();
        });
    });
    connect(server_log,&QTcpServer::newConnection,[=](){
        socket_log=server_log->nextPendingConnection();
        text->append("客户尝试登陆...");
        connect(socket_log,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,[=](){
            QString recvmsg=socket_log->readAll();
            text->append("客户端发送："+recvmsg);
            QStringList list=recvmsg.split("?p=");
            int id=list[0].toInt();
            QString password=list[1].toLatin1().data();
            int ret=judge_log(id,password);
            QString str;
            if(!ret){
                str="OK";
            }else{
                str="NO";
            }
            qDebug()<<recvmsg.toUtf8();
            socket_log->write(str.toUtf8());
        });
        connect(socket_log,&QTcpSocket::disconnected,[=](){
            text->append("客户端断开登录...");
            socket_log->deleteLater();
        });
    });

    connect(server_log_succ,&QTcpServer::newConnection,[=](){
        socket_log_succ=server_log_succ->nextPendingConnection();
        text->append("客户登录...");
        send_info();
        connect(socket_log_succ,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,[=](){
            QString recvmsg=socket_log_succ->readAll();
            text->append("客户端发送："+recvmsg);
        });
        connect(socket_log_succ,&QTcpSocket::disconnected,[=](){
            text->append("客户端退出...");
            socket_log_succ->deleteLater();
        });
    });

    unsigned int port_log=7777;
    server_log->listen(QHostAddress::Any,port_log);
    unsigned int port=9999;
    server->listen(QHostAddress::Any,port);
    unsigned int port_log_succ=6666;
    server_log_succ->listen(QHostAddress::Any,port_log_succ);


}

void Widget::send_info(){
    QSqlQuery query(db_info);
    query.exec(QObject::tr("select * from stu"));
    stuInfo_t stu;
    while(query.next()){
        memset(&stu,0,sizeof(stuInfo_t));
        stu.id=query.value(0).toInt();
        QByteArray array_name=query.value(1).toString().toLatin1();
        memcpy(&stu.name,array_name.data(),array_name.length());
        stu.age=query.value(2).toInt();
        QByteArray array_sex=query.value(3).toString().toLatin1();
        memcpy(&stu.sex,array_sex.data(),1);
        stu.score=query.value(4).toInt();
        QByteArray array;
        array.resize(sizeof(stuInfo_t));
        memcpy(array.data(),&stu,sizeof(stuInfo_t));
        socket_log_succ->write(array);

    }
}
void Widget::init_sql(){
    QString error="open error";
    db_info=QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QSQLITE");
    db_info.setDatabaseName("my_stu_system_usrinfo");
    if(!db_info.open())
        throw error;
}

int Widget::search_num(){
    QSqlQuery query(db_info);
    int num=0;
    query.exec(QObject::tr("select * from info"));
    while(query.next()){
        num++;
        qDebug()<<query.value(0).toInt();
        qDebug()<<query.value(1).toString();
    }
    return num+1000;
}

int Widget::judge_log(int id,QString password){
    QSqlQuery query(db_info);
    query.prepare("select * from info where pass=? and id=?");
    query.addBindValue(password);
    query.addBindValue(id);
    query.exec();
    if(!query.next()){
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

void Widget::insert_usr(int id,QString password){
    QSqlQuery query(db_info);
    query.prepare("insert into info(id,pass)""values(:id,:password)");
    query.addBindValue(id);
    query.addBindValue(password);
    query.exec();
    search_num();
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
}

main.cpp:

#include "widget.h"

#include <QApplication>
#include <QSqlQuery>
#include <QDebug>


int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Widget w;

    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}

客户端代码：

log_dialog.h:

#ifndef LOG_DIALOG_H
#define LOG_DIALOG_H

#include <QDialog>
#include <QTableView>
#include <QStandardItemModel>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QGridLayout>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QSqlQuery>
typedef struct net_stu_info{
    char code;
    int id;
    char name[30];
    int age;
    char sex;
    int score;
}stuInfo_t;
class log_interface : public QDialog
{
    Q_OBJECT
private:
    int id=0;
    QStandardItemModel* model;
    QTableView* view;
    QVBoxLayout* vlayout;
    QTcpSocket* socket;
public:
    explicit log_interface(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    void setid(int id);
    void init();
    void create_row(stuInfo_t* stu);
signals:
    void chou();
};

#endif // LOG_DIALOG_H

reg_interface.h:

#ifndef REG_INTERFACE_H
#define REG_INTERFACE_H

#include <QDialog>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QSqlQuery>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QHostAddress>
class reg_interface : public QDialog
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit reg_interface(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    void init_q();
signals:
    void reg_fin_signals();
    void reg_cancel_signals();
private:
    QPushButton* fin_btn;
    QPushButton* cancel_btn;
    QLabel* cre_name;
    QLabel* fir_password;
    QLabel* confirm_password;
    QLineEdit* cre_name_line;
    QLineEdit* fir_password_line;
    QLineEdit* confirm_password_line;
    QTcpSocket* socket;
};

#endif // REG_INTERFACE_H

widget.h:

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QPushButton>
#include "reg_interface.h"
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include "log_dialog.h"

class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~Widget();
public slots:
    void show_reg_interface();
private:
    QLabel* usrname;
    QLabel* password;
    QLineEdit* usrnameline;
    QLineEdit* passwordline;
    QPushButton* reg_btn;
    QPushButton* log_btn;
    reg_interface* reg_dialog;
    QTcpSocket* socket;
    log_interface* log_dialog;
};
#endif // WIDGET_H

log_dialog.cpp:

#include "log_dialog.h"

log_interface::log_interface(QWidget *parent) : QDialog(parent)
{
    init();
}
void log_interface::setid(int id){
    this->id=id;
}
void log_interface::init(){
    QPalette p = this->palette();
    p.setBrush(QPalette::Window,QBrush(QPixmap("D:/UserData/Desktop/pic.png")));
    this->setPalette(p);
    this->setWindowTitle("stu system");
    this->setFixedSize(1024,768);
    model=new QStandardItemModel(this);
    view=new QTableView(this);
    this->socket=new QTcpSocket(this);
    QString ip="192.168.70.90";
    unsigned int port=6666;
    this->socket->connectToHost(ip,port);

    vlayout=new QVBoxLayout(this);
    model->setColumnCount(5);
    model->setHeaderData(0,Qt::Horizontal,QStringLiteral("学号"));
    model->setHeaderData(1,Qt::Horizontal,QStringLiteral("姓名"));
    model->setHeaderData(2,Qt::Horizontal,QStringLiteral("年龄"));
    model->setHeaderData(3,Qt::Horizontal,QStringLiteral("性别"));
    model->setHeaderData(4,Qt::Horizontal,QStringLiteral("分数"));
    view->setModel(model);
    connect(socket,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,[=](){
        QByteArray array=socket->read(sizeof(stuInfo_t));
        array.resize(sizeof(stuInfo_t));
        stuInfo_t stu;
        while(!array.isEmpty()){
            array.resize(sizeof(stuInfo_t));
            memset(&stu,0,sizeof(stuInfo_t));
            memcpy(&stu,array,sizeof(stuInfo_t));
            create_row(&stu);
            array=socket->read(sizeof(stuInfo_t));
        }
    });
    view->setModel(model);
    view->setSortingEnabled(true);
    view->setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView::NoEditTriggers);
    vlayout->addWidget(view);


}
void log_interface::create_row(stuInfo_t *stu){
    static int row=0;
    view->setRowHeight(row,50);
    QStandardItem* item0=new QStandardItem(tr("%1").arg(stu->id));
    QStandardItem* item1=new QStandardItem(tr("%1").arg(stu->name));
    QStandardItem* item2=new QStandardItem(tr("%1").arg(stu->age));
    QStandardItem* item3=new QStandardItem(tr("%1").arg(stu->sex));
    QStandardItem* item4=new QStandardItem(tr("%1").arg(stu->score));
    model->setItem(row,0,item0);
    model->setItem(row,1,item1);
    model->setItem(row,2,item2);
    model->setItem(row,3,item3);
    model->setItem(row,4,item4);
    model->item(row,0)->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);
    model->item(row,1)->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);
    model->item(row,2)->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);
    model->item(row,3)->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);
    model->item(row,4)->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);
    row++;
    view->setModel(model);
}

reg_interface.cpp:

#include "reg_interface.h"
#include <QGridLayout>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <QHBoxLayout>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QDebug>
reg_interface::reg_interface(QWidget *parent) : QDialog(parent)
{
    this->setWindowTitle("reg");
    this->setFixedSize(300,200);
    init_q();
}
void reg_interface::init_q(){
    cre_name=new QLabel("name:",this);
    fir_password=new QLabel("password:",this);
    confirm_password=new QLabel("input again:");
    cre_name_line=new QLineEdit(this);
    fir_password_line=new QLineEdit(this);
    confirm_password_line=new QLineEdit(this);
    QPalette p = this->palette();
    p.setBrush(QPalette::Window,QBrush(QPixmap("D:/UserData/Desktop/pic.png")));
    this->setPalette(p);
    fin_btn=new QPushButton("finish",this);
    cancel_btn=new QPushButton("cancel",this);
    this->socket=new QTcpSocket(this);
    QGridLayout* uplayout=new QGridLayout;
    uplayout->addWidget(cre_name,0,0);
    uplayout->addWidget(cre_name_line,0,1);
    uplayout->addWidget(fir_password,1,0);
    uplayout->addWidget(fir_password_line,1,1);
    uplayout->addWidget(confirm_password,2,0);
    uplayout->addWidget(confirm_password_line,2,1);

    QHBoxLayout* downlayout=new QHBoxLayout;
    downlayout->addWidget(fin_btn);
    downlayout->addWidget(cancel_btn);

    QVBoxLayout* alllayout=new QVBoxLayout(this);
    alllayout->addLayout(uplayout);
    alllayout->addLayout(downlayout);

    connect(fin_btn,&QPushButton::clicked,[=](){
        if(fir_password_line->text()!=confirm_password_line->text()&&fir_password_line->text()!=nullptr){
            QMessageBox::warning(this,"提示","password diff");
        }else{
            QString ip="192.168.70.90";
            unsigned int port=9999;
            socket->connectToHost(ip,port);
            QString password=confirm_password_line->text();
            socket->write(password.toUtf8());
            connect(socket,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,[=](){
                QString id=socket->readAll();
                qDebug()<<id;
                QMessageBox::information(this,"提示","Your id:"+id);
                cre_name_line->clear();
                fir_password_line->clear();
                confirm_password_line->clear();
                socket->close();
            });
            emit reg_fin_signals();
        }
    });
    connect(cancel_btn,&QPushButton::clicked,[=](){
        emit reg_cancel_signals();
    });

}

widget.cpp:

#include "widget.h"
#include <QGridLayout>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <QHBoxLayout>
#include <QMessageBox>
Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
{
    this->setWindowTitle("my_stu_system");
    this->setFixedSize(330,230);
    QPalette p = this->palette();
    p.setBrush(QPalette::Window,QBrush(QPixmap("D:/UserData/Desktop/pic.png")));
    this->setPalette(p);

    usrname=new QLabel("id:",this);
    password=new QLabel("password:",this);
    usrnameline=new QLineEdit(this);
    passwordline=new QLineEdit(this);
    socket=new QTcpSocket(this);
    passwordline->setEchoMode(QLineEdit::Password);

    log_btn=new QPushButton("log",this);
    reg_btn=new QPushButton("reg",this);

    QGridLayout* uplayout=new QGridLayout;
    uplayout->addWidget(usrname,0,0);
    uplayout->addWidget(usrnameline,0,1);
    uplayout->addWidget(password,1,0);
    uplayout->addWidget(passwordline,1,1);

    QHBoxLayout* downlayout=new QHBoxLayout;
    downlayout->addWidget(reg_btn);
    downlayout->addWidget(log_btn);

    QVBoxLayout* alllayout=new QVBoxLayout(this);
    alllayout->addLayout(uplayout);
    alllayout->addLayout(downlayout);

    reg_dialog=new reg_interface(this);
    connect(reg_btn,&QPushButton::clicked,this,&Widget::show_reg_interface);
    connect(reg_dialog,&reg_interface::reg_fin_signals,[=](){
        this->show();
        reg_dialog->close();
    });
    connect(reg_dialog,&reg_interface::reg_cancel_signals,[=](){
        this->show();
        reg_dialog->close();
    });

    connect(log_btn,&QPushButton::clicked,this,[=](){
        QString ip="192.168.70.90";
        unsigned int port=7777;
        socket->connectToHost(ip,port);
        QString id=usrnameline->text();
        QString password="?p="+passwordline->text();
        QString info=id+password;
        socket->write(info.toUtf8());
        usrnameline->clear();
        passwordline->clear();
        connect(socket,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,[=](){
            QString msg=socket->readAll();
            qDebug()<<msg;
            socket->close();
            if(!QString::compare(msg,"OK")){
                int id_int=id.toInt();            
                log_dialog=new log_interface(this);
                log_dialog->setid(id_int);
                log_dialog->show();
                this->hide();
            }else if(!QString::compare(msg,"NO")){
                QMessageBox::warning(this,"提示"," id or password error");
            }

        });
    });
}
void Widget::show_reg_interface(){
    usrnameline->clear();
    passwordline->clear();
    reg_dialog->show();
    this->hide();
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
}

main.cpp:

#include "widget.h"

#include <QApplication>
#include <QSqlQuery>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Widget w;
    QSqlDatabase db=QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QSQLITE");
    db.setDatabaseName("my_stu_system_usrinfo");
    db.open();
    QSqlQuery query;
    query.exec(QObject::tr("create table if not exists info(id int primary key,password char)"));
    query.exec(QObject::tr("insert into info values(1000,0)"));
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}