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前言
在做分布式系统开发的时候,分布式锁可以说是必需的一个组件。最近做了一些调研和尝试,经过对比,基于ZooKeeper的分布式锁还是很不错的。
参照了IBM的一个帖子:https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/opensource/os-cn-zookeeper/
通过这段话,大概可以明白其原理。下面我主要写一下基于Python的分布式锁实现。
实现
Google了一下,有个叫Kazoo的python开源包很好的实现了对ZooKeeper的支持。
链接如下:https://kazoo.readthedocs.org/en/latest/
GitHub地址: https://github.com/python-zk/kazoo
首先,我们去GitHub,下载其源码包。解压缩之后,进行安装
OK,准备工作完成,一切尽在代码中:
文件名:zk_lock.py
#!/usr/bin/env python2.7
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#
# Author : yunjianfei
# E-mail : yunjianfei1987@gmail.com
# Date : 2014/12/09
# Desc :
#
import logging, os, time
from kazoo.client import KazooClient
from kazoo.client import KazooState
from kazoo.recipe.lock import Lock
class ZooKeeperLock():
def __init__(self, hosts, id_str, lock_name, logger=None, timeout=1):
self.hosts = hosts
self.id_str = id_str
self.zk_client = None
self.timeout = timeout
self.logger = logger
self.name = lock_name
self.lock_handle = None
self.create_lock()
def create_lock(self):
try:
self.zk_client = KazooClient(hosts=self.hosts, logger=self.logger, timeout=self.timeout)
self.zk_client.start(timeout=self.timeout)
except Exception, ex:
self.init_ret = False
self.err_str = "Create KazooClient failed! Exception: %s" % str(ex)
logging.error(self.err_str)
return
try:
lock_path = os.path.join("/", "locks", self.name)
self.lock_handle = Lock(self.zk_client, lock_path)
except Exception, ex:
self.init_ret = False
self.err_str = "Create lock failed! Exception: %s" % str(ex)
logging.error(self.err_str)
return
def destroy_lock(self):
#self.release()
if self.zk_client != None:
self.zk_client.stop()
self.zk_client = None
def acquire(self, blocking=True, timeout=None):
if self.lock_handle == None:
return None
try:
return self.lock_handle.acquire(blocking=blocking, timeout=timeout)
except Exception, ex:
self.err_str = "Acquire lock failed! Exception: %s" % str(ex)
logging.error(self.err_str)
return None
def release(self):
if self.lock_handle == None:
return None
return self.lock_handle.release()
def __del__(self):
self.destroy_lock()
def main():
logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
sh = logging.StreamHandler()
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s -%(module)s:%(filename)s-L%(lineno)d-%(levelname)s: %(message)s')
sh.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(sh)
zookeeper_hosts = "192.168.10.2:2181, 192.168.10.3:2181, 192.168.10.4:2181"
lock_name = "test"
lock = ZooKeeperLock(zookeeper_hosts, "myid is 1", lock_name, logger=logger)
ret = lock.acquire()
if not ret:
logging.info("Can't get lock! Ret: %s", ret)
return
logging.info("Get lock! Do something! Sleep 10 secs!")
for i in range(1, 11):
time.sleep(1)
print str(i)
lock.release()
if __name__ == "__main__":
try:
main()
except Exception, ex:
print "Ocurred Exception: %s" % str(ex)
quit()
测试的时候,只需要改一下“zookeeper_hosts ”这个参数,改为你自己的ZooKeeper的server地址即可.
将该测试文件copy到多个服务器,同时运行,就可以看到分布式锁的效果了。