场景:
1. 在做图片处理时,比如放大后或加特效后需要保存CBitmap(HBITMAP)到文件.
2.截取屏幕内容到文件时.
3.不需要加入第3方库时.
说明: 这段代码部分来自网上,第一次学atl/wtl,gdi不是很熟悉,以后转换为wtl版本吧。当然wtl项目直接用也没问题. 现在想想wxWidgets的wxImage类对这类操作方便多了。只需要调用一个SaveFile方法。
保存HBITMAP到文件:
static bool SaveBitmapToFile(CBitmap& bitmap, LPWSTR lpFileName)
{
HBITMAP hBitmap; // 为刚才的屏幕位图句柄
HDC hDC; //设备描述表
int iBits; //当前显示分辨率下每个像素所占字节数
WORD wBitCount; //位图中每个像素所占字节数
DWORD dwPaletteSize = 0, //定义调色板大小
dwBmBitsSize, //位图中像素字节大小
dwDIBSize, //位图文件大小
dwWritten; //写入文件字节数
BITMAP Bitmap; //位图属性结构
BITMAPFILEHEADER bmfHdr; //位图文件头结构
BITMAPINFOHEADER bi; //位图信息头结构
LPBITMAPINFOHEADER lpbi; //指向位图信息头结构
HANDLE fh, //定义文件
hDib, //分配内存句柄
hPal, //调色板句柄
hOldPal = NULL;
//计算位图文件每个像素所占字节数
hBitmap = bitmap;
hDC = CreateDC(L"DISPLAY",NULL,NULL,NULL);
iBits = GetDeviceCaps(hDC, BITSPIXEL) * GetDeviceCaps(hDC, PLANES);
DeleteDC(hDC);
if (iBits <= 1)
wBitCount = 1;
else if (iBits <= 4)
wBitCount = 4;
else if (iBits <= 8)
wBitCount = 8;
else if (iBits <= 24)
wBitCount = 24;
else if (iBits <= 32)
wBitCount = 32;
//计算调色板大小
if (wBitCount <= 8)
dwPaletteSize = (1 << wBitCount) * sizeof (RGBQUAD);
//设置位图信息头结构
GetObject(hBitmap, sizeof (BITMAP), (LPSTR)&Bitmap);
bi.biSize = sizeof (BITMAPINFOHEADER);
bi.biWidth = Bitmap.bmWidth;
bi.biHeight = Bitmap.bmHeight;
bi.biPlanes = 1;
bi.biBitCount = wBitCount;
bi.biCompression = BI_RGB;
bi.biSizeImage = 0;
bi.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;
bi.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;
bi.biClrUsed = 0;
bi.biClrImportant = 0;
dwBmBitsSize = ((Bitmap.bmWidth * wBitCount+31) / 32) * 4 * Bitmap.bmHeight;
//为位图内容分配内存
hDib = GlobalAlloc(GHND, dwBmBitsSize + dwPaletteSize + sizeof (BITMAPINFOHEADER));
lpbi = (LPBITMAPINFOHEADER)GlobalLock(hDib);
*lpbi = bi;
// 处理调色板
hPal = GetStockObject(DEFAULT_PALETTE);
if (hPal)
{
hDC = ::GetDC(NULL);
hOldPal = ::SelectPalette(hDC, (HPALETTE)hPal, FALSE);
RealizePalette(hDC);
}
// 获取该调色板下新的像素值
GetDIBits(hDC, hBitmap, 0, (UINT) Bitmap.bmHeight,
(LPSTR)lpbi + sizeof (BITMAPINFOHEADER) + dwPaletteSize,
(LPBITMAPINFO)lpbi, DIB_RGB_COLORS);
//恢复调色板
if (hOldPal)
{
SelectPalette(hDC, (HPALETTE)hOldPal, TRUE);
RealizePalette(hDC);
::ReleaseDC(NULL, hDC);
}
//创建位图文件
fh = CreateFile(lpFileName, GENERIC_WRITE,
0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN, NULL);
if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
return FALSE;
// 设置位图文件头
bmfHdr.bfType = 0x4D42; // "BM"
dwDIBSize = sizeof (BITMAPFILEHEADER)
+ sizeof (BITMAPINFOHEADER)
+ dwPaletteSize + dwBmBitsSize;
bmfHdr.bfSize = dwDIBSize;
bmfHdr.bfReserved1 = 0;
bmfHdr.bfReserved2 = 0;
bmfHdr.bfOffBits = (DWORD)sizeof (BITMAPFILEHEADER)
+ (DWORD)sizeof (BITMAPINFOHEADER)
+ dwPaletteSize;
// 写入位图文件头
WriteFile(fh, (LPSTR)&bmfHdr, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), &dwWritten, NULL);
// 写入位图文件其余内容
WriteFile(fh, (LPSTR)lpbi, dwDIBSize,
&dwWritten, NULL);
//清除
GlobalUnlock(hDib);
GlobalFree(hDib);
CloseHandle(fh);
return TRUE;
}
保存屏幕到文件:
static void SaveScreenToFile(LPCTSTR szFileName)
{
HDC hScrDC = ::GetDC(NULL);
HDC hMemDC = NULL;
BYTE *lpBitmapBits = NULL;
int nWidth = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN);
int nHeight = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN);
hMemDC = ::CreateCompatibleDC(hScrDC);
BITMAPINFO bi;
ZeroMemory(&bi, sizeof(BITMAPINFO));
bi.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
bi.bmiHeader.biWidth = nWidth;
bi.bmiHeader.biHeight = nHeight;
bi.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1;
bi.bmiHeader.biBitCount = 24;
HBITMAP bitmap = ::CreateDIBSection(hMemDC, &bi, DIB_RGB_COLORS, (LPVOID*)&lpBitmapBits, NULL, 0);
HGDIOBJ oldbmp = ::SelectObject(hMemDC, bitmap);
::BitBlt(hMemDC, 0, 0, nWidth, nHeight, hScrDC, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);
BITMAPFILEHEADER bh;
ZeroMemory(&bh, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER));
bh.bfType = 0x4d42; //bitmap
bh.bfOffBits = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
bh.bfSize = bh.bfOffBits + ((nWidth*nHeight)*3);
FILE* file = _wfopen(szFileName,L"wb");
if(file)
{
fwrite(&bh,1,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),file);
fwrite(&(bi.bmiHeader),1,sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER),file);
fwrite(lpBitmapBits,1,3 * nWidth * nHeight,file);
fclose(file);
}
::SelectObject(hMemDC, oldbmp);
::DeleteObject(bitmap);
::DeleteObject(hMemDC);
::ReleaseDC(NULL, hScrDC);
}