step :1 有如下数组
[code]
* >> name = %w{ zhangsan lisi wangwu zhaoliu galeki lyanry liulanger xiaosl tom nick bara}
* => ["zhangsan","lisi","wangwu","zhaoliu","lyanry","liulanger","xiaosl","tom","nick","bara" ]
[/code]
假如我们现在要把4个字母的名字选出来,要怎么做呢?
像其他语言一样,写个for循环,遍历每一项,如果长度为4就选出来?
ruby有更好的办法,只需要一行:
[code]
* >> name.find_all{|n| n.length == 4}
* => ["lisi", "nick", "bara"]
[/code]
find_all 方法配合后面的block,简洁明了的筛选出了符合条件的数组项。如果我们要从数组中剔除某些项,要用到 reject 方法:
[code]
* >> name.reject{|n| n.length == 4}
* => ["zhangsan", "wangwu", "zhaoliu", "galeki", "lyanry", "liulanger", "xiaosl", "tom"]
[/code]
block 中也可以复合多个条件:
[code]
* >> name.find_all{|n| n.length>3 && n.length <8 && n[0,1] == "z"}
* => ["zhaoliu"]
[/code]
以上语句从数组中筛选出长度大于3,小于8,并且首字母为z的名字,依旧简洁明了,忽略效率的因素,我们甚至可以把ruby中的数组当作数据库来查询了
[code]
* >> name = %w{ zhangsan lisi wangwu zhaoliu galeki lyanry liulanger xiaosl tom nick bara}
* => ["zhangsan","lisi","wangwu","zhaoliu","lyanry","liulanger","xiaosl","tom","nick","bara" ]
[/code]
假如我们现在要把4个字母的名字选出来,要怎么做呢?
像其他语言一样,写个for循环,遍历每一项,如果长度为4就选出来?
ruby有更好的办法,只需要一行:
[code]
* >> name.find_all{|n| n.length == 4}
* => ["lisi", "nick", "bara"]
[/code]
find_all 方法配合后面的block,简洁明了的筛选出了符合条件的数组项。如果我们要从数组中剔除某些项,要用到 reject 方法:
[code]
* >> name.reject{|n| n.length == 4}
* => ["zhangsan", "wangwu", "zhaoliu", "galeki", "lyanry", "liulanger", "xiaosl", "tom"]
[/code]
block 中也可以复合多个条件:
[code]
* >> name.find_all{|n| n.length>3 && n.length <8 && n[0,1] == "z"}
* => ["zhaoliu"]
[/code]
以上语句从数组中筛选出长度大于3,小于8,并且首字母为z的名字,依旧简洁明了,忽略效率的因素,我们甚至可以把ruby中的数组当作数据库来查询了