Executors

1. 类 Executors 
此类中提供的一些方法有： 
1.1 public static ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool() 
创建一个可根据需要创建新线程的线程池，但是在以前构造的线程可用时将重用它们。对于执行很多短期异步任务的程序而言，这些线程池通常可提高程序性能。 

1.2 public static ExecutorService newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads) 
创建一个可重用固定线程数的线程池，以共享的无界队列方式来运行这些线程。 

1.3 public static ExecutorService newSingleThreadExecutor() 
创建一个使用单个 worker 线程的 Executor，以无界队列方式来运行该线程。 

这三个方法都可以配合接口ThreadFactory的实例一起使用。并且返回一个ExecutorService接口的实例。 
2. 接口 ThreadFactory 
根据需要创建新线程的对象。使用线程工厂就无需再手工编写对 new Thread 的调用了，从而允许应用程序使用特殊的线程子类、属性等等。 
此接口最简单的实现就是： 

Java代码  

1. class SimpleThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {  
2.    public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {  
3.      return new Thread(r);  
4.    }  
5.  }  

3. 接口ExecutorService 
该接口提供了管理终止的方法。 
4.创建标准线程池启动线程 
4.1 提供一个简单的实现Runnable接口的线程 
MyThread.java 

Java代码  

1. package com.zj.concurrency.executors;  
2.    
3. public class MyThread implements Runnable {  
4.     private int count = 1, number;  
5.    
6.     public MyThread(int num) {  
7.        number = num;  
8.        System.out.println("Create Thread-" + number);  
9.     }  
10.    
11.     public void run() {  
12.        while (true) {  
13.            System.out.println("Thread-" + number + " run " + count+" time(s)");  
14.            if (++count == 3)  
15.               return;  
16.        }  
17.     }  
18. }  

这个线程会打印出相应的创建和执行信息。 

4.2使用CachedThreadPool启动线程 
CachedThreadPool.java 

Java代码  

1. package com.zj.concurrency.executors;  
2. import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;  
3. import java.util.concurrent.Executors;  
4.    
5. public class CachedThreadPool {  
6.     public static void main(String[] args) {  
7.        ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();  
8.        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)  
9.            exec.execute(new MyThread(i));  
10.        exec.shutdown();  
11.     }  
12. }  

结果： 
Create Thread-0 
Create Thread-1 
Create Thread-2 
Create Thread-3 
Thread-0 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-0 run 2 time(s) 
Thread-1 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-1 run 2 time(s) 
Thread-2 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-2 run 2 time(s) 
Create Thread-4 
Thread-4 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-4 run 2 time(s) 
Thread-3 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-3 run 2 time(s) 

4.3 使用FixedThreadPool启动线程 
FixedThreadPool.java 

Java代码  

1. package com.zj.concurrency.executors;  
2. import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;  
3. import java.util.concurrent.Executors;  
4.    
5. public class FixedThreadPool {  
6.     public static void main(String[] args) {  
7.        ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);  
8.        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)  
9.            exec.execute(new MyThread(i));  
10.        exec.shutdown();  
11.     }  
12. }  

结果： 
Create Thread-0 
Create Thread-1 
Create Thread-2 
Create Thread-3 
Create Thread-4 
Thread-0 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-0 run 2 time(s) 
Thread-2 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-2 run 2 time(s) 
Thread-3 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-3 run 2 time(s) 
Thread-4 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-4 run 2 time(s) 
Thread-1 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-1 run 2 time(s) 

4.4 使用SingleThreadExecutor启动线程 
SingleThreadExecutor.java 

Java代码  

1. package com.zj.concurrency.executors;  
2. import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;  
3. import java.util.concurrent.Executors;  
4.    
5. public class SingleThreadExecutor {  
6.     public static void main(String[] args) {  
7.        ExecutorService exec = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();  
8.        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)  
9.            exec.execute(new MyThread(i));  
10.        exec.shutdown();  
11.     }  
12. }  

结果： 
Create Thread-0 
Create Thread-1 
Create Thread-2 
Create Thread-3 
Create Thread-4 
Thread-0 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-0 run 2 time(s) 
Thread-1 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-1 run 2 time(s) 
Thread-2 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-2 run 2 time(s) 
Thread-3 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-3 run 2 time(s) 
Thread-4 run 1 time(s) 
Thread-4 run 2 time(s) 
5.配合ThreadFactory接口的使用 
我们试图给线程加入daemon和priority的属性设置。 
5.1设置后台线程属性 
DaemonThreadFactory.java 

Java代码  

1. package com.zj.concurrency.executors.factory;  
2. import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;  
3.    
4. public class DaemonThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {  
5.     public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {  
6.        Thread t = new Thread(r);  
7.        t.setDaemon(true);  
8.        return t;  
9.     }  
10. }  

5.2 设置优先级属性 
最高优先级MaxPriorityThreadFactory.java 

Java代码  

1. package com.zj.concurrency.executors.factory;  
2. import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;  
3.    
4. public class MaxPriorityThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {  
5.     public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {  
6.        Thread t = new Thread(r);  
7.        t.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);  
8.        return t;  
9.     }  
10. }  

最低优先级MinPriorityThreadFactory.java 

Java代码  

1. package com.zj.concurrency.executors.factory;  
2. import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;  
3.    
4. public class MinPriorityThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {  
5.     public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {  
6.        Thread t = new Thread(r);  
7.        t.setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY);  
8.        return t;  
9.     }  
10. }  

5.3启动带有属性设置的线程 
ExecFromFactory.java 

Java代码  

1. package com.zj.concurrency.executors;  
2. import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;  
3. import java.util.concurrent.Executors;  
4. import com.zj.concurrency.executors.factory.DaemonThreadFactory;  
5. import com.zj.concurrency.executors.factory.MaxPriorityThreadFactory;  
6. import com.zj.concurrency.executors.factory.MinPriorityThreadFactory;  
7.    
8. public class ExecFromFactory {  
9.     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
10.        ExecutorService defaultExec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();  
11.        ExecutorService daemonExec = Executors  
12.               .newCachedThreadPool(new DaemonThreadFactory());  
13.        ExecutorService maxPriorityExec = Executors  
14.               .newCachedThreadPool(new MaxPriorityThreadFactory());  
15.        ExecutorService minPriorityExec = Executors  
16.               .newCachedThreadPool(new MinPriorityThreadFactory());