程序目的: 猫(Cat)大叫一声,所有的老鼠(Mouse)都开始逃跑,主人(Master)被惊醒。
定义接口:
public interface Observer { void Response(); //观察者的响应,如老鼠听到猫叫的反映 } public interface Subject //动作发起 { void AimAt(Observer obs); //针对哪些观察者,这里是指猫要扑捉的对象---老鼠 }
猫(Cat),老鼠(Mouse),主人(Master)的类
public class Mouse : Observer { private string name; public Mouse(string name, Subject subj) { this.name = name; subj.AimAt(this); } public void Response() { Console.WriteLine(name + " attempt to escape!"); } } public class Master : Observer { public Master(Subject subj) { subj.AimAt(this); } public void Response() { Console.WriteLine("Host waken!"); } } public class Cat : Subject { private ArrayList observers; public Cat() { this.observers = new ArrayList(); } public void AimAt(Observer obs) { this.observers.Add(obs); } public void Cry() { Console.WriteLine("Cat cryed!"); foreach (Observer obs in this.observers) { obs.Response(); } } } class MainClass { static void Main(string[] args) { Cat cat = new Cat(); Mouse mouse1 = new Mouse("mouse1", cat); Mouse mouse2 = new Mouse("mouse2", cat); Master master = new Master(cat); cat.Cry(); } }
运行主函数得:
Cat cryed!
mouse1 attempt to escape!
mouse2 attempt to escape!
Host waken!
特点:1.具有联动性,老鼠和主人的行为是被动的。
2.程序对老鼠和主人进行抽象
该种设计方法考虑到扩展性,猫的叫声可能引起其他联动效应,而这时只需要加入新的类,同时也便于以后维护该模块的代码。