Spring Bean创建及使用

本实验是基于Spring Bean方式进行开发，实现XML配置、注解和Java配置方式加载Bean，因此，本实验包含3个独立的小实验，分别介绍XML配置、注解和Java配置方式装载Bean。

本实验的目的是学习Spring bean的配置方式，掌握XML配置、注解和Java配置方式装载Bean的方法。

创建基础类：

       包路径：com.inspur.helloworld

       接口：Human

package com.inspur.helloworld;   /**  * Human接口  */ publicinterface Human {     publicvoid sayHello(String name); }

       类：Chinese

/**  * Chinese 实现类  */ publicclass Chinese implements Human {     publicvoid sayHello(String name) {        String helloWorld = "你好，" + name;        System.out.println(helloWorld);     } }

类：English

package com.inspur.helloworld;   import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;   /**  * English 实现类  */ publicclass English implements Human {     publicvoid sayHello(String name) {        String helloWorld = "Hello, " + name;        System.out.println(helloWorld);     } }

XML配置方式

包路径：com.inspur.helloworld.test1

第一步：创建bean的XML配置文件 bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd                      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"     >     <bean id="chinese" class="com.inspur.helloworld.Chinese">     </bean>     <bean id="english" class="com.inspur.helloworld.English">     </bean> </beans>

第二步：创建HelloWorld类：

package com.inspur.helloworld.test1;   import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;   import com.inspur.helloworld.Human;   /**  * HelloWorld 类  */ publicclass HelloWorld {         //声明ApplicationContext     privatestatic ApplicationContext context;       publicvoid dealWith(String type, String name){               //获取id为type的bean        Human human = (Human)context.getBean(type);        //调用sayHello()        human.sayHello(name);     }         publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {        //通过ClassPathXmlApplicationContext方式加载bean.xml        context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/inspur/helloworld/test1/bean.xml");        String type1 = "english";        String name1 = "zhangsan";        new HelloWorld().dealWith(type1, name1);        String type2 = "chinese";        String name2 = "张三";        new HelloWorld().dealWith(type2, name2);     }   }

第三步，执行HelloWorld类

包路径：com.inspur.helloworld.test2

第一步：创建Spring配置文件 applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd                      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"     >     <context:component-scan base-package="com.inspur.helloworld"></context:component-scan>     </beans>

       第二步，实现类增加注解@Component

       Chinese类增加注解（红色是新增的内容）：

@Component("chinese") publicclass Chinese implements Human {     publicvoid sayHello(String name) {        String helloWorld = "你好，" + name;        System.out.println(helloWorld);     } }

       English类增加注解（红色是新增的内容）：

@Component("english") publicclass English implements Human {     publicvoid sayHello(String name) {        String helloWorld = "Hello, " + name;        System.out.println(helloWorld);     } }

第三步：创建HelloWorld类

package com.inspur.helloworld.test2;   import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;   import com.inspur.helloworld.Human;   /**  * HelloWorld 类  */ publicclass HelloWorld {         //声明ApplicationContext     publicstatic ApplicationContext context;       static {        //加载Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml        context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/inspur/helloworld/test2/applicationContext.xml");     }     publicvoid dealWith(String type, String name){        //获取id为type的bean        Human human = (Human)context.getBean(type);        //调用sayHello()        human.sayHello(name);     }         publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {        String type1 = "english";        String name1 = "zhangsan";        new HelloWorld().dealWith(type1, name1);        String type2 = "chinese";        String name2 = "张三";        new HelloWorld().dealWith(type2, name2);     }   }

 

第四步，执行HelloWorld类，执行结果如下：

java配置方式

包路径：com.inspur.helloworld.test3

第一步：创建配置类AnoBean

package com.inspur.helloworld.test3;   import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;   import com.inspur.helloworld.Chinese; import com.inspur.helloworld.English;   @Configuration publicclass AnoBean {         @Bean(name="chinese")     public Chinese getChinese(){        returnnew Chinese();     }         @Bean(name="english")     public English getEnglish(){        returnnew English();     }     }

       第二步，创建HelloWorld类

package com.inspur.helloworld.test3;   import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;   import com.inspur.helloworld.Human;   /**  * HelloWorld 类  */ publicclass HelloWorld {         //声明ApplicationContext     publicstatic ApplicationContext context;       static {        //加载Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml        context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AnoBean.class);     }     publicvoid dealWith(String type, String name){        //获取id为type的bean        Human human = (Human)context.getBean(type);        //调用sayHello()        human.sayHello(name);     }         publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {        String type1 = "english";        String name1 = "zhangsan";        new HelloWorld().dealWith(type1, name1);        String type2 = "chinese";        String name2 = "张三";        new HelloWorld().dealWith(type2, name2);     }   }

第三步，执行HelloWorld类