文件上传在web应用中非常普遍,要在jsp环境中实现文件上传功能是非常容易的,因为网上有许多用java开发的文件上传组件,本文以commons-fileupload组件为例,为jsp应用添加文件上传功能。
common-fileupload组件是apache的一个开源项目之一,可以从http://jakarta.apache.org/commons/fileupload/下载。
用该组件可实现一次上传一个或多个文件,并可限制文件大小。
下载后解压zip包,将commons-fileupload-1.0.jar复制到tomcat的webapps你的webappWEB-INFlib下,目录不存在请自建目录。
新建一个servlet: Upload.java用于文件上传:
- import java.io.*;
- import java.util.*;
- import javax.servlet.*;
- import javax.servlet.http.*;
- import org.apache.commons.fileupload.*;
- public class Upload extends HttpServlet {
- private String uploadPath = "C:upload"; // 上传文件的目录
- private String tempPath = "C:uploadtmp"; // 临时文件目录
- public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
- HttpServletResponse response)
- throws IOException, ServletException
- {
- }
- }
- 在doPost()方法中,当servlet收到浏览器发出的Post请求后,实现文件上传。以下是示例代码:
- public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
- HttpServletResponse response)
- throws IOException, ServletException
- {
- try {
- DiskFileUpload fu = new DiskFileUpload();
- // 设置最大文件尺寸,这里是4MB
- fu.setSizeMax(4194304);
- // 设置缓冲区大小,这里是4kb
- fu.setSizeThreshold(4096);
- // 设置临时目录:
- fu.setRepositoryPath(tempPath);
- // 得到所有的文件:
- List fileItems = fu.parseRequest(request);
- Iterator i = fileItems.iterator();
- // 依次处理每一个文件:
- while(i.hasNext()) {
- FileItem fi = (FileItem)i.next();
- // 获得文件名,这个文件名包括路径:
- String fileName = fi.getName();
- // 在这里可以记录用户和文件信息
- // ...
- // 写入文件,暂定文件名为a.txt,可以从fileName中提取文件名:
- fi.write(new File(uploadPath + "a.txt"));
- }
- }
- catch(Exception e) {
- // 可以跳转出错页面
- }
- }
- 如果要在配置文件中读取指定的上传文件夹,可以在init()方法中执行:
- public void init() throws ServletException {
- uploadPath = ....
- tempPath = ....
- // 文件夹不存在就自动创建:
- if(!new File(uploadPath).isDirectory())
- new File(uploadPath).mkdirs();
- if(!new File(tempPath).isDirectory())
- new File(tempPath).mkdirs();
- }
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.*;
public class Upload extends HttpServlet {
private String uploadPath = "C:upload"; // 上传文件的目录
private String tempPath = "C:uploadtmp"; // 临时文件目录
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws IOException, ServletException
{
}
}
在doPost()方法中,当servlet收到浏览器发出的Post请求后,实现文件上传。以下是示例代码:
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws IOException, ServletException
{
try {
DiskFileUpload fu = new DiskFileUpload();
// 设置最大文件尺寸,这里是4MB
fu.setSizeMax(4194304);
// 设置缓冲区大小,这里是4kb
fu.setSizeThreshold(4096);
// 设置临时目录:
fu.setRepositoryPath(tempPath);
// 得到所有的文件:
List fileItems = fu.parseRequest(request);
Iterator i = fileItems.iterator();
// 依次处理每一个文件:
while(i.hasNext()) {
FileItem fi = (FileItem)i.next();
// 获得文件名,这个文件名包括路径:
String fileName = fi.getName();
// 在这里可以记录用户和文件信息
// ...
// 写入文件,暂定文件名为a.txt,可以从fileName中提取文件名:
fi.write(new File(uploadPath + "a.txt"));
}
}
catch(Exception e) {
// 可以跳转出错页面
}
}
如果要在配置文件中读取指定的上传文件夹,可以在init()方法中执行:
public void init() throws ServletException {
uploadPath = ....
tempPath = ....
// 文件夹不存在就自动创建:
if(!new File(uploadPath).isDirectory())
new File(uploadPath).mkdirs();
if(!new File(tempPath).isDirectory())
new File(tempPath).mkdirs();
}
编译该servlet,注意要指定classpath,确保包含commons-upload-1.0.jar和tomcatcommonlibservlet-api.jar。
配置servlet,用记事本打开tomcatwebapps你的webappWEB-INFweb.xml,没有的话新建一个。
典型配置如下:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
- <!DOCTYPE web-app
- PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
- "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
- <web-app>
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>Upload</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>Upload</servlet-class>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>Upload</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/fileupload</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- </web-app>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd"> <web-app> <servlet> <servlet-name>Upload</servlet-name> <servlet-class>Upload</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Upload</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/fileupload</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
配置好servlet后,启动tomcat,写一个简单的html测试:
- <form action="fileupload" method="post"
- enctype="multipart/form-data" name="form1">
- <input type="file" name="file">
- <input type="submit" name="Submit" value="upload">
- </form>
<form action="fileupload" method="post"
enctype="multipart/form-data" name="form1">
<input type="file" name="file">
<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="upload">
</form>
下载代码很简单
- public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
- HttpServletResponse response)
- {
- String aFilePath = null; //要下载的文件路径
- String aFileName = null; //要下载的文件名
- FileInputStream in = null; //输入流
- ServletOutputStream out = null; //输出流
- try
- {
- aFilePath = getFilePath(request);
- aFileName = getFileName(request);
- response.setContentType(getContentType(aFileName) + "; charset=UTF-8");
- response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=" + aFileName);
- in = new FileInputStream(aFilePath + aFileName); //读入文件
- out = response.getOutputStream();
- out.flush();
- int aRead = 0;
- while((aRead = in.read()) != -1 & in != null)
- {
- out.write(aRead);
- }
- out.flush();
- }
- catch(Throwable e)
- {
- log.error("FileDownload doGet() IO error!",e);
- }
- finally
- {
- try
- {
- in.close();
- out.close();
- }
- catch(Throwable e)
- {
- log.error("FileDownload doGet() IO close error!",e);
- }
- }
- }
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
{
String aFilePath = null; //要下载的文件路径
String aFileName = null; //要下载的文件名
FileInputStream in = null; //输入流
ServletOutputStream out = null; //输出流
try
{
aFilePath = getFilePath(request);
aFileName = getFileName(request);
response.setContentType(getContentType(aFileName) + "; charset=UTF-8");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=" + aFileName);
in = new FileInputStream(aFilePath + aFileName); //读入文件
out = response.getOutputStream();
out.flush();
int aRead = 0;
while((aRead = in.read()) != -1 & in != null)
{
out.write(aRead);
}
out.flush();
}
catch(Throwable e)
{
log.error("FileDownload doGet() IO error!",e);
}
finally
{
try
{
in.close();
out.close();
}
catch(Throwable e)
{
log.error("FileDownload doGet() IO close error!",e);
}
}
}