1、Tab补全忽略大小写
编辑~/.inputrc(没有的话,就新建一个),在最后加一行:
set completion-ignore-case on
#历史记录
"\e[A": history-search-backward
"\e[B": history-search-forward
2、yum源配置
#备份:cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak
#下载:wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
#替换:mv CentOS7-Base-163.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
yum clean all //清除缓存
yum makecache //将服务器上的软件包信息缓存到本地,以提高搜索安装软件的速度
yum update //更新系统
附#编译环境安装
yum -y install gcc make glibc-devel ncurses-devel openssl-devel xmlto kernel-devel perl perl-devel perl-Data-Dumper
3、CentOS7之后的firewall替换成防火墙iptables
①、关闭firewall:
#停止firewall服务:systemctl stop firewalld.service
#禁止firewall开机启动:systemctl disable firewalld.service
②、安装iptables防火墙
#安装:yum install iptables-services
#编辑防火墙配置文件:vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables (这里以开启80端口和3306端口为例)
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
#保存退出::wq!
#最后重启防火墙使配置生效:systemctl restart iptables.service
#设置防火墙开机启动:systemctl enable iptables.service
4、关闭SELINUX
(查看:getenforce 临时修改:setenforce 0)
#修改配置文件:vi /etc/selinux/config
#注释掉:
#SELINUX=enforcing
#SELINUXTYPE=targeted
#增加:SELINUX=disabled
#保存退出::wq!
#使配置立即生效:setenforce 0
5、Apache安装
#安装:yum -y install httpd
#设置apache开机启动:systemctl enable httpd.service
#启动apache:systemctl start httpd.service
#停止apache:systemctl stop httpd.service
#重启apache:systemctl restart httpd.service
6、数据库Mariadb安装(Mysql在后面)
#安装:yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb
mariadb数据库的相关命令:
#启动MariaDB:systemctl start mariadb
#停止MariaDB:systemctl stop mariadb
#重启MariaDB:systemctl restart mariadb
#设置开机启动:systemctl enable mariadb
#登录>
mysql -u root
①设置root密码
set password for 'root'@'localhost' =password('password');
②新建用户
create user 'username'@'%' identified by 'password';
③授权
grant all privileges on *.* to 'username'@'%' identified by 'password';
本地登录授权
grant all privileges on *.* to 'username'@'localhost' identified by 'password';
7、php安装
#安装:yum -y install php php-mysql
#一些的扩展的安装:
yum -y install php-pdo php-pdo_mysql php-json php-filter php-openssl php-mbstring php-zlib php-curl php-gd php-iconv
8、mysql安装
①下载安装包mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar(可前往官网自行下载:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/)
②卸载系统自带的Mariadb
rpm -qa|grep mariadb // 查询出来已安装的mariadb
rpm -e --nodeps 文件名 // 卸载mariadb,文件名为上述命令查询出来的文件
删除etc目录下的my.cnf
rm /etc/my.cnf
③创建用户组
groupadd mysql
创建用户
useradd -g mysql mysql
④解压安装包
tar -xvf mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar 或者
tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
解压的文件夹重命名为mysql
mv 解压出来的文件夹名 mysql
⑤修改配置文件
copy一份/usr/local/mysql/support-files/下的my-default.cnf文件到/etc下命名为my.cnf
大概修改为如下
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
port=3306
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5/data/db_0
character-set-server=utf8mb4
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
⑥运行安装脚本mysql目录下执行(对应版本,命令不同)
当前版本mysql最上层目录执行./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql # MySQL 5.6.34
bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql # MySQL 5.7.5
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql # MySQL 5.7.6 and up
bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup # MySQL 5.7.6 and up
#复制服务启动到开机启动目录下:cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
⑦socket目录找不到(这个问题不一定会出现)
mkdir /var/lib/mysql
chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql
⑧登录密码问题
>mysql登录错误
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)'
>修改密码处理方案之一
①停止服务 /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
②mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
③输入 mysql -uroot -p 回车进入
>use mysql;
>update user set password=PASSWORD("newpass")where user="root";
更改密码为 newpassord
> flush privileges; 更新权限
> quit 退出
④/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
⑤mysql -uroot -p新密码进入
>登陆成功改密码以及创建新用户
update user set password=PASSWORD("rootpass") where user="root";
create user 'username'@'%' identified by 'userpass';
grant all on *.* to 'username'@'%' identified by 'userpass';
flush privileges;
9、添加环境变量
①vi /etc/profile
②shift+g跳到最后一行o, 新增一行内容类似:
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
③source /etc/profile 生效