openstack中的Host Aggregates和Availability Zones

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Host Aggregates 的机制是建立于 Availability Zones 基础之上更进一步划分 computes 节点物理资源的一种机制。

 

什么是Region

Region更像是一个地理上的概念，每个region有自己独立的endpoint，regions之间完全隔离，但是多个regions之间共享同一个keystone和dashboard，region的设计更多侧重地理位置的概念，用户可以选择离自己更近的region来部署自己的服务。

 

什么是Availability Zones

Availability Zones 通常是对 computes 节点上的资源在小的区域内进行逻辑上的分组和隔离。例如在同一个数据中心，我们可以将 Availability Zones 规划到不同的机房，或者在同一机房的几个相邻的机架，从而保障如果某个 Availability Zone 的节点发生故障（如供电系统或网络），而不影响其他的 Availability Zones 上节点运行的虚拟机，通过这种划分来提高 OpenStack 的可用性。目前 OpenStack 默认的安装是把所有的 computes 节点划分到 nova 的 Availability Zone 上，但我们可以通过对 nova.conf 文件的配置来定义不同的 Availability zones。

 

什么是Host Aggregate

host aggregate是管理员用来根据硬件资源的某一属性来对硬件进行划分的功能，只对管理员可见，主要用来给nova-scheduler通过某一属性来进行instance的调度。其主要功能就是实现根据某一属性来划分物理机，比如按照地理位置，使用固态硬盘的机器，内存超过32G的机器，根据这些指标来构成一个host group。

 

Availability Zones和Host Aggregate的关系图

(图片来源于网络)

配置

/etc/nova/nova.conf

scheduler_default_filters=AggregateInstanceExtraSpecsFilter,其他filter

 

 

openstack官方使用 host aggregate的 例子

This example configures the Compute service to enable users to request nodes that have solid-state drives (SSDs). You create a fast-io host aggregate in the nova availability zone and you add the ssd=true key-value pair to the aggregate. Then, you add the node1, and node2 compute nodes to it.

$ nova aggregate-create fast-io nova

+----+---------+-------------------+-------+----------+

| Id | Name    | Availability Zone | Hosts | Metadata |

+----+---------+-------------------+-------+----------+

| 1  | fast-io | nova              |       |          |

+----+---------+-------------------+-------+----------+

$ nova aggregate-set-metadata 1 ssd=true

+----+---------+-------------------+-------+-------------------+

| Id | Name    | Availability Zone | Hosts | Metadata          |

+----+---------+-------------------+-------+-------------------+

| 1  | fast-io | nova              | []    | {u'ssd': u'true'} |

+----+---------+-------------------+-------+-------------------+

$ nova aggregate-add-host 1 node1

+----+---------+-------------------+------------+-------------------+

| Id | Name    | Availability Zone | Hosts      | Metadata          |

+----+---------+-------------------+------------+-------------------+

| 1  | fast-io | nova              | [u'node1'] | {u'ssd': u'true'} |

+----+---------+-------------------+------------+-------------------+

$ nova aggregate-add-host 1 node2

+----+---------+-------------------+----------------------+-------------------+

| Id | Name    | Availability Zone | Hosts                | Metadata          |

+----+---------+-------------------+----------------------+-------------------+

| 1  | fast-io | nova              | [u'node1', u'node2'] | {u'ssd': u'true'} |

+----+---------+-------------------+----------------------+-------------------+

 

Use the nova flavor-create command to create the ssd.large flavor called with an ID of 6, 8 GB of RAM, 80 GB root disk, and four vCPUs.

$ nova flavor-create ssd.large 6 8192 80 4

+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+

| ID | Name      | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public |

+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+

| 6  | ssd.large | 8192      | 80   | 0         |      | 4     | 1.0         | True      |

+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+

 

Once the flavor is created, specify one or more key-value pairs that match the key-value pairs on the host aggregates with scope aggregate_instance_extra_specs. In this case, that is the aggregate_instance_extra_specs:ssd=true key-value pair. Setting a key-value pair on a flavor is done using the nova flavor-key command.

$ nova flavor-key ssd.large set aggregate_instance_extra_specs:ssd=true

 

Once it is set, you should see the extra_specs property of the ssd.large flavor populated with a key of ssd and a corresponding value of true.

$ nova flavor-show ssd.large

+----------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+

| Property                   | Value                                            |

+----------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+

| OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled   | False                                            |

| OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral  | 0                                                |

| disk                       | 80                                               |

| extra_specs                | {u'aggregate_instance_extra_specs:ssd': u'true'} |

| id                         | 6                                                |

| name                       | ssd.large                                        |

| os-flavor-access:is_public | True                                             |

| ram                        | 8192                                             |

| rxtx_factor                | 1.0                                              |

| swap                       |                                                  |

| vcpus                      | 4                                                |

+----------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+

 

Now, when a user requests an instance with the ssd.large flavor, the scheduler only considers hosts with the ssd=true key-value pair. In this example, these are node1 and node2.

 

nova实现 host aggregate的命令

# nova -h |grep aggregate

    aggregate-add-host          Add the host to the specified aggregate.

    aggregate-create            Create a new aggregate with the specified

    aggregate-delete            Delete the aggregate.

    aggregate-details           DEPRECATED, use aggregate-show instead.

    aggregate-list              Print a list of all aggregates.

    aggregate-remove-host       Remove the specified host from the specified

                                aggregate.

    aggregate-set-metadata      Update the metadata associated with the

                                aggregate.

    aggregate-show              Show details of the specified aggregate.

    aggregate-update            Update the aggregate's name and optionally

 

 

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