Redis主从自动failover

Redis主从架构持久化存在一个问题，即前次测试的结论，持久化需要配置在主实例上才能跨越实例保证数据不丢失，这样以来主实例在持久化数据到硬盘的过程中，势必会造成磁盘的I/O等待，经过实际测试，这个持久化写硬盘的过程给应用程序带来的影响无法忍受；因而在大多数场景下，会考虑把持久化配置在从实例上，当主实例宕机后，通过手动或者自动的方式将从实例提升为主实例，继续提供服务！当主实例恢复后，先从原从实例上同步数据，同步完成后再恢复到原始的主从状态！要实现这种的要求，需要有keepalive的配合，一方面keepalive提供了VIP，可以避免修改应用程序连接，同时redis实例的配置文件监听部分也需要修改为全网监听；另一方面keepalive定时调度脚本来监控主从实例的状态，根据具体情况进行切换！本文将重点介绍下使用keepalive实现redis主从自动failover！

环境介绍
操作系统版本均为：rhel5.4 64bit
redis版本：2.6.4
redis实例端口均为：6379
redis实例密码均为：123
VIP：192.168.1.120
主实例为server11(192.168.1.112)
从实例为server12(192.168.1.113，开启快照持久化)

一：安装keepalive软件,server11安装完成后直接scp至server12上即可
01.# wget http://keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz 02.# tar -zxvf ../tarbag/keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz 03.# cd keepalived-1.1.19/ 04.# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived && make && make install
二：配置主节点server11配置文件
01.# cat /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 02.! Configuration File for keepalived 03. 04.global_defs { 05. router_id LVS_DEVEL 06.} 07. 08.vrrp_script Monitor_redis { 09. script "/usr/local/scripts/redis_monitor.sh" 10. interval 2 11. weight 2 12.} 13. 14.vrrp_instance VI_1{ 15. state MASTER 16. interface eth0 17. virtual_router_id 51 18. mcast_src_ip 192.168.1.112 19. priority 100 20. advert_int 1 21. authentication { 22. auth_type PASS 23. auth_pass password_123 24.} 25. track_script { 26. Monitor_redis 27.} 28. virtual_ipaddress { 29. 192.168.1.120 30. } 31. notify_fault /usr/local/scripts/redis_fault.sh 32. notify_stop /usr/local/scripts/redis_stop.sh 33. 34.}
三：配置从节点server12配置文件
01.# cat /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 02.! Configuration File for keepalived 03. 04.global_defs { 05. router_id LVS_DEVEL 06.} 07. 08.vrrp_script Monitor_redis { 09. script "/usr/local/scripts/redis_monitor.sh" 10. interval 2 11. weight 2 12.} 13. 14.vrrp_instance VI_1{ 15. state BACKUP 16. interface eth0 17. virtual_router_id 51 18. mcast_src_ip 192.168.1.113 19. priority 99 20. advert_int 1 21. authentication { 22. auth_type PASS 23. auth_pass password_123 24.} 25. track_script { 26. Monitor_redis 27.} 28. virtual_ipaddress { 29. 192.168.1.120 30. } 31. notify_master /usr/local/scripts/redis_master.sh 32. notify_backup /usr/local/scripts/redis_backup.sh 33. notify_fault /usr/local/scripts/redis_fault.sh 34. notify_stop /usr/local/scripts/redis_stop.sh 35. 36.}
四：准备相关的脚本，主从实例上都需要存在这些脚本，同时注意脚本需要由可执行权限
01.# cat /usr/local/scripts/redis_monitor.sh 02.#!/bin/bash 03.ALIVE=$(/usr/local/redis2/bin/redis-cli -h 192.168.1.112 -p 6379 -a 123 PING) 04. 05.if [ "$ALIVE" == "PONG" ]; then 06. echo $ALIVE 07. exit 0 08. else 09. echo $ALIVE 10. killall -9 keepalived 11. service network restart 12. exit 1 13.fi 14. 15.# sh /usr/local/scripts/redis_monitor.sh 16.PONG 17. 18.# cat /usr/local/scripts/redis_master.sh 19.#!/bin/bash 20.REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis2/bin/redis-cli -h 192.168.1.112 -p 6379 -a 123" 21.LOGFILE="/usr/local/redis2/var/keepalived-redis-state.log" 22. 23.echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE 24.date >> $LOGFILE 25.echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 26.echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE 27.$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.1.113 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 28.sleep 10 29.echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE 30.$REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 31. 32. 33.# cat /usr/local/scripts/redis_backup.sh 34.#!/bin/bash 35.REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis2/bin/redis-cli -h 192.168.1.112 -p 6379 -a 123" 36.LOGFILE="/usr/local/redis2/var/keepalived-redis-state.log" 37. 38.echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE 39.date >> $LOGFILE 40.echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 41.sleep 15 42.echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE 43.$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.1.113 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 44. 45.# cat /usr/local/scripts/redis_stop.sh 46.#!/bin/bash 47.LOGFILE="/usr/local/redis2/var/keepalived-redis-state.log" 48.echo "[stop]" >> $LOGFILE 49.date >> $LOGFILE 50.# cat /usr/local/scripts/redis_fault.sh #!/bin/bash LOGFILE="/usr/local/redis2/var/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[fault]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE
五：主从实例分别启动keepalive进程，测试VIP是否正常


java版本测试代码

package com.yanek.redis;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
public class Test {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {

Jedis jedis = new Jedis("192.168.132.100");
jedis.set("id", "10000");
String id = jedis.get("id");
jedis.set("name", "javaboy2012");
String name = jedis.get("name");
System.out.println("id="+id);
System.out.println("name="+name);
System.out.println("name="+jedis.get("ray"));
}
}