前提环境:Linux(Ubuntu8)/Windows(XP)+JDK6/J2EE5(包括JDK6)+Ant1.7+Tomcat6.0+UltraEdit/EditPlus(java、javac、ant工具配置) (这些安装和配置在本人的blog中有详细介绍的文章)
http://struts.apache.org/download.cgi#Struts206
下载Full Distribution:
* struts-2.0.11.1-all.zip (86mb) [PGP] [MD5]
并解压
问题:实现用户登录,并判断是否登录成功
解决方案:
----------------------------------------------------------
第一:手动建立项目结构(类似于MyEclipse创建Web Pro项目的后台操作)
1、新建文件夹结构如下:
Struts2t
|______WEB-INF
|_______classes
|_______src
|_______lib
2、复制Tomcat里conf文件夹里的web.xml到WEB-INF文件夹下,并修改web.xml文件
web.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5"> </web-app>
3、将刚才下载解压后Struts2下的lib文件夹里
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
freemarker-2.3.8.jar
ognl-2.6.11.jar
struts2-core-2.0.11.1.jar
xwork-2.0.4.jar
拷贝到Struts2t下lib文件夹里。
4、找到Strust2里src\apps\showcase\src\main\resources(就是解压后里面的实例)的struts.xml文件复制到Struts2t下classes文件夹下,并修改struts.xml文件
struts.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> </struts>
5、新建并手写一个build.xml(必须已经安装了Ant工具),并将build.xml放置到WEB-INF文件夹下 (MyEclipse内置了Ant)
build.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0"?> <project name="struts" basedir="." default=""> <path id="classpath"> <fileset dir="lib"> <include name="*.jar"/> </fileset> <pathelement path="."/> </path> <target name="compile" description="Compile all source code"> <javac destdir="classes" debug="true" deprecation="false" optimize="false" failοnerrοr="true"> <src path="src"/> <classpath refid="classpath"/> </javac> </target> </project>
总结:目录结构如下
Struts2t
|______WEB-INF
|_______classes
|______struts.xml
|_______src
|_______lib
|_______ commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
|_______ freemarker-2.3.8.jar
|_______ ognl-2.6.11.jar
|_______ struts2-core-2.0.11.1.jar
|_______ xwork-2.0.4.jar
|_______web.xml
|_______build.xml
----------------------------------------------------------
第二:编写核心代码
1、Struts2核心就是控制器,为Struts2添加核心Filter配置在web.xml文件中(拦截所有Web请求并由FilterDispatcher初始化)
web.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5"> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.Struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
2、编写表现层login.jsp、seccess.jsp、failure.jsp和error.jsp页面并放在与WEB-INF同一级目录下。
login.jsp文件:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GBK" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>欢迎登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="Login.action" method="post">
<table align="center">
<caption><h1>欢迎登录</h1></caption>
<tr>
<td>用户名:<input type="text" name="username" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码:<input type="password" name="password" /></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td colspan="2">
<input type="submit" value="登录" />
<input type="reset" value="重填" />
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
success.jsp文件:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GBK"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>成功</title>
</head>
<body>
您已经登录!
</body>
</html>
failure.jsp文件:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GBK"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>失败</title>
</head>
<body>
您登录失败!
</body>
</html>
error.jsp文件:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GBK"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>异常</title>
</head>
<body>
出现异常...
</body>
</html>
3、编写POJO(Action)在src下新建文件夹org,在org下新建文件夹jee(这里是建立包名),并新建接口MyAction.java和实现类LoginAction.java放置在src/org/jee文件夹下。
MyAction.java文件:
package org.jee;
interface MyAction{
public static final String SUCCESS = "success" ;
public static final String FAILURE = "failure" ;
public static final String NONE = "none" ;
public static final String ERROR = "error" ;
public static final String INPUT = "input" ;
public static final String LOGIN = "login" ;
public String execute() ;
}
LoginAction.java文件:
package org.jee;
public class LoginAction implements MyAction{
// 下面是Action内用于封装用户请求参数的连个属性
private String username ;
private String password ;
public String getUsername(){
return username ;
}
public void setUsername(String username){
this.username = username ;
}
public String getPassword(){
return password ;
}
public void setPassword(){
this.password = password ;
}
// 处理请求的execute方法
public String execute(){
try{
if (getUsername().equals("scott") && getPassword().equals("tiger")){
return "SUCCESS" ;
}
else{
return "FAILURE" ;
}
}
catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace() ;
return "ERROR" ;
}
}
}
4、在struts.xml里配置Action,修改classes文件
struts.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <!-- Struts2的Action必须放在指定的包空间下定义--> <package name="struts2t" extends="struts-default"> <-- 处理Login.action的请求,实现类为org.jee.LoginAction --> <action name="Login" class="org.jee.LoginAction"> <-- 定义处理结果和资源之间映射关系 --> <result name="ERROR">/error.jsp</result> <result name="SUCCESS">/success.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
5、将Struts2t整个文件夹拷贝到Tomcat/webapps文件夹下
总结:目录结构如下
Struts2t
|______WEB-INF
|_______classes
|______org
|_____jee
|______MyAction.java
|______LoginAction.java
|______struts.xml
|_______src
|______org
|_____jee
|______MyAction.java
|______LoginAction.java
|_______lib
|_______ commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
|_______ freemarker-2.3.8.jar
|_______ ognl-2.6.11.jar
|_______ struts2-core-2.0.11.1.jar
|_______ xwork-2.0.4.jar
|_______web.xml
|_______build.xml
|______login.jsp
|______success.jsp
|______failure.jsp
|______error.jsp
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三、测试
1、启动Tomcat6
2、http://localhost:8080/struts2 (进行测试)
3、
2008-5-27 15:48:23 org.apache.struts2.config.Settings getLocale
警告: Settings: Could not parse struts.locale setting, substituting default VM locale
解决方法:创建struts.properties这个文件,放在src目录下就可以了
struts.properties文件:
struts.locale=en_GB