在多线程开发中,总会遇到多个在不同线程中的方法操作同一个数据,这样在不同线程中操作这个数据不同的顺序
或者时机会导致各种不同的现象发生,以至于不能实现你预期的效果,不能实现一致性,这时候就可以使用
synchronized关键字对一个方法来说,这个synchronized能保证所有调用这个方法的线程只有一个正在操作这个方法,
不会出现同时多个线程进入这个方法的情况,下面我们来一个例子说明这个情况。
首先是一个Account类,这个类模拟账户,提供增加工资和减少工资的方法,当然,这个方法是被synchronized控制
package com.bird.concursey.charpet2;
public class Account {
private double balance;
public double getBalance() {
return balance;
}
public void setBalance(double balance) {
this.balance = balance;
}
public synchronized void addAmount(double amount) {
double temp = balance;
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
temp += amount;
balance = temp;
}
public synchronized void subtractAmount(double amount) {
double temp = balance;
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
temp -= amount;
balance = temp;
}
}
和保护的。
然后是两个模拟类,来模拟使用这个类来增加或者减少账户的余额
package com.bird.concursey.charpet2;
public class Bank implements Runnable {
private Account account;
public Bank(Account account) {
this.account = account;
}
@Override
public void run() {
for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
account.subtractAmount(1000);
}
}
}
package com.bird.concursey.charpet2;
public class Company implements Runnable {
private Account account;
public Company(Account account) {
this.account = account;
}
@Override
public void run() {
for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
account.addAmount(1000);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Account account = new Account();
account.setBalance(1000);
Company company = new Company(account);
Thread companyThread = new Thread(company);
Bank bank = new Bank(account);
Thread bankThread = new Thread(bank);
System.out.printf("Account : Initial Balance: %f\n",account.getBalance());
companyThread.start();
bankThread.start();
try {
companyThread.join();
bankThread.join();
System.out.printf("Account : Final Balance: %f\n",account.getBalance());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
这样无论怎么使用都能得到正确的结果