学习笔记18（NHibernate中many-to-one映射关系）

many-to-one：描述多对一的一种数据模型，它指定many一方是不能独立存在的，我个人认为many-to-one是NHB中保证数据有效性的最有用的一种映射，通过使用many-to-one能有效的防治孤儿记录被写入到数据表中。在本文描述的例子中，Student类和Classes类之间是多对一关系．

　　通过many-to-one元素,可以定义一种常见的与另一个持久化类的关联。这种关系模型是多对一关联。（实际上是一个对象引用。）在映射文件中用many-to-one标签描述此种关系．

< many-to-one
<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> name ="propertyName" (1)
<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>column</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> ="column_name" (2)
<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>class</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> ="ClassName" (3)
<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>cascade</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> ="all|none|save-update|delete" (4)
<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>outer-join</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> ="true|false|auto" (5)
<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>update</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> ="true|false" (6)
<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>insert</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> ="true|false" (7)
<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>property-ref</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> ="propertyNameFromAssociat<wbr>edClass"</wbr> <wbr>(8)<br style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px"><img src="https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif" align="top" alt="[hibernate]many-to-one/one-to-many/many-to-many关系映射" title="[hibernate]many-to-one/one-to-many/many-to-many关系映射" style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px; border-top-width:0px; border-right-width:0px; border-bottom-width:0px; border-left-width:0px; border-style:initial; border-color:initial; list-style-type:none; list-style-position:initial; border-style:initial; border-color:initial; border-style:initial; border-color:initial"><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>access</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> ="field|property|ClassName" (9)
<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr>unique</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr> ="true|false" <wbr>(10)<br style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px"><img src="https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif" align="top" alt="[hibernate]many-to-one/one-to-many/many-to-many关系映射" title="[hibernate]many-to-one/one-to-many/many-to-many关系映射" style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px; border-top-width:0px; border-right-width:0px; border-bottom-width:0px; border-left-width:0px; border-style:initial; border-color:initial; list-style-type:none; list-style-position:initial; border-style:initial; border-color:initial; border-style:initial; border-color:initial"></wbr> />

１．name：属性名。指出many一方的类用哪个属性和one一方的类关联．
２．column：字段名（可选）．指出many一方的类对应的数据表用哪个列和one一方的类对应的数据表关联（两表之间存在外键关联）；
３．class：关联的类的名字（可选 - 默认是通过反射得到属性类型）；
４．cascade：指明哪些操作会从父对象级联到关联的对象（可选）．cascade属性允许下列值：:<wbr><code style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px">all</code>,<wbr><code style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px">save-update</code>,<wbr><code style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px">delete</code>,<wbr><code style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px">none</code>. 设置除了<code style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px">none</code>以外的其它值会传播特定的操作到关联的（子）对象中。<br style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px"> ５．outer-join：当设置<code style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px">hibernate.use_outer_join</code>的时候，对这个关联允许外连接抓取（可选 - 默认为<wbr><code style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px">auto</code>）．<span style="font-family:Courier New; word-wrap:normal; word-break:normal; margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px">outer-join</span>参数允许下列三个不同值： auto（使用外连接抓取关联（对象），如果被关联的对象没有代理(proxy) ），true（一直使用外连接来抓取关联），false（永远不使用外连接来抓取关联）；<br style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px"> ６．update,insert：指定对应的字段是否在用于<code style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px">UPDATE</code><wbr>和/或<wbr><code style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px">INSERT</code>的SQL语句中包含。如果二者都是<code style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px">false</code>,则这是一个纯粹的“外源性（derived）”关联，它的值是通过映射到同一个（或多个）字段的某些其他属性得到的，或者通过trigger(除法器），或者是其他程序（可选 - 默认为<wbr><code style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px">true</code>）<br style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px"> ７．property-ref：指定关联类的一个属性，这个属性将会和本外键相对应。如果没有指定，会使用对方关联类的主键（可选）．property-ref属性只应该用来对付老旧的数据库系统，可能出现外键指向对方关联表的是个非主键字段（但是应该是一个惟一关键字）的情况。这是一种十分丑陋的关系模型。比如说，假设Product类有一个惟一的序列号，它并不是主键；<br style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px"> ８．access：NHibernate 用来访问属性的策略（可选 - 默认为<code style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px">property</code>）<br style="margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-bottom:0px; padding-left:0px"> ９．unique：允许产生外键列唯一约束的数据库定义语言（DDL）（可选）</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>