JPA学习笔记-第一部分

一般来讲JPA包含以下几个文件:
1.pojo类
2.映射文件
3.持久层映射文件(Persistence units)
1,2主要用来映射关系数据库中的实体,3主要用来定义JPAProvide,数据库连接定义等操作.

package com.liliang.entity;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Version;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

//JPA必须拥有一个实体类,对应数据库中的表.
//实体类的要求是:
//1.首先需要用注解的方式在类开头声明:@Entity()声明
//2.必须包含一个空的构造函数,并且必须是public或是protected修饰符.
//3.必须是top-levle类,即enum或是interface是不可以用作当成实体类的.
//4.不可以是final.如果实体类有可能是托管对象,那么就必须实现Serialization接口.
//我们使用注解的方式来实现.
//关于注解的解释:
//1.@Column provides the name of the column in a table if it is different from the attribute name.
//(By default, the two names are assumed to be the same.) 
//
//2.JPA allows persistent classes to inherit from non-persistent classes, persistent classes to inherit from other persistent classes, 
//and non-persistent classes to inherit from persistent classes.
//3.The entity class should have a default no-argument constructor.
//4.The entity class should not be final.
//5.Persistent classes cannot inherit from certain natively-implemented system classes such as java.net.Socket and java.lang.Thread.
//6.If a persistent class inherits from a non-persistent class, the fields of the non-persistent super class cannot be persisted.

@Entity(name="Customer")
public class Customer implements Serializable {

	/**
	 * 主机自动生成
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -4020535715918096623L;

	@Id //代表主键
	@Column(name="CUST_ID",nullable=false) //映射表中的一列
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) //标示符生成策略
	private Integer custId;

	@Column(name="FIRST_NAME",nullable=true,length=50)
	private String first_Name;

	@Column(name="LAST_NAME",nullable=false,length=50)
	private String last_Name;

	@Column(name="STREET",nullable=false,length=50)
	private String street;

	@Column(name="APPT",nullable=true,length=20)
	private String appt;

	@Column(name="CITY",nullable=false,length=25)
	private String city;

	@Column(name="ZIP_CODE",nullable=true,length=10)
	private String zipCode;

	@Column(name="CUST_TYPE",nullable=true,length=10)
	private String custType;

	@Version
	@Column(name="LAST_UPDATE_TIME",nullable=true)
	private Date updateTime;
	//默认
	public Customer(){};
	//最小填充
	public Customer(Integer custId, String last_Name, String street, String city){
		this.custId = custId;
		this.last_Name = last_Name;
		this.street = street;
		this.city = city;
	}
	//getter and setter method
	public Integer getCustId() {
		return custId;
	}
	public void setCustId(Integer custId) {
		this.custId = custId;
	}
	public String getFirst_Name() {
		return first_Name;
	}
	public void setFirst_Name(String first_Name) {
		this.first_Name = first_Name;
	}
	public String getLast_Name() {
		return last_Name;
	}
	public void setLast_Name(String last_Name) {
		this.last_Name = last_Name;
	}
	public String getStreet() {
		return street;
	}
	public void setStreet(String street) {
		this.street = street;
	}
	public String getAppt() {
		return appt;
	}
	public void setAppt(String appt) {
		this.appt = appt;
	}
	public String getCity() {
		return city;
	}
	public void setCity(String city) {
		this.city = city;
	}
	public String getZipCode() {
		return zipCode;
	}
	public void setZipCode(String zipCode) {
		this.zipCode = zipCode;
	}
	public String getCustType() {
		return custType;
	}
	public void setCustType(String custType) {
		this.custType = custType;
	}
	public Date getUpdateTime() {
		return updateTime;
	}
	public void setUpdateTime(Date updateTime) {
		this.updateTime = updateTime;
	}
	public static long getSerialVersionUID() {
		return serialVersionUID;
	}
}

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<persistence>
    <persistence-unit name="testjpa" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <provider>
            org.apache.openjpa.persistence.PersistenceProviderImpl
        </provider>
        <class>entity.Customer</class>
        <properties>
            <property name="openjpa.ConnectionURL"          value="jdbc:derby://localhost:1527/D:\OpenJPA\Derby\testdb;create=true"/>
            <property name="openjpa.ConnectionDriverName" 
            value="org.apache.derby.jdbc.ClientDriver"/>
            <property name="openjpa.ConnectionUserName" value="admin"/>
            <property name="openjpa.ConnectionPassword" value="admin"/>
    <property name="openjpa.Log" value="SQL=TRACE"/>
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>