以太坊源码分析(22)core-genesis创世区块源码分析

genesis 是创世区块的意思. 一个区块链就是从同一个创世区块开始,通过规则形成的.不同的网络有不同的创世区块, 主网络和测试网路的创世区块是不同的.

这个模块根据传入的genesis的初始值和database，来设置genesis的状态，如果不存在创世区块，那么在database里面创建它。

数据结构

    

    // Genesis specifies the header fields, state of a genesis block. It also defines hard

    // fork switch-over blocks through the chain configuration.

    // Genesis指定header的字段，起始块的状态。 它还通过配置来定义硬叉切换块。

    type Genesis struct {

        Config *params.ChainConfig `json:"config"`

        Nonce uint64 `json:"nonce"`

        Timestamp uint64 `json:"timestamp"`

        ExtraData []byte `json:"extraData"`

        GasLimit uint64 `json:"gasLimit" gencodec:"required"`

        Difficulty *big.Int `json:"difficulty" gencodec:"required"`

        Mixhash common.Hash `json:"mixHash"`

        Coinbase common.Address `json:"coinbase"`

        Alloc GenesisAlloc `json:"alloc" gencodec:"required"`

    

        // These fields are used for consensus tests. Please don't use them

        // in actual genesis blocks.

        Number uint64 `json:"number"`

        GasUsed uint64 `json:"gasUsed"`

        ParentHash common.Hash `json:"parentHash"`

    }

    

    // GenesisAlloc specifies the initial state that is part of the genesis block.

    // GenesisAlloc 指定了最开始的区块的初始状态.

    type GenesisAlloc map[common.Address]GenesisAccount

SetupGenesisBlock,

    

    // SetupGenesisBlock writes or updates the genesis block in db.

    //

    // The block that will be used is:

    //

    // genesis == nil genesis != nil

    // +------------------------------------------

    // db has no genesis | main-net default | genesis

    // db has genesis | from DB | genesis (if compatible)

    //

    // The stored chain configuration will be updated if it is compatible (i.e. does not

    // specify a fork block below the local head block). In case of a conflict, the

    // error is a *params.ConfigCompatError and the new, unwritten config is returned.

    // 如果存储的区块链配置不兼容那么会被更新(). 为了避免发生冲突,会返回一个错误,并且新的配置和原来的配置会返回.

    // The returned chain configuration is never nil.

    // genesis 如果是 testnet dev 或者是 rinkeby 模式， 那么不为nil。如果是mainnet或者是私有链接。那么为空

    func SetupGenesisBlock(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error) {

        if genesis != nil && genesis.Config == nil {

            return params.AllProtocolChanges, common.Hash{}, errGenesisNoConfig

        }

    

        // Just commit the new block if there is no stored genesis block.

        stored := GetCanonicalHash(db, 0) //获取genesis对应的区块

        if (stored == common.Hash{}) { //如果没有区块 最开始启动geth会进入这里。

            if genesis == nil {

                //如果genesis是nil 而且stored也是nil 那么使用主网络

                // 如果是test dev rinkeby 那么genesis不为空 会设置为各自的genesis

                log.Info("Writing default mai