JAVA 如何调用别人提供的WebService

JAVA 如何调用网络上别人提供的WebService
以别人提供的天气预报的webService为例
服务地址是: http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWS.asmx

进入http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWS.asmx?op=getWeather,我们可以看到请求和响应的XML文档规范
 1.  请求的规范
  POST /WebServices/WeatherWS.asmx HTTP/1.1
  Host: webservice.webxml.com.cn
  Content-Type: application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8
  Content-Length: length

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  <soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
       xmlns:soap12="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">
    <soap12:Body>
   <getWeather xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
     <theCityCode>string</theCityCode>
     <theUserID>string</theUserID>
   </getWeather>
    </soap12:Body>
  </soap12:Envelope>
 2.  响应的规范 (可以根据这样的一个格式来解析返回的XML文件)
  HTTP/1.1 200 OK
  Content-Type: application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8
  Content-Length: length

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  <soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
       xmlns:soap12="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">
    <soap12:Body>
   <getWeatherResponse xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
     <getWeatherResult>
    <string>string</string>
    <string>string</string>
     </getWeatherResult>
   </getWeatherResponse>
    </soap12:Body>
  </soap12:Envelope>
  
下面来看下如何来发起一个请求:
   (1).将请求部分中
  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  <soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">
    <soap12:Body>
   <getWeather xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
     <theCityCode>string</theCityCode>
     <theUserID>string</theUserID>
   </getWeather>
    </soap12:Body>
  </soap12:Envelope>
  另存为一个xml文件,本例中名字为weatherSoap.xml
  可以将其中
  ...
   <theCityCode>string</theCityCode>
     <theUserID>string</theUserID>
  ...
   的string替换成你自己的占位符.本例子中是替换成
  ...
   <theCityCode>{city}</theCityCode>
     <theUserID>{cityId}</theUserID>
  ...
 (2).准备工作完毕, 下面是程序部分

    

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.Proxy;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.net.Proxy.Type;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;

public class GetWeather {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		
	}

	public static String getWeather(String city, String cityId) throws Exception{
		InputStream is = getSoapInputStream("南昌", "");  // 获取服务器端返回的流
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,"UTF-8")); //使用UTF-8进行编码.
		String temp;
		while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {
			System.out.println(temp);  
		}
		// temp 就是返回的XML文件
		/*下面可以使用DOM来解析当前返回的XML*/
		// DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		// DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
		// Document doc = db.parse(is);
		return "";
	}

	/**
	 * 读取请求文件
	 * @param city
	 * @param cityId
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static String getResource(String city, String cityId)
			throws Exception {
		InputStream is = new FileInputStream(new File("weathersoap.xml"));  
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));  //创建文件输入流
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();  
		String temp;
		while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {
			sb.append(temp);    // 将文件的内容读取进来
		}
		br.close();
		String soap = sb.toString();
		soap = soap.replace("{city}", city);  
		soap = soap.replace("{cityId}", cityId); // 将文件中的占位符替换成我们所要传递的参数
		return soap;
	}

	/**
	 * 该方法得到服务器端返回的输入流
	 * @param city	  城市名称
	 * @param cityId  城市编码
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private static InputStream getSoapInputStream(String city, String cityId)
			throws Exception {
		String soap = getResource(city, cityId); 
		if (soap != null) {
			URL url = new URL(
					"http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWS.asmx");    
			URLConnection uc = url.openConnection(new Proxy(Type.HTTP,
					new InetSocketAddress("192.168.0.1", 808)));  // 建立连接,该处使用代理服务器.
			//如果没使用代理服务器的话, 则直接使用url.openConnection();
			uc.setUseCaches(false); // 设置不缓存
			uc.setDoInput(true);	// 设置可以输出
			uc.setDoOutput(true);	// 设置可以输入 

			/** 
			  * POST /WebServices/WeatherWS.asmx HTTP/1.1
			  * Host: webservice.webxml.com.cn
			  *	Content-Type: application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8
			  *	Content-Length: length
			  * 下面设置头文件中的信息,可以将上面请求文件中的头信息设置进去
			  * 其中的length = 文件内容的长度
			  */
			uc.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8");
			uc.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(soap.length()));

			OutputStream os = uc.getOutputStream();   //获取连接的输入流
			BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(os,
					"UTF-8"));

			bw.write(soap);  // 将请求的内容发送到服务器
			bw.flush();
			bw.close();
			
			InputStream is = uc.getInputStream();  //  获取服务器返回的流
			return is;
		}
		return null;
	}
}

 (3). 下面我们就可以使用DOM解析返回的XML文件, 获取所需要的信息s