S3C2440-LCD字符显示

哈尔滨理工大学软件工程专业08-7李万鹏原创作品，转载请标明出处

http://blog.csdn.net/woshixingaaa/archive/2010/12/18/6084493.aspx

LCD字符显示有两种方式，一个是通过字模提取软件，将字符转化成一个字节型的数组，另一个是使用字库。如果字符较多的时候，直接使用字库比较方便。现在说一下中英文字符的存储结构和编码方式。中英文的字符点阵结构有4*8，8*16，16*16，24*24，32*32，48*48等结构形势，不同点阵汉字的字体又有宋体，仿宋体，黑体，楷体等之分。在计算机中，相同点阵结构和相同字体的字符存放在同一字库中。本文使用的是16*16的宋体。16*16的点阵字库中，字符的信息结构采用以行排列的形式，共有16行，每行有16个点，分别存放在两个字节内。因此每个字符共占用16*16/2=32个字节。字节的存放顺序为从左到右，从上到下。将汉字变成字符模式，使用16*16个像素表示一个汉字。在字模提取的过程中，还要注意取模的顺序，顺序不同，得到的数组就不同，一般式从左向右，从上到下。取模方式，逐行式。ASCII型字符的宽度是汉字的一半，即8。

#define rGPCCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000020) #define rGPCUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000028) #define rGPDCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000030) #define rGPDUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000038) #define rLCDCON1 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000000) #define rLCDCON2 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000004) #define rLCDCON3 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000008) #define rLCDCON4 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00000c) #define rLCDCON5 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000010) #define rLCDSADDR1 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000014) #define rLCDSADDR2 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000018) #define rLCDSADDR3 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00001c) #define rLCDINTMSK (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00005c) #define rTPAL (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000050) #define rGPGCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000060) //Port G control #define rGPGDAT (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000064) //Port G data #define rGPGUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000068) //Pull-up control G #define rLCDINTMSK (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00005c) #define rTCONSEL (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000060) //LPC3600 Control --- edited by junon //垂直同步信号的脉宽、后肩和前肩 #define VSPW 15 #define VBPD 3 #define VFPD 5 //水平同步信号的脉宽、后肩和前肩 #define HSPW 8 #define HBPD 58 #define HFPD 15 #define CLKVAL 10 #define HOZVAL 319 #define LINEVAL 239 #define PWREN 1 #define MMODE 0 #define PNRMODE 3 #define BPPMODE 13 #define INVVCLK 0 #define INVVD 0 #define INVVDEN 0 #define U32 unsigned int #define M5D(n) ((n) & 0x1fffff) #define PAGEWIDTH 320 #define OFFSIZE 0 #define LCD_XSIZE 320 #define LCD_YSIZE 240 #define SCR_XSIZE 320 #define SCR_YSIZE 240 #define INVVLINE 1 #define INVVFRAME 1 #define BPP24BL 0 #define BSWP 0 #define HWSWP 0 volatile U32 LCD_BUFFER[240][320]; unsigned char li[]={ 0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x03,0x80,0x05,0x40,0x09,0x30,0x31,0x0E,0xDF,0xE4, 0x00,0x80,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00}; //"李",0 unsigned char wan[]={ 0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x02,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x02,0x10,0x03,0xF8,0x02,0x10,0x04,0x10, 0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x08,0x10,0x08,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x20,0xE0,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x00}; //"万",1 unsigned char peng[]={ 0x00,0x10,0x77,0x20,0x55,0x7C,0x55,0x64,0x77,0x54,0x55,0x54,0x55,0x4C,0x55,0x40, 0x77,0x7E,0x55,0x02,0x55,0x02,0x55,0xFA,0x55,0x02,0xB9,0x14,0x13,0x08,0x00,0x00}; //"鹏",2 unsigned char L[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0XE0,0X40,0X40,0X40,0X40,0X40,0X40,0X40,0X40,0X42,0XFE,0X00,0X00}; //L unsigned char I[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0X7C,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X10,0X7C,0X00,0X00}; //I unsigned char N[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0XC7,0X62,0X62,0X52,0X52,0X4A,0X4A,0X4A,0X46,0X46,0XE2,0X00,0X00}; //N unsigned char U[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0XE7,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X3C,0X00,0X00}; //U unsigned char X[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0XE7,0X42,0X24,0X24,0X18,0X18,0X18,0X24,0X24,0X42,0XE7,0X00,0X00}; //X unsigned char AND[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0X30,0X48,0X48,0X48,0X50,0X6E,0XA4,0X94,0X88,0X89,0X76,0X00,0X00}; //& unsigned char A[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0X10,0X10,0X18,0X28,0X28,0X24,0X3C,0X44,0X42,0X42,0XE7,0X00,0X00}; //A unsigned char R[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0XFC,0X42,0X42,0X42,0X7C,0X48,0X48,0X44,0X44,0X42,0XE3,0X00,0X00}; //R unsigned char M[]={0X00,0X00,0X00,0XEE,0X6C,0X6C,0X6C,0X6C,0X54,0X54,0X54,0X54,0X54,0XD6,0X00,0X00}; //M void Init_LCD(){ rLCDCON1=(CLKVAL<<8)|(MMODE<<7)|(PNRMODE<<5)|(BPPMODE<<1)|0; //设置CLKVAL，VCLK=HCLK/[(CLKVAL+1)*2],决定VM的触发方式，选择显示模式和BPP模式，暂时不要开启LCD，因为还没有设置好 rLCDCON2=(VBPD<<24)|(LINEVAL<<14)|(VFPD<<6)|(VSPW); //rLCDCON2，rLCDCON3和rLCDCON4主要设置时序 rLCDCON3=(HBPD<<19)|(HOZVAL<<8)|(HFPD); rLCDCON4=(HSPW); rLCDCON5 = (BPP24BL<<12) | (INVVCLK<<10) | (INVVLINE<<9) | (INVVFRAME<<8) | (0<<7) | (INVVDEN<<6) | (PWREN<<3) |(BSWP<<1) | (HWSWP); //INVVLINE和INVVFRAME需要进行翻转，因为CPU发出的是正脉冲，LCD使用的是负脉冲，所以要改变极性，PWREN使能电源信号 rLCDSADDR1=(((U32)LCD_BUFFER>>22)<<21)|M5D((U32)LCD_BUFFER>>1); rLCDSADDR2=M5D(((U32)LCD_BUFFER+(SCR_XSIZE*SCR_YSIZE*4))>>1 ); rLCDSADDR3=PAGEWIDTH*32/16; rLCDINTMSK|=(3); rTCONSEL = 0; rGPCUP = 0x0; rGPDCON = 0xaaaaaaaa; rGPCCON = 0xaaaa02a9; rGPDUP = 0x0; rGPGUP=rGPGUP&(~(1<<4))|(1<<4); rGPGCON=rGPGCON&(~(3<<8))|(3<<8); rLCDCON1 |= 1; //使能数据输出和LCD控制信号 } void Paint_text(U32 x, U32 y, U32 color, unsigned char ch[]){ int i, j, test, s, t = 0; for(i = 0; i < 16; i++){ test = 0x80; for(j = 0; j < 16; j++){ if(j == 8){ test = 0x80; t++; } if(ch[t] & test) LCD_BUFFER[x+i][y+j] = color; test >>= 1; } t++; } } void Paint_text_8(U32 x, U32 y, U32 color, unsigned char ch[]){ int i, j, test; for(i = 0; i < 16; i++){ test = 0x80; for(j = 0; j < 8; j++){ if(test & ch[i]) LCD_BUFFER[x+i][y+j] = color; test >>= 1; } } } void Paint_background(U32 c){ unsigned int i, j; for(j = 0; j < LCD_YSIZE; j++) for(i = 0; i < LCD_XSIZE; i++) LCD_BUFFER[j][i] = c; } int LcdMain(){ Init_LCD(); Paint_background(0xFFFFFF); Paint_text(100,100,0x000000,li); Paint_text(100,116,0x000000,wan); Paint_text(100,132,0x000000,peng); Paint_text_8(116,100,0x000000,L); Paint_text_8(116,108,0x000000,I); Paint_text_8(116,116,0x000000,N); Paint_text_8(116,124,0x000000,U); Paint_text_8(116,132,0x000000,X); Paint_text_8(116,140,0x000000,AND); Paint_text_8(116,148,0x000000,A); Paint_text_8(116,156,0x000000,R); Paint_text_8(116,164,0x000000,M); while(1); }

如果使用字库，每个汉字的地址由两个字节表示。一个是区号，一个是区中的位置，即位号。16*16的点阵字库中，每个字符占32个字节，每94个字符为一个区，共87个区，其中1~15区为常用符号区（包括数字0~9及大小写英文字母），16~86为常用汉字，其排列是以汉语拼音为序，从一声到四声，第87区为生僻汉字。汉字的起始地址是0xA1A1，A1+94=255，所以一个区有94个字符。区和位的起始号都是1，数组是从0开始，所以如果想在字库中定位一个字符，（94*（qu-1）+wei）*32。如果中文字符和ASCII码混合在一样，如何区分它们呢？其实也很简单，ASCII码的最高位是0，而中文的最高位是1，因此当读取到的一个字节的最高位是0，则该字节为ASCII码，它的下一个字节与这个字节无关；当取得到的字节的最高位是1，则表示的是中文字符，并且该字节与它的下一个字节组合在一起表示完整的一个汉字。

#include "Font_Libs.h" #define rGPCCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000020) #define rGPCUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000028) #define rGPDCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000030) #define rGPDUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000038) #define rLCDCON1 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000000) #define rLCDCON2 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000004) #define rLCDCON3 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000008) #define rLCDCON4 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00000c) #define rLCDCON5 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000010) #define rLCDSADDR1 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000014) #define rLCDSADDR2 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000018) #define rLCDSADDR3 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00001c) #define rLCDINTMSK (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00005c) #define rTPAL (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000050) #define rGPGCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000060) //Port G control #define rGPGDAT (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000064) //Port G data #define rGPGUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000068) //Pull-up control G #define rLCDINTMSK (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d00005c) #define rTCONSEL (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4d000060) //LPC3600 Control --- edited by junon //垂直同步信号的脉宽、后肩和前肩 #define VSPW 15 #define VBPD 3 #define VFPD 5 //水平同步信号的脉宽、后肩和前肩 #define HSPW 8 #define HBPD 58 #define HFPD 15 #define CLKVAL 10 #define HOZVAL 319 #define LINEVAL 239 #define PWREN 1 #define MMODE 0 #define PNRMODE 3 #define BPPMODE 13 #define INVVCLK 0 #define INVVD 0 #define INVVDEN 0 #define U32 unsigned int #define M5D(n) ((n) & 0x1fffff) #define PAGEWIDTH 320 #define OFFSIZE 0 #define LCD_XSIZE 320 #define LCD_YSIZE 240 #define SCR_XSIZE 320 #define SCR_YSIZE 240 #define INVVLINE 1 #define INVVFRAME 1 #define BPP24BL 0 #define BSWP 0 #define HWSWP 0 volatile U32 LCD_BUFFER[240][320]; void Init_LCD(){ rLCDCON1=(CLKVAL<<8)|(MMODE<<7)|(PNRMODE<<5)|(BPPMODE<<1)|0; //设置CLKVAL，VCLK=HCLK/[(CLKVAL+1)*2],决定VM的触发方式，选择显示模式和BPP模式，暂时不要开启LCD，因为还没有设置好 rLCDCON2=(VBPD<<24)|(LINEVAL<<14)|(VFPD<<6)|(VSPW); //rLCDCON2，rLCDCON3和rLCDCON4主要设置时序 rLCDCON3=(HBPD<<19)|(HOZVAL<<8)|(HFPD); rLCDCON4=(HSPW); rLCDCON5 = (BPP24BL<<12) | (INVVCLK<<10) | (INVVLINE<<9) | (INVVFRAME<<8) | (0<<7) | (INVVDEN<<6) | (PWREN<<3) |(BSWP<<1) | (HWSWP); //INVVLINE和INVVFRAME需要进行翻转，因为CPU发出的是正脉冲，LCD使用的是负脉冲，所以要改变极性，PWREN使能电源信号 rLCDSADDR1=(((U32)LCD_BUFFER>>22)<<21)|M5D((U32)LCD_BUFFER>>1); rLCDSADDR2=M5D(((U32)LCD_BUFFER+(SCR_XSIZE*SCR_YSIZE*4))>>1 ); rLCDSADDR3=PAGEWIDTH*32/16; rLCDINTMSK|=(3); rTCONSEL = 0; rGPCUP = 0x0; rGPDCON = 0xaaaaaaaa; rGPCCON = 0xaaaa02a9; rGPDUP = 0x0; rGPGUP=rGPGUP&(~(1<<4))|(1<<4); rGPGCON=rGPGCON&(~(3<<8))|(3<<8); rLCDCON1 |= 1; //使能数据输出和LCD控制信号 } void Paint_text16(U32 x, U32 y, U32 color, unsigned char ch[]){ int i, j, test, t = 0; for(i = 0; i < 16; i++){ test = 0x80; for(j = 0; j < 16; j++){ if(j == 8){ test = 0x80; t++; } if(ch[t] & test) LCD_BUFFER[x+i][y+j] = color; test >>= 1; } t++; } } void Paint_Ascii(U32 x, U32 y, U32 color, unsigned char ch[]){ int i, j, test; for(i = 0; i < 16; i++){ test = 0x80; for(j = 0; j < 8; j++){ if(test & ch[i]) LCD_BUFFER[x+i][y+j] = color; test >>= 1; } } } void Paint_background(U32 c){ unsigned int i, j; for(j = 0; j < LCD_YSIZE; j++) for(i = 0; i < LCD_XSIZE; i++) LCD_BUFFER[j][i] = c; } int LcdMain(){ int qu, wei, i, test = 0x80, t; unsigned char * head; unsigned char fuck[] = "李万鹏专注于linux+arm"; Init_LCD(); Paint_background(0xFFFFFF); for(i = 0,t = 0; i < sizeof(fuck); i++){ if(test & fuck[i]){ qu = fuck[i] - 0xA0; wei = fuck[i+1] - 0xA0; head = &__HZK[((qu-1)*94+wei-1)*32]; Paint_text16(100, 100+t*16, 0x000000, head); i++; } else{ head = &__ASCII[fuck[i]*16]; Paint_Ascii(100, 100+i*8 , 0x000000, head); } t++; } while(1); }