PDO::__construct(): The server requested authentication method unknown ... [caching_sha2_password]

新项目采用MySQL8.0开发，对接数据库时出现以下异常

[root@xxx dir]# php artisan migrate

   Illuminate\Database\QueryException  : SQLSTATE[HY000] [2054] The server requested authentication method unknown to the client (SQL: select * from information_schema.tables where table_schema = dbname and table_name = migrations)

  at /var/www/dir/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:664
    660|         // If an exception occurs when attempting to run a query, we'll format the error
    661|         // message to include the bindings with SQL, which will make this exception a
    662|         // lot more helpful to the developer instead of just the database's errors.
    663|         catch (Exception $e) {
  > 664|             throw new QueryException(
    665|                 $query, $this->prepareBindings($bindings), $e
    666|             );
    667|         }
    668| 

  Exception trace:

  1   PDOException::("PDO::__construct(): The server requested authentication method unknown to the client [caching_sha2_password]")
      /var/www/dir/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connectors/Connector.php:70

  2   PDO::__construct("mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=dbname", "root", "password", [])
      /var/www/dir/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connectors/Connector.php:70

  Please use the argument -v to see more details.

实际上根据不同的PHP MySQL扩展 可能出现两种实际的异常：

Warning: mysqli_connect(): The server requested authentication
method unknown to the client [caching_sha2_password]

Warning: PDO::__construct(): The server requested authentication method unknown to the client [caching_sha2_password]

研究后发现，这是因为MySQL8采用了新的密码验证方法 我们阅读MySQL8 change log看到了Oracle官方的解决方案：

Important If your MySQL installation must serve pre-8.0 clients and you encounter compatibility issues after upgrading to MySQL 8.0 or higher, the simplest way to address those issues and restore pre-8.0 compatibility is to reconfigure the server to revert to the previous default authentication plugin (mysql_native_password). For example, use these lines in the server option file:

[mysqld]
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

That setting enables pre-8.0 clients to connect to 8.0 servers until such time as the clients and connectors in use at your installation are upgraded to know about caching_sha2_password. However, the setting should be viewed as temporary, not as a long term or permanent solution, because it causes new accounts created with the setting in effect to forego the improved authentication security provided by caching_sha2_password.

大意为：如果客户端不支持新的验证方式，临时解决方案是在my.cnf中加入 default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password, 不过这个操作是临时的，请尽快解决这个问题，因为新的验证方式可以提供更好的安全性。

我们在/etc/my.cnf中加入

default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

保存后 重启mysqld

service mysqld restart

再次重试依然报同样错误。

参考 https://www.cnblogs.com/yhqvod/p/8930980.html 的解决方案，创建新的MySQL用户

CREATE USER 'developer'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'developer'@'localhost';

修改项目相应数据库配置信息，执行成功。