poll函数

 #include <poll.h>
int poll(struct pollfd *fds, nfds_t nfds, int timeout);

参数：

• fds：监听的文件描述符【数组】

struct pllfd {
    int fd;         待监听的文件描述符
    short events;   待监听的文件描述符对应的监听事件
    short revents;  传入时，给0; 如果满足对应事件的话，返回非0
}

• nfds：监听数组的，实际有效监听个数
• 超时时长。单位：毫秒

//server.c
#include <unistd.h>

#define SERV_PROT 8000
#define MAXLINE 80
#define OPEN_MAX 1024

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int i, J, maxi, listenfd, connfd, sockfd;
    int nread;
    ssize_t n;

    char buf[MAXLINE], str[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];  //INE_ADDRSTRLEN 16
    socklen_t clilen;
    struct pollfd client[OPEN_MAX];
    struct sockaddr_in cliaddr, seraddr;
    listenfd = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    
    int opt = 1;
    setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt));

    bzero(&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr));

    serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    serv_addr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PROT);

    Bind(listen, (struct sockaddr*)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr));
    Listen(listenfd, 128);

    client[0].fd = listenfd;  //要监听的第一个文件描述符存入client[0]
    client[0].events = POLLIN; //listen监听普通读事件

    for (i = 1; i < OPEN_NAX; ++i)
        client[i].fd = -1;  //用-1初始化client[]里剩下, 0也是文件描述符，不能用

    mxi = 0;   //client[]数组有效元素中最大元素的下标

    for ( ; ; )
    {
        nread = poll(client, maxi + 1, -1);  //阻塞监听是否有客户端连接请求
        if (client[0].revents & POLLIN) //listen有读事件就绪
        {
            clilen = sizeof(cliaddr);
            connfd = Accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr, &clilen); //接受客户端请求Accept不会阻塞
            printf("receive from %s at PORT %d\n",
                inet_ntop(AF_INET, &cliaddr.sin_addr, str, sizeof(str)),
                ntohs(cliaddr.sin_port));

            for (i = 1; i < OPEN_MAX; i++)
                if (client[i].fd < 0)
                {
                    client[i].fd = connfd; //找到client[]中空闲的位置，存放accept返回的connfd
                    break;
                }

            if (i == OPEN_MAX) //达到最大客户端
                perr_exit("too many client");


            client[i].events = POLLIN; //设置刚返回的connfd监控读事件
            if (i > maxi)
                maxi = i;  //更新client[]中最大元素下标
            if (--nread <= 0)
                continue;   //没有更多就绪事件时， 继续回到poll阻塞
        }
        for (i = 1; i < maxi; i++)
        {
            if ((sockfd = client[i].fd) < 0)
                continue;

            if (client[i].revents & POLLIN)
            {
                if (n = Read(sockfd, buf, MAXLINE)) < 0)
                {
                    if (errno == ECONNRESET) //收到RST标志
                    {
                        printf("client[%d] aborted connection\n", i);
                        Close(sockfd);
                        client[i].fd = -1;   //poll中不监控该文件描述符，直接置为-1即可，不用像select中那样移除
                    }
                    else
                        perr_exit("read error");
                }
                else if (n == 0)  //说明客户端先关闭链接
                {
                    printf("client[%d] closed connection\n", i);
                    Close(sockfd);
                    clent[i].fd = -1;
                }
                else
                {
                    for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
                        buf[j] = toupper(buf[j]);
                    Write(sockfd, buf, n);
                    if (--nread <= 0)
                        break;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}