1 实验准备
a)物理和逻辑上检查
SQL> col file_name for a70 wrapped
SQL> select file_name,status from dba_data_files where file_id=4;
FILE_NAME STATUS
---------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_7wvsw7hg_.dbf AVAILABLE
SQL> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces where tablespace_name='USERS';
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
USERS ONLINE
b)large_pool
SQL> select * from v$sgastat where pool like '%large%';
POOL NAME BYTES
------------ -------------------------- ----------
large pool PX msg pool 902160
large pool free memory 3292144
c)NLS_DATE_FORMAT
>vim .bash_profile
>export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS'
>. .bash_profile
d)control_file_record_keep_time
SQL> show parameter control_
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_file_record_keep_time integer 7
e)清空环境
RMAN> list backup;
RMAN> list copy;
specification does not match any archive log in the recovery catalog
f)配置时间窗口为1 days
RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO recovery window of 1 days;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 1 DAYS;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN> show all;
RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 1 DAYS;
......
2 对report obsolete的影响
RMAN> backup tablespace users;
......
Finished backup at 2012-10-09:10:14:46
RMAN> backup tablespace users; //对users备份两次,当超过备份保留策略时,rman会将老的备份标志为obsolete
......
Finished backup at 2012-10-09:10:17:13
[root@think ~]# date
Tue Oct 9 10:31:03 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# date -s "Tue Oct 9 23:59:00 CST 2012"
Tue Oct 9 23:59:00 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# date
Tue Oct 9 23:59:03 CST 2012
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Oct 9 23:59:19 2012
RMAN> report obsolete;
...
no obsolete backups found
[root@think ~]# date
Tue Oct 9 10:31:03 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# date -s "Tue Oct 10 10:17:00 CST 2012"
Tue Oct 10 10:17:00 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# date
Tue Oct 10 10:17:00 CST 2012
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Oct 10 10:17:5 2012
RMAN> report obsolete;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to recovery window of 1 days
Report of obsolete backups and copies
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set 3 2012-10-09:10:14:46
Backup Piece 3 2012-10-09:10:14:46 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2012_10_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20121009T101445_87724os6_.bkp
[root@think ~]# export LANG=en_US
[root@think ~]# date
Mon Oct 15 10:28:03 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# date -s "Mon Oct 9 10:28:03 CST 2012"
Tue Oct 9 10:28:03 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# date
Tue Oct 9 10:28:06 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@think ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Oct 9 10:28:20 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1312966189)
RMAN> report obsolete;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to recovery window of 1 days
no obsolete backups found
3 对report need backup的影响
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Oct 9 11:14:16 2012
RMAN> list backup;
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
3 Full 13.09M DISK 00:00:01 2012-10-09:10:14:46
......
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
4 Full 13.09M DISK 00:00:01 2012-10-09:10:17:13
......
RMAN> report need backup;
RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to recovery window of 1 days
Report of files that must be backed up to satisfy 1 days recovery window
File Days Name
---- ----- -----------------------------------------------------
1 2658 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_7wvsw7b2_.dbf
2 2658 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_7wvsw7gf_.dbf
3 2658 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_7wvsw7bd_.dbf
5 126 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_example_7wvsxyqt_.dbf
6 122 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ts_1_7x5v2q05_.dbf
[root@think ~]# export LANG=en_US
[root@think ~]# date
Wed Oct 10 21:20:03 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# date -s "Wed Oct 11 21:20:03 CST 2012"
Thu Oct 11 21:20:03 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# date
Thu Oct 11 21:20:06 CST 2012
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Oct 11 21:20:54 2012
RMAN> report need backup;
RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to recovery window of 1 days
Report of files that must be backed up to satisfy 1 days recovery window
File Days Name
---- ----- -----------------------------------------------------
1 2660 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_7wvsw7b2_.dbf
2 2660 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_7wvsw7gf_.dbf
3 2660 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_7wvsw7bd_.dbf
4 2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_7wvsw7hg_.dbf
5 128 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_example_7wvsxyqt_.dbf
6 124 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ts_1_7x5v2q05_.dbf
那么当出现report obsolete时,会立即报告report need backup?
[root@think ~]# export LANG=en_US
[root@think ~]# date
Wed Oct 10 10:19:16 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# date -s "Tue Oct 10 10:17:00 CST 2012"
Wed Oct 10 10:17:00 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# date
Wed Oct 10 10:17:03 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@think ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 10 10:17:14 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1312966189)
RMAN> report obsolete
2> ;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to recovery window of 1 days
Report of obsolete backups and copies
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set 3 2012-10-09:10:14:46
Backup Piece 3 2012-10-09:10:14:46 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2012_10_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20121009T101445_87724os6_.bkp
RMAN> report need backup;
RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to recovery window of 1 days
Report of files that must be backed up to satisfy 1 days recovery window
File Days Name
---- ----- -----------------------------------------------------
1 2659 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_7wvsw7b2_.dbf
2 2659 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_7wvsw7gf_.dbf
3 2659 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_7wvsw7bd_.dbf
5 127 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_example_7wvsxyqt_.dbf
6 123 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ts_1_7x5v2q05_.dbf
4 对optimization的影响
备份优化与速度无关,而是针对是否对只读表空间进行备份
SQL> alter tablespace users read only;
Tablespace altered.
RMAN> CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION on;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN> backup database; //虽然users下线,而且备份优化也开了,但是第一次rman仍然会把users拿去备份
Starting backup at 2012-10-09:12:16:15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=139 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_7wvsw7b2_.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_7wvsw7bd_.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_7wvsw7hg_.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_example_7wvsxyqt_.dbf
input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ts_1_7x5v2q05_.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_7wvsw7gf_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2012-10-09:12:16:16
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2012-10-09:12:17:01
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2012_10_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20121009T121616_87798jhg_.bkp tag=TAG20121009T121616 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2012-10-09:12:17:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2012-10-09:12:17:04
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2012_10_09/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20121009T121616_87799z8h_.bkp tag=TAG20121009T121616 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 2012-10-09:12:17:04
RMAN> backup database; //第二次users就被rman自动踢掉了
Starting backup at 2012-10-09:12:17:22
using channel ORA_DISK_1
skipping datafile 4; already backed up 1 time(s)
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_7wvsw7b2_.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_7wvsw7bd_.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_example_7wvsxyqt_.dbf
input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ts_1_7x5v2q05_.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_7wvsw7gf_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2012-10-09:12:17:23
[root@think ~]# export LANG=en_US
[root@think ~]# date
Tue Oct 9 12:21:44 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# date -s "Tue Oct 10 10:21:44 CST 2012"
Wed Oct 10 10:21:44 CST 2012
[root@think ~]# date
Wed Oct 10 10:21:45 CST 2012
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 10 10:21:59 2012
RMAN> backup database;
Starting backup at 2012-10-10:10:22:11
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=145 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_7wvsw7b2_.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_7wvsw7bd_.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_7wvsw7hg_.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_example_7wvsxyqt_.dbf
input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ts_1_7x5v2q05_.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_7wvsw7gf_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2012-10-10:10:22:12
5 实验总结:
在recovery window of 1 days的假设下(此处的半天、一整天、1.5天是个大概的量):
㈠ optimization和read only下:半天
㈡ report obsolete:一整天
㈢ report need backup:1.5天