理解java中的mmap

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-11 09:24:38 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-11 09:24:38 发布

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文章标签： java 操作系统

jdk中的MappedByteBuffer非常类似linux中的mmap将文件映射到虚拟内存，这样可以利用操作系统自带的虚拟内存实现来

提高io效率, 很多文档中提到这一点，具体大家可以自行测试。

MappedByteBuffer有3种映射模式：

MapMode.READ_ONLY:只读映射

MapMode.READ_WRITE：读写映射

MapMode.PRIVATE：copy on write映射,一旦需要改变原有buffer，拷贝一份原来的

本文通过一种测试代码来理解MappedByteBuffer使用MapMode.READ_WRITE以及MapMode.PRIVATE，特别是MAP_MODE.PRIVATE模式

public class MMapTest { private static FileChannel channel; @BeforeClass public static void runBeforeClass() throws FileNotFoundException { String path = MMapTest.class.getResource("/test.txt").getPath(); File file = new File(path); channel = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw").getChannel(); } @AfterClass public static void runAfterClass() throws IOException { channel.close(); } @Before public void runBeforeEveryTest() throws IOException { ByteBuffer temp = ByteBuffer.allocate(100); temp.put("12345".getBytes()); temp.flip(); channel.truncate(5); channel.write(temp); } /** * * @author weip.pengw * @time 2012-3-19 下午02:53:21 * @param buffer * @throws Exception */ public static String dumpBuffer(ByteBuffer buffer) throws Exception { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); int nulls = 0; int limit = buffer.limit(); for (int i = 0; i < limit; i++) { char c = (char) buffer.get(i); if (c == '\u0000') { nulls++; continue; } if (nulls != 0) { sb.append("|[" + nulls + " nulls]|"); nulls = 0; } sb.append(c); } return sb.toString(); } /** * * @author weip.pengw * @throws Exception * @time 2012-3-19 下午02:45:28 */ @Test public void testCopyOnWrite() throws Exception { // 产生一个文件，文件跨内存页 ByteBuffer temp = ByteBuffer.allocate(100); temp.put("This is the file content".getBytes()); temp.flip(); channel.write(temp, 0); temp.clear(); temp.put("This is more file content".getBytes()); temp.flip(); channel.write(temp, 8192); // 产生两个MAPFILE MappedByteBuffer rw = channel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, channel.size()); MappedByteBuffer cow = channel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.PRIVATE, 0, channel.size()); // 测试之前 assertThat( dumpBuffer(rw), is("This is the file content|[8168 nulls]|This is more file content")); assertThat( dumpBuffer(cow), is("This is the file content|[8168 nulls]|This is more file content")); // 测试step1，修改rw前几个字节 rw.position(0); rw.put("RW".getBytes()); rw.force(); assertThat( dumpBuffer(rw), is("RWis is the file content|[8168 nulls]|This is more file content")); assertThat( dumpBuffer(cow), is("RWis is the file content|[8168 nulls]|This is more file content")); // 测试step2，修改cow前几个字节,触发copy on write cow.position(0); cow.put("COW".getBytes()); assertThat( dumpBuffer(rw), is("RWis is the file content|[8168 nulls]|This is more file content")); assertThat( dumpBuffer(cow), is("COWs is the file content|[8168 nulls]|This is more file content")); // 测试step3，修改rw的最后几个字节,cow后面的字节反应了改变 rw.position(8192); rw.put("RW".getBytes()); rw.force(); assertThat( dumpBuffer(rw), is("RWis is the file content|[8168 nulls]|RWis is more file content")); assertThat( dumpBuffer(cow), is("COWs is the file content|[8168 nulls]|RWis is more file content")); // 测试step4，修改cow的最后几个字节,再次触发copy on write cow.position(8192); cow.put("COW".getBytes()); assertThat( dumpBuffer(rw), is("RWis is the file content|[8168 nulls]|RWis is more file content")); assertThat( dumpBuffer(cow), is("COWs is the file content|[8168 nulls]|COWs is more file content")); // 测试step5，再次修改rw的前后几个字节,对cow没有了影响 rw.position(0); rw.put("RW2".getBytes()); rw.position(8192); rw.put("RW2".getBytes()); rw.force(); assertThat( dumpBuffer(rw), is("RW2s is the file content|[8168 nulls]|RW2s is more file content")); assertThat( dumpBuffer(cow), is("COWs is the file content|[8168 nulls]|COWs is more file content")); // cleanup // channel.close(); }

重点看看代码中的测试方法testCopyOnWrite

1）产生一个较大空洞文件(本文操过8k)，使得操作系统（代码在ubuntu10.04测试通过）无法在一页能映射该文件（跨内存页），这样才会有测试效果

2）将文件映射到两个MappedByteBuffer实例，一个是MapMode.READ_WRITE模式简称rw,一个是FileChannel.MapMode.PRIVATE模式简称cow

3) 测试之前，两个buff实例内容一致

4）第1步测试修改rw实例，由于没有触发copy on write,所以两个buff实例内容一致

5) 第2步测试修改cow实例的前几个字节，cow的修改只影响它本身，因为它修改的时候实际上重新拷贝了一份

6）第3步测试修改rw实例的后几个字节，居然在cow实例中能看到，之前不是说cow拷贝了一份吗？原因后面说

7）第4步测试修改cow实例的后几个字节，cow的修改只影响它本身

8）第5步测试修改rw实例的前后字节，发现都没反映在cow实例中，的确和6）有所不同。

这说明：