- 1.生成(Excel)Workbook对象
- 创建HSSFWorkbook对象
- 创建 HSSFSheet 对象
- 创建HSSFRow对象
- 创建HSSFCell对象
- 2.将Workbook对象写入文件
- FileOutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream("t" + "sfname"); //文件名
- ewb.write(fout);
- fout.close();
- //create new excel file and return the file's name
- public String getMyExcel(String strsql) {
- String sfname = "";
- sfname = this.getUniqueFilename();
- if (null == sfname || sfname.trim().equals("")) {
- return ""; //error:getUniqueFilename failed.
- }
- //strsql = "select aac001,aac002,aac003,aac004,aae036 from ac01 where datediff(yy,aae036,getdate()) = 0 ";
- if (null == strsql || strsql.trim().equals("")) {
- return ""; //
- }
- Connection conn = null;
- PreparedStatement pst = null;
- ResultSet rs = null;
- try {
- conn = getConnection();
- pst = conn.prepareStatement(strsql);
- rs = pst.executeQuery();
- if (null == rs) {
- return ""; //error.
- }
- boolean bHave = rs.next();
- if (!bHave) {
- return ""; //no record.
- }
- HSSFWorkbook ewb = new HSSFWorkbook();
- HSSFSheet esh = ewb.createSheet("list01");
- HSSFRow erow = null;
- HSSFCell ecell = null;
- //HSSFFont
- HSSFFont numFont = ewb.createFont();
- //font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)24);
- numFont.setFontName("Courier New");
- //song
- HSSFFont font = ewb.createFont();
- font.setFontHeightInPoints( (short) 12);
- font.setFontName("宋体");
- //font.setItalic(true);
- // Fonts are set into a style so create a new one to use.
- HSSFCellStyle style = ewb.createCellStyle();
- style.setFont(font);
- //HSSFCellStyle
- HSSFCellStyle cellNumStyle = ewb.createCellStyle();
- cellNumStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_RIGHT);
- cellNumStyle.setFont(font);
- cellNumStyle.setDataFormat(HSSFDataFormat.getBuiltinFormat("#,##0"));
- //HSSFDataFormat df = wb.createDataFormat();
- //style.setDataFormat(df.getFormat("#,##0.00"));
- HSSFCellStyle cellTxtStyle = ewb.createCellStyle();
- cellTxtStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
- cellTxtStyle.setFont(font);
- cellTxtStyle.setDataFormat(HSSFDataFormat.getBuiltinFormat("text"));
- HSSFCellStyle cellDateStyle = ewb.createCellStyle();
- cellDateStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
- cellDateStyle.setFont(font);
- cellDateStyle.setDataFormat(HSSFDataFormat.getBuiltinFormat(
- "m/d/yy h:mm"));
- int currow = 0; //当前行
- //生成列标题
- int colNum = 0; //列
- ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
- colNum = rsmd.getColumnCount();
- erow = esh.createRow(currow++); //标题行
- for (short j = 0; j < colNum; j++) {
- ecell = erow.createCell(j);
- ecell.setEncoding(HSSFCell.ENCODING_UTF_16);
- ecell.setCellValue(rsmd.getColumnName(j + 1));
- ecell.setCellStyle(cellTxtStyle);
- }
- //详细列表
- while (bHave) { //get row.
- //create row.
- erow = esh.createRow(currow);
- for (short i = 0; i < colNum; i++) {
- int dataType = rsmd.getColumnType(i + 1);
- //create cell.
- ecell = erow.createCell(i);
- ecell.setEncoding(HSSFCell.ENCODING_UTF_16);
- switch (dataType) {
- case Types.NUMERIC:
- ecell.setCellValue(rs.getDouble(i + 1));
- ecell.setCellStyle(cellNumStyle);
- break;
- case Types.CHAR:
- case Types.LONGVARCHAR:
- case Types.VARCHAR:
- ecell.setCellValue(rs.getString(i + 1));
- ecell.setCellStyle(cellTxtStyle);
- break;
- case Types.DATE:
- ecell.setCellValue(rs.getDate(i + 1));
- ecell.setCellStyle(cellDateStyle);
- break;
- case Types.TIME:
- ecell.setCellValue(rs.getTime(i + 1));
- ecell.setCellStyle(cellDateStyle);
- break;
- case Types.TIMESTAMP:
- ecell.setCellValue(rs.getTimestamp(i + 1));
- ecell.setCellStyle(cellDateStyle);
- break;
- default:
- ecell.setCellValue(rs.getString(i + 1));
- ecell.setCellStyle(cellTxtStyle);
- }
- }
- bHave = rs.next();
- currow++;
- }
- FileOutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream("t" + "sfname");
- ewb.write(fout);
- fout.close();
- }
- catch (Exception sqle) {
- //
- sqle.printStackTrace();
- return "";
- }
- finally {
- try {
- if (null != rs) {
- rs.close();
- rs = null;
- }
- if (null != pst) {
- pst.close();
- pst = null;
- }
- if (null != conn) {
- conn.close();
- conn = null;
- }
- }
- catch (Exception exx) {
- //
- }
- }
- return sfname;
- }
-
设置单元格样式
HSSFCellStyle类代表一种单元格样式。可以通过这个类来设置单元格的边框样式、背景颜色、字体、水平和垂直对齐方式等等。
HSSFCellStyle titleStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
titleStyle.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOUBLE);
titleStyle.setBorderLeft((short)1);
titleStyle.setBorderRight((short)1);
titleStyle.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOUBLE);
titleStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_ORANGE.index);
titleStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);注意:如果我们定义了一种样式,把它赋给一些单元格。然后基于新的需要,更改该样式中的某个属性,再赋给另一些单元格。那么之前单元格样式的该属性也会被同时更改。
比如我们定义了样式,设置单元格背景色为红色:
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.RED.index);
cellStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);然后把它赋给一个单元格:
HSSFCell cell1 = row.createCell((short)1);
cell1.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
然后更改样式中的背景色属性为蓝色:
cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index); 然后赋给另一个单元格:
HSSFCell cell2 = row.createCell((short)2);
cell2.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
想当然,我们预计在最终结果中cell1的背景色为红色,cell2的背景色为蓝色。但是结果是:两个单元格的背景色都变成了蓝色。
遇到这种情况,要预先定义两种不同的单元格样式。
当一个EXCEL文件同时需要很多大同小异的单元格样式时,这样一一定义很麻烦。POI HSSF提供了一个HSSFCellUtil类(在org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.contrib包),里面有几个方法可以绕过HSSFCellStyle直接设定单元格的样式,但这几个方法会抛出NestableException异常,要处理这个异常,需要引用Apache的几个Common包:
commons-beanutils.jar
commons-beanutils-bean-collections.jar
commons-beanutils-core.jar
commons-lang.jar
commons-logging-api.jar
合并单元格
HSSFSheet.addMergedRegion(new Region())方法可以合并单元格,Region()中的一个构造函数含有四个参数,分别代表起始行、起始列、结束行、结束列:
sheet.addMergedRegion(new Region(startRow,startCell,endRow,endCell))); 处理公式
HSSFCell.setCellFormula()方法用来在EXCEL单元格中写入公式。
cell = row.createCell((short)(dataFlag));
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA);
cell.setCellFormula("SUM("A1:D1")");
cell.setCellStyle(nameStyle);处理链接
在POI中往单元格中写链接,是用HYPERLINK函数搞定的。
HYPERLINK函数包含两个参数,第一个参数是指向的URL地址,第二个参数是显示字串。
cell = row.createCell((short)(dataFlag));
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA);
cell.setCellFormula("HYPERLINK('链接地址http...')");
cell.setCellStyle(linkStyle);为了使链接效果更好,我们可以给链接所在单元格定义一种样式,使链接显示为有下划线的蓝色字串:
HSSFCellStyle linkStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
linkStyle.setBorderBottom((short)1);
linkStyle.setBorderLeft((short)1);
linkStyle.setBorderRight((short)1);
linkStyle.setBorderTop((short)1);
linkStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.SKY_BLUE.index);
linkStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
font.setFontName(HSSFFont.FONT_ARIAL);
font.setUnderline((byte)1);
font.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
linkStyle.setFont(font);中文处理:
要在通过POI生成的EXCEL中正常显示中文,需要为单元格设置编码:
Java使用HSSF读取Excel表中公式列的方法cell.setEncoding(HSSFCell.ENCODING_UTF_16);
cell.setCellValue("部门");
- FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("c:/temp/test.xls");
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fis);
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
HSSFFormulaEvaluator evaluator = new HSSFFormulaEvaluator(sheet, wb);
// suppose your formula is in B3
CellReference cellReference = new CellReference("B3");
HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(cellReference.getRow());
HSSFCell cell = row.getCell(cellReference.getCol());
//设置单元格所在行
HSSFFormulaEvaluator.CellValue cellValue = evaluator.evaluate(cell);
switch (cellValue.getCellType()) {
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
System.out.println(cellValue.getBooleanValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
System.out.println(cellValue.getNumberValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
System.out.println(cellValue.getStringValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR:
break;
// CELL_TYPE_FORMULA will never happen
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:
break;
}