js querySelector和getElementById通过id获取元素的区别

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-05 15:02:25 发布

iteye_11613

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-05 15:02:25 发布

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分类专栏： JS 文章标签： JavaScript ViewUI

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/iteye_11613/article/details/82605009

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代码如下:

 
<!DOCTYPE html>  
  
<html>  
  
<head>  
  
<meta charset="utf-8"/>  
  
</head>  
  
<body>  
  
<div id="02E503E2A1C011CFC85B7B701A0677EC0900000000000001"></div>  
  
<script>  
  
var str = '02E503E2A1C011CFC85B7B701A0677EC0900000000000001';  
  
function bySelector(id) {  
  
return document.querySelector('#'+id);  
  
}  
  
function byId(id) {  
  
return document.getElementById(id);  
  
}  
  
alert(bySelector(str));  
  
alert(byId(str));  
  
</script>  
  
</body>  
  
</html>

两个函数bySelector，byId分别通过querySelector和getElementById获取元素.

页面上有id为“02E503E2A1C011CFC85B7B701A0677EC0900000000000001”的元素。

结果：所有支持querySelector的浏览器中通过bySelector均获取不到（报错），但通过getElementById却可以获取。

开始怀疑是id的字符串太长的原因导致querySelector获取不到。真正原因却是querySelector按css规范实现，即css标识符也不能以数字开头。

W3 写道
In CSS, identifiers (including element names, classes, and IDs in selectors) can contain only the characters [a-zA-Z0-9] and ISO 10646 characters U+00A0 and higher, plus the hyphen (-) and the underscore (_); they cannot start with a digit, two hyphens, or a hyphen followed by a digit. Identifiers can also contain escaped characters and any ISO 10646 character as a numeric code (see next item). For instance, the identifier "B&W?" may be written as "B\&W\?" or "B\26 W\3F".

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js querySelector和getElementById通过id获取元素的区别

代码如下:&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt; &lt;html&gt; &lt;head&gt; &lt;meta charset="utf-8"/&gt; &lt;/head&gt; &lt;body&gt; &lt;div id="02E503E2A1C011CFC85B7B701A0677EC0900000000000001"&gt;
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