转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/patrickchen/articles/1188920.html
当你解析XML时,是否会因为命名空间的存在而不能得偿所愿呢?
.net上的解决方法我就不多说了(.net有世界上最详细的开发文档。这是我最欣赏微软的地方)
java方面,好多人推荐用dom4j处理xml,我也就说说在dom4j上处理带命名空间的xml
先说前两个方法,是从网上看来的。(来自http://blog.csdn.net/anyoneking/)摘抄如下:
xml代码example:
<
report xmlns
=
"
http://www.eclipse.org/birt/2005/design
"
version
=
"
3.2.15
"
id
=
"
1
"
>
< list - property name = " cssStyleSheets " >
< structure >
< property name = " fileName " > D: eport.css </ property >
</ structure >
</ list - property >
</ report >
< list - property name = " cssStyleSheets " >
< structure >
< property name = " fileName " > D: eport.css </ property >
</ structure >
</ list - property >
</ report >
第一个方案.设置你的xpath的命名空间setNamespaceURIs
public
class
TransferXML {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put( " design " , " http://www.eclipse.org/birt/2005/design " );
SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
File file = new File( " D:\test.xml " );
Document document = saxReader.read(file);
XPath x = document.createXPath( " //design:list-property " );
x.setNamespaceURIs(map);
List nodelist = x.selectNodes(document);
System. out .println(nodelist.size());
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put( " design " , " http://www.eclipse.org/birt/2005/design " );
SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
File file = new File( " D:\test.xml " );
Document document = saxReader.read(file);
XPath x = document.createXPath( " //design:list-property " );
x.setNamespaceURIs(map);
List nodelist = x.selectNodes(document);
System. out .println(nodelist.size());
}
}
第二个解决方案:设置你的DocumentFactory()的命名空间 setXPathNamespaceURIs
public
class
TransferXML {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put( " design " , " http://www.eclipse.org/birt/2005/design " );
SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
File file = new File( " D:\test.xml " );
saxReader.getDocumentFactory().setXPathNamespaceURIs(map);
Document document = saxReader.read(file);
List tmp = document.selectNodes( " //design:list-property " );
System. out .println(tmp.size());
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put( " design " , " http://www.eclipse.org/birt/2005/design " );
SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
File file = new File( " D:\test.xml " );
saxReader.getDocumentFactory().setXPathNamespaceURIs(map);
Document document = saxReader.read(file);
List tmp = document.selectNodes( " //design:list-property " );
System. out .println(tmp.size());
}
}
第三种方法:本人用的,最笨也是最通用的方法,就是不使用开发环境给你提供的一系列对象,而是用XPath语法中自带的local-name() 和 namespace-uri() 指定你要使用的节点名和命名空间。
当你遇到使用xslt来样式化xml时,就知道这个笨方法的好处了:
public
class
TransferXML {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
File file = new File( " D:\test.xml " );
Document document = saxReader.read(file);
List tmp = document.selectNodes( " //*[local-name()='report' and namespace-uri()='http://www.eclipse.org/birt/2005/design']/* [local-name()='list-property'] " );
System. out .println(tmp.size());
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
File file = new File( " D:\test.xml " );
Document document = saxReader.read(file);
List tmp = document.selectNodes( " //*[local-name()='report' and namespace-uri()='http://www.eclipse.org/birt/2005/design']/* [local-name()='list-property'] " );
System. out .println(tmp.size());
}
}
自己写的实例
cameraServerAddresses.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<addresses xmlns="http://www.example.org/cameraServerAddress" >
<address>
<db>r1app.nvts.co</db>
<zh>美国东1</zh>
<en>US-East1</en>
</address>
<address>
<db>r2app.nvts.co</db>
<zh>日本1</zh>
<en>JP-1</en>
</address>
<address>
<db>r3app.nvts.co</db>
<zh>欧洲1</zh>
<en>EU-1</en>
</address>
</addresses>
解析方法:
/**
* 初始化CameraServerAddress,从xml配置文件初始化
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void initCameraServerAddresses(){
try {
Map<String,String> uris = new HashMap<String, String>();
uris.put("cameraServerAddress" , "http://www.example.org/cameraServerAddress");
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document root = reader.read(this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("cameraServerAddresses.xml"));
XPath xpath = root.createXPath("//cameraServerAddress:address"); //创建XPath
xpath.setNamespaceURIs(uris); //加入NameSpace
List<DefaultElement> nodes = xpath.selectNodes(root); //执行搜索
for (DefaultElement de : nodes) {
de.add(new Namespace("cameraServerAddress", "http://www.example.org/cameraServerAddress")); //这里也要再次加入NameSpace
Node db = de.selectSingleNode("cameraServerAddress:db");
Node zh = de.selectSingleNode("cameraServerAddress:zh");
Node en = de.selectSingleNode("cameraServerAddress:en");
NVContext.cameraServerAddresses.add(new CameraServerAddress(
db.getText(), zh.getText(), en.getText()));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("初始化CameraServerAddress失败");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}