一、Service概念
1.Service是一个应用程序组件
2.Service没有图像化界面
3.Service通常用来处理一些好事比较长的操作
4.可以使用Service更新ContentProvider,发送Intent以及启动系统的通知等。
Service是Android中的服务,它与Activity不同,它是不能与用户交互的,不能自己启动的,运行在后台的程序,如果我们退出应用时,Service进程并没有结束,它仍然在后台运行。
二、Service不是什么
Service不是一个单独的进程,Service不是一个线程。和应用程序是在同一个进程中。
三、Service生命周期
Android Service的生命周期并不像Android中Activity那么复杂,因为它只继承了onCreate(),onStart(),onDestroy()三个方法,当我们第一次启动Service时,先后调用了onCreate(),onStart()这两个方法,当停止Service时,则执行onDestroy()方法,这里需要注意的是,如果Service已经启动了,当我们再次启动Service时,不会在执行onCreate()方法,而是直接执行onStart()方法。
四、启动和停止Service的方法
例子程序:
TestService.java
package com.android.service;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
public class TestService extends Service {
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
System.out.println("TestService --> onBind");
return null;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
System.out.println("TestService --> onCreate");
super.onCreate();
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
System.out.println("TestService --> onStartCommand");
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
System.out.println("TestService --> onDestroy");
super.onDestroy();
}
@Override
public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
System.out.println("TestService --> onUnbind");
return super.onUnbind(intent);
}
}
ServiceActivity.java
package com.android.activity;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import com.android.service.TestService;
public class ServiceActivity extends Activity {
private Button startService = null;
private Button stopService = null;
private Button bindService = null;
private Button unbindService = null;
private MyServiceConnection myServiceConnection = new MyServiceConnection();;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
startService = (Button)findViewById(R.id.startService);
stopService = (Button)findViewById(R.id.stopService);
bindService = (Button)findViewById(R.id.bindService);
unbindService = (Button)findViewById(R.id.unbindService);
startService.setOnClickListener(new StartServiceListener());
stopService.setOnClickListener(new StopServiceListener());
bindService.setOnClickListener(new BindServiceListener());
unbindService.setOnClickListener(new UnbindServiceListener());
}
class StartServiceListener implements OnClickListener{
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setClass(ServiceActivity.this, TestService.class);
startService(intent);
}
}
class StopServiceListener implements OnClickListener{
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setClass(ServiceActivity.this, TestService.class);
stopService(intent);
}
}
class BindServiceListener implements OnClickListener{
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setClass(ServiceActivity.this, TestService.class);
bindService(intent, myServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
}
class UnbindServiceListener implements OnClickListener{
public void onClick(View v) {
unbindService(myServiceConnection);
}
}
//这里需要用到ServiceConnection在Context.bindService和
//context.unBindService()里用到
class MyServiceConnection implements ServiceConnection{
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
System.out.println("ServiceActivity --> onServiceConnected");
}
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
System.out.println("ServiceActivity --> onServiceDisconnected");
}
}
}
AndroidManifest.java
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.android.activity" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0"> <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="10" /> <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name"> <activity android:name=".ServiceActivity" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <service android:name="com.android.service.TestService" android:exported="true"></service> </application> </manifest>
运行结果:
点击启动服务按钮:
此时可以在Setting/Application/Running Services里面查看我们的服务。
依次点击绑定服务、取消绑定服务、停止服务按钮: