分析Spring的BeanFactory与ApplicationContext的getBean方法-----区别

最近做项目，做测试时，无意中遇到了一个问题：分别用BeanFactory和用ApplicationContext的getBean方法获取dataSource，用ApplicationContext获取成功，而用BeanFactory获取则报错

Java代码

1. publicclassDataSourceTest{
3. publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){
4. ApplicationContextctx=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("resources/spring/applicationContext-hibernate.xml");
5. DataSourceds=(DataSource)ctx.getBean("dataSource");
6. System.out.println(ds);
7. }
8. }

public class DataSourceTest { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("resources/spring/applicationContext-hibernate.xml"); DataSource ds = (DataSource) ctx.getBean("dataSource"); System.out.println(ds); } }

输出结果：org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource@1af33d6

Java代码

1. publicclassJdbcTemplateTest{
2. staticStringdelimiter=File.separator;
3. staticStringclasspath="resources"+delimiter+"spring"+delimiter+"applicationContext-hibernate.xml";
5. publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){
6. BeanFactoryfactory=newXmlBeanFactory(newClassPathResource(classpath));
7. DataSourceds=(DataSource)factory.getBean("dataSource");
8. /**
9. *以上方法获得DataSource的Bean会报错：说找不到数据库的驱动类
10. *
11. **/
12. System.out.println(ds);
14. }
15. }

public class JdbcTemplateTest { static String delimiter = File.separator; static String classpath = "resources"+delimiter+"spring"+delimiter+"applicationContext-hibernate.xml"; public static void main(String[] args) { BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(new ClassPathResource(classpath)); DataSource ds = (DataSource) factory.getBean("dataSource"); /** * 以上方法获得DataSource的Bean会报错：说找不到数据库的驱动类 * * */ System.out.println(ds); } }

运行报错：

Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource [resources/spring/applicationContext-hibernate.xml]:

Error setting property values; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.PropertyBatchUpdateException;

nested PropertyAccessExceptions (1) are:
PropertyAccessException 1: org.springframework.beans.MethodInvocationException: Property 'driverClassName' threw exception;

nested exception is org.springframework.jdbc.CannotGetJdbcConnectionException: Could not load JDBC driver class [${jdbc.driverClassName}]; nested exception is java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: ${jdbc.driverClassName}

我的配置文件位置如下所示：

resouces包-----
|

|

config子包:放数据库配置信息：jdbc.properties文件

spring子包：放spring的配置文件：applicationContext.xml

两个文件的内容如下：

jdbc.properties文件内容：

jdbc.driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:LOCALDEV
jdbc.username=ccic
jdbc.password=ccic

Xml代码

1. <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <beans
3. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd"
6. default-autowire="byName">
7. <!--属性文件读入-->
8. <beanid="propertyConfigurer"
9. class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
10. <propertyname="locations">
11. <list>
12. <value>classpath:resources/config/jdbc.properties</value>
13. </list>
14. </property>
15. </bean>
17. <beanid="dataSource"class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
18. <propertyname="driverClassName"value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
19. <propertyname="url"value="${jdbc.url}"/>
20. <propertyname="username"value="${jdbc.username}"/>
21. <propertyname="password"value="${jdbc.password}"/>
22. </bean>
23. </beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd" default-autowire="byName"> <!-- 属性文件读入 --> <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <property name="locations"> <list> <value>classpath:resources/config/jdbc.properties</value> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> </bean> </beans>

问题：同样是读取同一个配置文件，Spring的BeanFactory与ApplicationContext的getBean方法有什么区别?为什么一个行一个不行呢？

我只知道它们两个在延迟加载方面有区别：BeanFactory的getBean是延迟加载，ApplicationContext的getBean是在容器启动时就创建

特性 BeanFactory ApplicationContext
Bean实例化/装配 Yes Yes
自动BeanPostProcessor注册 No Yes
自动BeanFactoryPostProcessor注册 No Yes
便捷的 MessageSource访问(i18n) No Yes
ApplicationEvent发送 No Yes

ApplicationContext能够自动辨认和应用在其上部署的实现了BeanFactoryPostProcessor的bean
如果要在BeanFactory中使用，bean factory post-processor必须手动运行

Java代码

1. BeanFactoryfactory=newXmlBeanFactory(newClassPathResource(classpath));
2. PropertyPlaceholderConfigurercfg=newPropertyPlaceholderConfigurer();
3. cfg.setLocation(newClassPathResource("resources/config/jdbc.properties"));
4. cfg.postProcessBeanFactory(factory);
5. DataSourceds=(DataSource)factory.getBean("dataSource");