11.5.1线程 同步装置之Semaphore

importjava.util.ArrayList;

importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;

importjava.util.concurrent.Executors;

importjava.util.concurrent.Semaphore;

importjava.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;

importjava.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**

*Java5.0里新增加了4个协调线程间进程的同步装置,它们分别是:Semaphore,CountDownLatch,CyclicBarrier和Exchanger

*Semaphore可以控制运行线程的个数

*Semaphore是一个用来管理资源池的工具,可以看成是个通行证,线程要想从资源池拿到资源必须先拿到通行证,如果线程暂时拿不到通告证,线程就会被阻断,进入等待状态.

*/

/**

*使用Semaphore的关键技术点如下:

*1.在构造Semaphore对象时,必须提供通行证的数目,如"newSemaphore(3)"将创建一个具有3个通行证的Semaphore对象,一旦该对象被创建,其通行证数量是不能改变的.

*2.Semaphore的acquire方法取得一个通行证,如果通行证已经发完了,当前线程将进入等待状态,直到有其他线程释放了通行证.

*3.Semaphore的release方法释放了资源池.

*/

publicclassSemaphoreTest {

/**

*模拟资源池的类

*只为池发放2个通行证,即同时只允许2个线程获得池中的资源

*/

publicstaticclassPool{

ArrayList<String>pool=null;//保存资源池中的资源

Semaphorepass=null;//通行证

Locklock=newReentrantLock();

publicPool(intsize){

//初始化资源池

pool=newArrayList<String>();

for(inti = 0; i < size; i++){

pool.add("Resource "+ i);

}

//发送2个通行证

pass=newSemaphore(2);

}

publicString get()throwsInterruptedException{

//获取通行证,只有得到通行证后才能得到资源

System.out.println("Try to get a pass...");

pass.acquire();

System.out.println("Got a pass");

returngetResource();

}

privateString getResource(){

lock.lock();

String result =pool.remove(0);

System.out.println("资源"+ result +"被取走");

lock.unlock();

returnresult;

}

publicvoidput(String resource){

//归还通行证,并那还资源

System.out.println("Released a pass");

pass.release();

releaseResource(resource);

}

privatevoidreleaseResource(String resource){

lock.lock();

System.out.println("资源"+ resource +"被归还");

pool.add(resource);

lock.unlock();

}

}

publicstaticvoidtestPool(){

//准备10个资源的资源池

finalPool aPool =newPool(10);

Runnable worker =newRunnable(){

@Override

publicvoidrun() {

String resource =null;

try{

resource = aPool.get();//取得resource

//用resource做工作

System.out.println("I finished on "+ resource);

Thread.sleep(500);

System.out.println("I finished on "+ resource);

}catch(InterruptedException ex){

}

aPool.put(resource);

}

};

//启动5个任务

ExecutorService service = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

for(inti = 0; i<5; i++){

service.submit(worker);

}

service.shutdown();

}

publicstaticvoidmain(String... args){

SemaphoreTest.testPool();

}

}