今天开始学习《Spring 开发指南》，按照上面的配置，运行spring的第一程序，结果发现就出现错误。主要有下面2个错误，呵呵，建议有人修改一下《Spring 开发指南》，以免后人再犯同样的错误，而且找半天还找不到解决的办法。
其一：错误现象如下：
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org
/
apache
/
commons
/
logging
/
LogFactory at org.springframework.util.ClassUtils.
<
clinit
>
(ClassUtils.java:
73
) at org.springframework.core.io.DefaultResourceLoader.
<
init
>
(DefaultResourceLoader.java:
52
) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.
<
init
>
(AbstractApplicationContext.java:
198
) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.
<
init
>
(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:
80
) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.
<
init
>
(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:
58
) at org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.
<
init
>
(FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.java:
121
) at org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.
<
init
>
(FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.java:
68
) at test.UpperActionTest.test_execte(UpperActionTest.java:
15
) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:
39
) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:
25
) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:
597
) at junit.framework.TestCase.runTest(TestCase.java:
168
) at junit.framework.TestCase.runBare(TestCase.java:
134
) at junit.framework.TestResult$
1
.protect(TestResult.java:
110
) at junit.framework.TestResult.runProtected(TestResult.java:
128
) at junit.framework.TestResult.run(TestResult.java:
113
) at junit.framework.TestCase.run(TestCase.java:
124
) at junit.framework.TestSuite.runTest(TestSuite.java:
232
) at junit.framework.TestSuite.run(TestSuite.java:
227
) at org.junit.internal.runners.OldTestClassRunner.run(OldTestClassRunner.java:
76
) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:
45
) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:
38
) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:
460
) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:
673
) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:
386
) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:
196
)
其二，错误现象如下：
org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException: Line
1
in XML document from file [E:\eclipse
-
SDK
-
3.4
\workspace\spring\bean.xml] is invalid; nested exception is org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc
-
elt.
1
: Cannot find the declaration of element
'
beans
'
. at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:
369
) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:
313
) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:
290
) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:
142
) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:
158
) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:
184
) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:
112
) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:
79
) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:
97
) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:
411
) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:
338
) at org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.
<
init
>
(FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.java:
124
) at org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.
<
init
>
(FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.java:
68
) at test.UpperActionTest.test_execte(UpperActionTest.java:
15
) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:
39
) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:
25
) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:
597
) at junit.framework.TestCase.runTest(TestCase.java:
168
) at junit.framework.TestCase.runBare(TestCase.java:
134
) at junit.framework.TestResult$
1
.protect(TestResult.java:
110
) at junit.framework.TestResult.runProtected(TestResult.java:
128
) at junit.framework.TestResult.run(TestResult.java:
113
) at junit.framework.TestCase.run(TestCase.java:
124
) at junit.framework.TestSuite.runTest(TestSuite.java:
232
) at junit.framework.TestSuite.run(TestSuite.java:
227
) at org.junit.internal.runners.OldTestClassRunner.run(OldTestClassRunner.java:
76
) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:
45
) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:
38
) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:
460
) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:
673
) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:
386
) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:
196
)Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc
-
elt.
1
: Cannot find the declaration of element
'
beans
'
. at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:
195
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:
131
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:
384
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:
318
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.handleStartElement(XMLSchemaValidator.java:
1887
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.startElement(XMLSchemaValidator.java:
685
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:
400
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl$NSContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:
626
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:
3084
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:
912
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:
645
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:
140
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:
508
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:
807
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:
737
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:
107
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.DOMParser.parse(DOMParser.java:
225
) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.DocumentBuilderImpl.parse(DocumentBuilderImpl.java:
283
) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultDocumentLoader.loadDocument(DefaultDocumentLoader.java:
78
) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:
361
) 
32
more
这个错误就是书上的错误了。问题是因为bean.xml写的有问题，书上这样
<
beans
>
<
description
>
Spring Quick Start
</
description
>
<
bean id
=
"
TheAction
"
class
=
"
com.neusoft.wang_xj.actionImpl.UpperAction
"
>
<
property name
=
"
message
"
>
<
value
>
HeLLo
</
value
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
</
beans
>
<?
xml version
=
"
1.0
"
encoding
=
"
UTF-8
"
?>
<
beans xmlns
=
"
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
"
xmlns:xsi
=
"
http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
"
xmlns:aop
=
"
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
"
xmlns:tx
=
"
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
"
xmlns:context
=
"
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
"
xsi:schemaLocation
=
"
http:
//
www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http:
//
www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
http:
//
www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http:
//
www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd
http:
//
www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http:
//
www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd
http:
//
www.springframework.org/schema/context
http:
//
www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">
<
bean id
=
"
TheAction
"
class
=
"
com.neusoft.wang_xj.actionImpl.UpperAction
"
>
<
property name
=
"
message
"
>
<
value
>
HeLLo
</
value
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
</
beans
>
问题就解决了。
不知道你按照我说的修改，问题解决了么？
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