springboot数据访问基本操作步骤

springboot数据访问基本操作步骤

步骤一：创建一个springboot项目

配置pom.xml依赖（此阶段我没有配置web场景启动器）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.yyjc.springboot</groupId>
	<artifactId>springboot_ch007</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>springboot_ch007</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
	</properties>


	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.4.4</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>${mysql.version}</version>
			<scope> runtime</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

步骤二：在application.yaml中连接数据库

spring:

datasource:

url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
username:数据库账户名
password: 数据库账户密码
type:…数据源类型（默认为HikrariDataSource)

具体可配置的内容可通过DataSourceProperties类查看

@ConfigurationProperties(
prefix = “spring.datasource”
)
public class DataSourceProperties implements BeanClassLoaderAware, InitializingBean {
private ClassLoader classLoader;
private String name;
private boolean generateUniqueName = true;
private Class<? extends DataSource> type;
private String driverClassName;
private String url;
private String username;
private String password;
private String jndiName;
private DataSourceInitializationMode initializationMode;
private String platform;
private List schema;
private String schemaUsername;
private String schemaPassword;
private List data;
private String dataUsername;
private String dataPassword;
private boolean continueOnError;
private String separator;
private Charset sqlScriptEncoding;
private EmbeddedDatabaseConnection embeddedDatabaseConnection;
private DataSourceProperties.Xa xa;
private String uniqueName;
…}

步骤三：在测试类中执行测试的sql代码

@SpringBootTest
class SpringbootCh007ApplicationTests {
	/**
	 * jdbcTemplate是spring对jdbc的封装，目的是使JDBC更加方便使用。JdbcTemplate处理了资源的建立和释放。他帮助我们避免一些常见的错误，
	 * 	比如忘了总要关闭连接。他运行核心的JDBC工作流，如Statement的建立和执行，而我们只需要提供SQL语句和提取结果。
	 * 	在JdbcTemplate中执行SQL语句的方法大致分为3类：
	 * 	 execute：可以执行所有SQL语句，一般用于执行DDL语句。
	 * 	  update：用于执行INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE等DML语句。
	 *		queryXxx：用于DQL数据查询语句。
	 */
	@Autowired
	JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
	@Test
	void contextLoads() {
		//返回查询到的行数
		Long rows = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select count(*) from mdClient",Long.class);
		System.out.println("rows=" + rows);
	}

}