Ubuntu配置技巧(一)

在应用程序菜单中添加快捷方式

 

使用命令

# sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/*.desktop

 

ADSL配置

 

Configuring PPPOE
$ sudo pppoeconf

Manually dial-up
$ sudo pon dsl-provider
 
Manually disconnect
$ sudo poff

Check status
$ plog
$ ifconfig ppp0

Activate ADSL automatically when booting.
/etc/ppp/pppoe_on_boot

 

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

After configuring ADSL, the icon of network disppeared.

1. $ sudo gedit /etc/NetworkManager/nm-system-settings.conf
2. modify false to true in following section

[ifupdown]
managed=false

3. restart
# /etc/init.d/networking restart
# /etc/init.d/NetworkManager restart

# service --status-all

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Use DHCP to get ip

 

#dhclient eth0

浏览CHM文件

 

1. 在Firefox中添加使用CHM Add-on.

2. # apt-get install gnochm

the icon located in application->accessories.

 

中文编码变换

 

compatible with the next one

Simplified:     GB18030 -> GBK -> GB2312.

TAIWAN / HK:    BIG5

MOBILE:        GB18031

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# sudo gedit /var/lib/locales/supported.d/zh

Add the following into files

zh_CN.GB18030 GB18030
.....

Generate locale encode
# sudo locale-gen

OK!!!

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Make gedit view chinese
# sudo gconf-editor

select: app -> gedit-2 -> preferences -> encoding
set: auto-detected, place GB18030 first.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Convert encode
# iconv -f gb18030 -t utf-8 file1.txt > file2.txt     ;redirect to file2.txt
# iconv -f gb18030 -t utf-8 file1.txt -o file2.txt

GB18030 = ISO-8859

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Check encoding
# file filename

 

在evince(PDF浏览器)中显示中文

 

# sudo apt-get install xpdf-chinese-simplefied

# sudo apt-get poppler-data

 

Check the font name of a PDF file

# pdffonts filename.pdf

网络配置

 

动态IP地址设定：
#sudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces
加入
--------------------------------
iface eth0 inet dhcp
auto eth0
--------------------------------

静态IP地址设定：
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.0.2
netmast 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.0.1
auto eth0

DNS设定：
sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf

加入：

------------------------------------

nameserver 192.168.0.1
-----------------------------------

高校Ubuntu源码资源

 

ubuntu7.10大学源一览表
ubuntu7.10大学源一览表#传说中的中国科技大学 5M/s
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports restricted universe multiverse
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

#传说中的北京交大 速度 2M/s
deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#传说中的上海交通大学，最热门的源之一
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu-cn/ gutsy main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main multiverse restricted universe

#传说中的清华大学ubuntu源 300k/s
deb ftp://ftp3.tsinghua.edu.cn/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe multiverse
deb ftp://ftp3.tsinghua.edu.cn/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb ftp://ftp3.tsinghua.edu.cn/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

#传说中的兰州大学 260k/s
deb ftp://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu-cn/ gutsy main multiverse restricted universe

#传说中的台湾大学 中国电信adsl 150k/s
deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse

 

更新在线手册

 

# mandb -c

# man -f -k ...