概述
所有的Hadoop命令都通过bin/mapred脚本调用。在没有任何参数的情况下,运行mapred脚本将打印该命令描述。
使用:mapred [--config confdir] COMMAND
[hadoop@hadoopcluster78 bin]$ mapred
Usage: mapred [--config confdir] COMMAND
where COMMAND is one of:
pipes run a Pipes job
job manipulate MapReduce jobs
queue get information regarding JobQueues
classpath prints the class path needed for running
mapreduce subcommands
historyserver run job history servers as a standalone daemon
distcp <srcurl> <desturl> copy file or directories recursively
archive -archiveName NAME -p <parent path> <src>* <dest> create a hadoop archive
hsadmin job history server admin interface
Most commands print help when invoked w/o parameters.
用户命令
对于Hadoop集群用户很有用的命令:
archive
查看:Hadoop之命令指南
classpath
打印需要得到Hadoop的jar和所需要的lib包路径,hdfs,yarn脚本都有这个命令。
使用: mapred classpath
job
通过job命令和MapReduce任务交互。
使用:mapred job | [GENERIC_OPTIONS] | [-submit <job-file>] | [-status <job-id>] | [-counter <job-id> <group-name> <counter-name>] | [-kill <job-id>] | [-events <job-id> <from-event-#> <#-of-events>] | [-history [all] <jobOutputDir>] | [-list [all]] | [-kill-task <task-id>] | [-fail-task <task-id>] | [-set-priority <job-id> <priority>]
参数选项 | 描述 |
---|---|
-submitjob-file | 提交一个job. |
-statusjob-id | 打印map任务和reduce任务完成百分比和所有JOB的计数器。 |
-counterjob-id group-name counter-name | 打印计数器的值。 |
-killjob-id | 根据job-id杀掉指定job. |
-eventsjob-id from-event-# #-of-events | 打印给力访问内jobtracker接受到的事件细节。(使用方法见示例) |
-history [all]jobOutputDir | 打印JOB的细节,失败和杀掉原因的细节。更多的关于一个作业的细节比如:成功的任务和每个任务尝试等信息可以通过指定[all]选项查看。 |
-list [all] | 打印当前正在运行的JOB,如果加了all,则打印所有的JOB。 |
-kill-tasktask-id | Kill任务,杀掉的任务不记录失败重试的数量。 |
-fail-tasktask-id | Fail任务,杀掉的任务不记录失败重试的数量。 默认任务的尝试次数是4次超过四次则不尝试。那么如果使用fail-task命令fail同一个任务四次,这个任务将不会继续尝试,而且会导致整个JOB失败。 |
-set-priorityjob-id priority | 改变JOB的优先级。允许的优先级有:VERY_HIGH, HIGH, NORMAL, LOW, VERY_LOW |
示例:
[hadoop@hadoopcluster78 bin]$ mapred job -events job_1437364567082_0109 0 100
15/08/13 15:10:53 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at hadoopcluster79/10.0.1.79:8032
Task completion events for job_1437364567082_0109
Number of events (from 0) are: 1
SUCCEEDED attempt_1437364567082_0109_m_000016_0 http://hadoopcluster83:13562/tasklog?plaintext=true&attemptid=attempt_1437364567082_0109_m_000016_0
[hadoop@hadoopcluster78 bin]$ mapred job -kill-task attempt_1437364567082_0111_m_000000_4
15/08/13 15:51:25 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at hadoopcluster79/10.0.1.79:8032
Killed task attempt_1437364567082_0111_m_000000_4
pipes
运行pipes JOB。关于pipe,查看:Hadoop pipes编程
Hadoop pipes允许C++程序员编写mapreduce程序。它允许用户混用C++和Java的RecordReader, Mapper, Partitioner,Rducer和RecordWriter等五个组件。
Usage: mapred pipes [-conf <path>] [-jobconf <key=value>, <key=value>, ...] [-input <path>] [-output <path>] [-jar <jar file>] [-inputformat <class>] [-map <class>] [-partitioner <class>] [-reduce <class>] [-writer <class>] [-program <executable>] [-reduces <num>]
参数选项 | 描述 |
---|---|
-confpath | Job的配置文件路径。 |
-jobconfkey=value,key=value, … | 增加/重载 JOB的配置。 |
-inputpath | 输入路径 |
-outputpath | 输出路径 |
-jarjar file | JAR文件名 |
-inputformatclass | InputFormat类 |
-mapclass | Java Map 类 |
-partitionerclass | Java Partitioner |
-reduceclass | Java Reduce 类 |
-writerclass | Java RecordWriter |
-programexecutable | 可执行的URI |
-reducesnum | reduce的数量 |
queue
该命令用于交互和查看Job Queue信息。
使用: mapred queue [-list] | [-info <job-queue-name> [-showJobs]] | [-showacls]
参数选项 | 描述 |
---|---|
-list | 获取在系统配置的Job Queues列表。已经Job Queues的调度信息。 |
-infojob-queue-name[-showJobs] | 显示一个指定Job Queue的信息和它的调度信息。如果使用-showJobs选项,则显示当前正在运行的JOB列表。 |
-showacls | 显示队列名和允许当前用户对队列的相关操作。这个命令打印的命令是当前用户可以访问的。 |
[hadoop@hadoopcluster78 bin]$ mapred queue -list
15/08/13 14:25:30 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at hadoopcluster79/10.0.1.79:8032
======================
Queue Name : default
Queue State : running
Scheduling Info : Capacity: 100.0, MaximumCapacity: 100.0, CurrentCapacity: 47.5
[hadoop@hadoopcluster78 bin]$ mapred queue -info default
15/08/13 14:28:45 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at hadoopcluster79/10.0.1.79:8032
======================
Queue Name : default
Queue State : running
Scheduling Info : Capacity: 100.0, MaximumCapacity: 100.0, CurrentCapacity: 72.5
[hadoop@hadoopcluster78 bin]$ mapred queue -info default -showJobs
15/08/13 14:29:08 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at hadoopcluster79/10.0.1.79:8032
======================
Queue Name : default
Queue State : running
Scheduling Info : Capacity: 100.0, MaximumCapacity: 100.0, CurrentCapacity: 72.5
Total jobs:1
JobId State StartTime UserName Queue Priority UsedContainers RsvdContainers UsedMem RsvdMem NeededMem AM info
job_1437364567082_0107 RUNNING 1439447102615 root default NORMAL 28 0 29696M 0M 29696M http://hadoopcluster79:8088/proxy/application_1437364567082_0107/
[hadoop@hadoopcluster78 bin]$ mapred queue -showacls
15/08/13 14:31:44 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at hadoopcluster79/10.0.1.79:8032
Queue acls for user : hadoop
Queue Operations
=====================
root ADMINISTER_QUEUE,SUBMIT_APPLICATIONS
default ADMINISTER_QUEUE,SUBMIT_APPLICATIONS
管理员命令
以下是对hadoop集群超级管理员很有用的命令。
historyserver
启动JobHistoryServer服务。
使用: mapred historyserver
也可以使用sbin/mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start|stop historyserver来启动/停止JobHistoryServer。
hsadmin
运行hsadmin去执行JobHistoryServer管理命令。
Usage: mapred hsadmin [-refreshUserToGroupsMappings] | [-refreshSuperUserGroupsConfiguration] | [-refreshAdminAcls] | [-refreshLoadedJobCache] | [-refreshLogRetentionSettings] | [-refreshJobRetentionSettings] | [-getGroups [username]] | [-help [cmd]]
参数配置 | 描述 |
---|---|
-refreshUserToGroupsMappings | 刷新用户-组的对应关系。 |
-refreshSuperUserGroupsConfiguration | 刷新超级用户代理组映射 |
-refreshAdminAcls | 刷新JobHistoryServer管理的ACL |
-refreshLoadedJobCache | 刷新JobHistoryServer加载JOB的缓存 |
-refreshJobRetentionSettings | 刷新Job histroy旗舰,job cleaner被设置。 |
-refreshLogRetentionSettings | 刷新日志保留周期和日志保留的检查间隔 |
-getGroups [username] | 获取这个用户名属于哪个组 |
-help [cmd] | 帮助 |
[hadoop@hadoopcluster78 bin]$ mapred hsadmin -getGroups hadoop
hadoop : clustergroup