JdbcTemplate学习笔记

1、使用JdbcTemplate的execute()方法执行SQL语句

jdbcTemplate.execute("CREATE TABLE USER (user_id integer, name varchar(100))");

2、如果是UPDATE或INSERT,可以用update()方法。

jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES('"  
+ user.getId() + "', '"  
+ user.getName() + "', '"  
+ user.getSex() + "', '"  
+ user.getAge() + "')"); 

3、带参数的更新

jdbcTemplate.update("UPDATE USER SET name = ? WHERE user_id = ?", new Object[] {name, id}); 

jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)", new Object[] {user.getId(), user.getName(), user.getSex(), user.getAge()}); 

4、使用JdbcTemplate进行查询时，使用queryForXXX()等方法

int count = jdbcTemplate.queryForInt("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM USER"); 

String name = (String) jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("SELECT name FROM USER WHERE user_id = ?", new Object[] {id}, java.lang.String.class); 

List rows = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT * FROM USER");  

Iterator it = rows.iterator();  
while(it.hasNext()) {  
Map userMap = (Map) it.next();  
System.out.print(userMap.get("user_id") + "\t");  
System.out.print(userMap.get("name") + "\t");  
System.out.print(userMap.get("sex") + "\t");  
System.out.println(userMap.get("age") + "\t");  
}  

JdbcTemplate将我们使用的JDBC的流程封装起来，包括了异常的捕捉、SQL的执行、查询结果的转换等等。spring大量使用Template Method模式来封装固定流程的动作，XXXTemplate等类别都是基于这种方式的实现。

除了大量使用Template Method来封装一些底层的操作细节，spring也大量使用callback方式类回调相关类别的方法以提供JDBC相关类别的功能，使传统的JDBC的使用者也能清楚了解spring所提供的相关封装类别方法的使用。

JDBC的PreparedStatement

final String id = user.getId();      
final String name = user.getName();        
final String sex = user.getSex() + "";        
final int age = user.getAge();  

jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)",            
new PreparedStatementSetter() {    
public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException {    
ps.setString(1, id);  
ps.setString(2, name);  
ps.setString(3, sex);   
ps.setInt(4, age);  
}  
});

final User user = new User();      
jdbcTemplate.query("SELECT * FROM USER WHERE user_id = ?",    
new Object[] {id}, new RowCallbackHandler() {    
public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {    
user.setId(rs.getString("user_id"));  
user.setName(rs.getString("name"));  
user.setSex(rs.getString("sex").charAt(0));    
user.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));    
}  
});

class UserRowMapper implements RowMapper {  
public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int index) throws SQLException {  
User user = new User();  
user.setId(rs.getString("user_id"));      
user.setName(rs.getString("name"));    
user.setSex(rs.getString("sex").charAt(0));      
user.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));      
return user;          
}         
}  

public List findAllByRowMapperResultReader() {      
String sql = "SELECT * FROM USER";  
return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper()));  
} 

在getUser(id)里面使用UserRowMapper

public User getUser(final String id) throws DataAccessException {  
String sql = "SELECT * FROM USER WHERE user_id=?";      
final Object[] params = new Object[] { id };      
List list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, params, new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper()));      
return (User) list.get(0);      
}