程序员英语复习80题

●Give the logical variables X=Y=1，The value of X V Y(logical addition)is (66) 。
翻译：给出变量x=y=1,计算x逻辑加y的值是多少？
(66) A．8
B．6
C．4
D．1-----------------《
●Applications put computers to practical business (67) ，but below the (68) it's the heart of an operating system-the kernel-that provides the technical wizardry to juggle multiple program，connect to networks and store (69) ．
A traditional kernel provides all the functions for applications．The kernel (70) memory，I／O devices and parcels out processor time．
The kernel also supports security and fault (71) ，which is the ability to recover automatically when parts of the system fail．
翻译：计算机被应用到实际的商业用途中,但在它的内部是一个操作系统的核心,它提供了多重程序技术,并连接网络,储存数据。一个传统的核心提供应用程序的所有功能,它处理记忆功能,输入/输出设备,并分配处理器的时间。
这个核心支持安全和容错能力,当系统部分失灵时能够自动恢复。
(67) A．used
B．use
C．apply 申请，应用
D．applied 应用的，实用的========〈
(68) A．earth
B．bottom
C．table
D．surface 表面，外表===========〈
(69) A．graphics 图形，图象
B．data =============〈
C．text
D．image
(70) A．manages===========〈
B．manage
C．managed
D．managing
(71) A．error
B．question
C．tolerance 容差 ============〈
D．problem
●Which of the following methods is used to increase the number of processes sharing the CPU? (72) ．
翻译：以下那种方法使用增加过程的数量来分享CPU。
(72) A．Interrupt 中断
B．Scheduler 调度任务 ======〈
C．Working Set
D．Swapping 交换
●Which of the following statements describe(s)the properties of a purely segmented memory system? (73) ．
Ⅰ．It suffers from internal fragmentation
Ⅱ．It permits implementation of virtual memory
Ⅲ．It divides memory into units of equal size
(73) A．Ⅰ only
B．Ⅲ only
C．Ⅱ only=============〈
D．Ⅰ andⅢ
●In the WAN，when a point-to-point subnet is used，an important design issue is the roucer interconnection (74) ．
翻译：在广域网，当一个点到点子网中使用，一个重要的设计问题是roucer互连
(74) A．topology==========〈
B．computer
C．service
D．lines
● (75) is a sequence of letters and digits,the first character mustbe a letter.
GUID是一连串的字符和数字组成的字符串，第一个必须为字符。
(75) A．An identifier=====〈
B．A string
C．An array
D．program
●The prototyping method is a dynamic design processs，which requires people who use prototyping method to have the following capability of (66) ．
【解析】译文：原型化方法是一种动态设计过程，它要求使用该方法的人具有以下能力：C.善于表达调整&组织。
(66) A．Proficient program expertise
B．immediately acquire requirement
C．coordinate ＆ organize eloquently
D．handle tools smartly
●Most frequently used algorithm for page replacement is (67) .
【解析】页面替换最常使用的算法是最久没有使用算法。
(67) A．LRU========〈
B．FIFO
C．OPT
D．PPT
●Traversing a binary tree in preorder is equivalent to (68) ．
【解析】前序遍历一个二叉树等价于按从树的根部、右子树、右子树查找顺序查找树
(68) A．Traversing the forest corresponding to the binary tree in root-first order======〈
B．Traversing the forest corresponding to the binary tree in root-last order
C．Traversing the forest corresponding to the binary tree in breadth-first order
D．None of the above
●As an important phase in software development，software design is the continuation of software requirement analysis phase． (69) ．
【解析】作为软件开发的一个重要阶段，软件设计是软件需求分析阶段的继续，下列哪几项应当包含在软件设计阶段。
Ⅰ．software structure
Ⅱ．software document
Ⅲ．software module
Ⅳ．software procedure

Which of the following should be included in software design phase?
(69) A．Ⅱ andⅢ
B．Ⅰ andⅡ
C．Ⅰ，Ⅱ andⅢ
D．All===========================〈
●TCP(Transmission Control Protocol)was specifically designed to provide a reliable end-to-end byte stream over a(n) (70) ．【解析】TCP(传输控制协议)被设计成一个基于不可靠的网络上实现可靠的点到点的比特流协议。
(70) A．IP address
B．reliable network
C．socket
D．unreliable internetwork======〈
●In the Ethernet LAN，an algorithm was chosen to dynarnically adapt to the number of stations trying to sen
D．It is called (71) ．
【解析】在以太网局域网中，某算法被用于动态地适应传输目的站点数目，这个算法是二进制幂补偿法。
(71) A．backward learning
B．binary exponential backoff====================〈
C．spanning tree
D．CRC
●The principle for a stack memory to store data is (72) ．
【解析】堆栈存取数据的原则是先进后出。
(72) A．FIFO ============〈
B．random
C．FILO
D．other way
●Suppose we have the relation schema R(A，B，C，D)with functional dependencies；F{A→B，B→C，C→D，D→A}，then R(A，B，C，
D．at least is in (73) ．
【解析】假如我们有关系模式R(A、B、C、D)，它具有函数依赖F{A→B、B→C、C→D、D→A}，那么R(A、B、C、D)至少是BCNF范式。
(73) A．1NF
B．2NF
C．3NF
D．BCNF=================〈
●The construct
cobegin
Statement1；
Statement2；
coend
means Statement1 and Statement2 are to be executed in parallel．The only two atomic actions in this construct are loading the value of a variable and storing into a variable．For the program segment
x=0；y=0；
cobegin
{x=1；y+=x；}
{y=2；x+=3；}
coend
Which of the following indicate(s)possible values for the variables when the segment finishes execution? (74) ．
Ⅰ．x=1，y=2
Ⅱ．x=1，y=3
Ⅲ．x=4，y=6
解析】译文：结构
Cobegin
Statement1；
Statement2；
Coend
的含义是语句1和语句2并行执行。结构中的两个原子操作是加载一个变量的值和存储一个变量的值。
【程序段】
ｘ＝０；ｙ＝０；
ｃｏｂｅｇｉｎ
｛ｘ＝１；ｙ＋＝ｘ；｝
｛ｙ＝２；ｘ＋＝３；｝
ｃｏｅｎｄ
执行后，变量的值可能是哪个？
先执行第二句再执行第一句，结果是II，否则结果是III。

(74) A．Ⅰ
B．Ⅰ，Ⅱ
C．Ⅰ，Ⅲ
D．Ⅱ and Ⅲ
●when a string constant is written in C program，the compiler creates (75) of characters containing the characters of the string，and terminating it with"＼0"．
【解析】译文：当在C语言中书写一个字符串变量时，编译器创建一个字符 数组 ，它包含了字符串中的字符，并以"＼0"结尾。
(75) A．a group
B．an array===============〈
C．a set
D．a series
●In a computer，which of the following is the longest period? (66) .
【解析】计算机中，下列哪一个周期最长？
(66) A．Beat period
B．Machine period
C．Instruction period=====================〈
D．CPU period
●The Pentium includes hardware for both segmentation and paging．Both mechanisms can be disabled，allowing the user to choose from four distinct views of memory．Now the most frequently used view(such as UNIX System V)is (67) ．
【解析】译文：Pentium系列包含分段和分页的硬件。这两种机制都可以根据用户的意愿使用或者停用，使得用户可以从对内存的四种不同的视角选择。那么最常使用的视角是：段页式存储器。
(67) A．Unsegmented unpaged memory
B．Unsegmented paged memory
C．Segmented unpaged memory
D．Segmented paged memory===============〈
●The typical firewall consists of two packet filters and a (an) (68) ．
【解析】译文：典型的防火墙包含两个包过滤器和一个应用程序?
(68) A．router
B．bridge
C．application===================〈
D．server
● Every host and router on the Internet has an IP address，which encodes its (69) ．
【解析】译文：每一个因特网上的主机和路由器都有一个IP地址，它编码了该机的主机号和网络号。
(69) A．host number
B．host number and socket
C．network number
D．host number and network number=====================〈
●In C language， (70) variables have to be defined outside of any function，this (71) actual storage for it.
【解析】译文：C语言中，外部变量必须在所有函数体之外定义，并为之分配实际内存空间。
(70) A．internal
B．export
C．output
D．external===================〈
(71) A．locates
B．allocates======================〈
C．looks for
D．finds
●When you choose a command name that is followed by"…"on menu，a (72) box appears in which you provide more information．
【解析】译文：当你在菜单上选择一个带有"…"的命令，会弹出一个 对话框 以提供更多的信息。
(72) A．dialog===========================〈
B．list
C．check
D．text
●The following suggestions increase program's (73) and make them easier to (74) ：
1.Use a standard indention technique，blank lines，form feeds，and spaces.
2.Insert plenty of comments into your code.
【解析】译文：以下建议能增加程序的可读性，使得它们更加容易维护 。
1.使用标准的缩排技术、空行、换页、空格。
2.在代码中添加大量注释。
(73) A．security
B．reliability
C．readability==========〈
D．usability
(74) A．execute
B．interrupt
C．run
D．maintain====================〈
●To accommodate the longest path allowed by 802．3，the slot time has been set to 512 bitt times，or (75) ．
【解析】译文：为了兼容802.3允许的最长路径，时隙被设置为512bitttimes或者512μｓ
(75) A．521μs====================〈
B．5．12μs
C．0．512μs
D．512μs
●In a computer，if a logical left shift of the operand occurs，its lowest bit is (66) .
【解析】译文：计算机中，对一个操作数进行逻辑左移，它的最低位是1。
(66) A．unchanged
B．1====================〈
C．0
D．random
● The sorting method described by the code is called (67) ．
下列哪些排序方法是不稳定的排序方法
(67) A．Insertion sort
B．Selection sort===========================〈
C．Radix sort
D．Merge sort
●In which phase of the software engineering process is the Software Requirements Specification developed? (68) ．
【解析】软件需求说明在软件开发的哪个周期阶段出来？
(68) A．development phase
B．engineering phase
C．maintenance phase
D．Definition phase=======================〈
●An instruction that uses indrect addressing mustt contain an address of memory where (69) ．
【解析】译文：一条使用间接寻址方式的指令必须包含存贮另一个地址的内存地址。
(69) A．data is stored
B．a pipeline stall will be executed
C．a page fault is addressed
D．another address is stored=========================〈
●What is the decimal value of the binary value 10010？ (70) .
【解析】译文：二进制数10010对应的十进制数是18。
(70) A．18======================〈
B．20
C．14
D．15
●By means of multiple pipeline to carry out multiple processing，this technology is called (71) ．
【解析】译文：使用多重流水线的手段执行多个处理过程，这种技术称为超标量体系结构。
(71) A．Multiple pipeling
B．Superpipeline
C．Superscalar======================〈
D．Very long instruction word
●Transport gateways connect byte streams in the transport layer．Application gateways allow interworking above (72) ．
【解析】译文：传输层网关连接传输层比特流，应用网关允许在传输层上进行互操作。
(72) A．network layer
B．data link layer
C．transport layer=====================〈
D．appfication layer
●The error messages given by a C compiler show the message text,the most common cause of the error,and a suggestion for (73) the error.
【解析】译文：C编程器给出的错误信息说明了改错误最常见的原因以及纠正方法。
(73) A．upfsying
B．fixing===================<
C．changing
D．Editing
●How many key comparisons are needed in searching for key value 38? (74) .
【解析】译文：在搜索关键值38时，需要几次关键比较？
(74) A．1
B．4===========================<
C．3
D．2
●ASCII is a 7-bit code used to represent numeric，alphabetic，and special printable characters．It also includes codes for control characters，which are (75) .
【解析】ASCII是一种7比特编码，它用来表示数字、字符和特殊的打印符号。它也包含控制字符的编码，这些编码不能够打印或者显示。
(75) A．printable or displayable
B．not printable or displayable========================<
C．not printable but displayable
D．printable but not displayable
●Load factor a of the hash table is approximately (66) .
【解析】Hash表的装载因子大约是0.54。
(66) A．0．54==============<
B．0．35
C．0．28
D．0．71
●LANs can be connected by using bridges，which operate in the (67) .
【解析】译文：局域网可以使用网桥连接起来，它在数据链路层操作。
(67) A．data-link layer========================<
B．Physical layer
C．network layer
D．transport layer
●Which one of these statements about connecting to the Internet is true? (68) .
【解析】译文：下列关于连接到Internet的说法中，哪一个是正确的？
B选项的译文是：Internet能够连接使用不同ISP(Internet服务提供商)的计算机，因此B是正确的。
(68) A．The Internet can only be used to link computers with same operating system
B．The Internet can be used to connect computers with different ISP===============<
C．You must have a telephone line to connect to the Internet
D．You must have a modem to connect to the Internet
●There are many page replacement algorithms in the page management．Most frequently used algorithm is (69) ．
【解析】译文：页面管理中有许多页面替换算法，最常使用的是LRU。
(69) A．FIFO
B．LRU=================<
C．OPT
D．PPT
●By using MP3，a 600M-byte music CD can be (70) to 50M bytes or less.It can be streamed(downloaded in chunks)so that you can begin listening to the opening bars while the (71) of the file arrives in the background．And，most important，MP3 music files retain good listening (72) that (73) compression schemes lacked．That (74) of features makes accessing and distributing music on the Web practical for the first time.
【解析】MP3技术，可以将600MB的CD压缩(compressed)为50M或者更小。音乐可以被流式下载，即当文件的一部分(rest)刚下载到后台处理的时候，音乐已经开始播放了。更重要的是，MP3音乐文件仍保持着良好的质量(quality)，而这正是早期的(earlier)压缩方案所缺乏的。这些特点的结合(combination)使得在网上发布和存取音乐第一次成为可能。
(70) A．pressed
B．compressed==============<
C．press
D．compress
(71) A．past
B．other
C．rest=============<
D．host
(72) A．voice
B．mass
C．quantity
D．quality==============<
(73) A．earlier=================<
B．front
C．backward
D．later
(74) A．add
B．combination
C．difference
D．condition
●One use of networks is to let several computers share (75) such as file systems，printers，and tape drives.
【解析】译文：网络的作用之一是能让数台计算机共享资源，比如文件系统、打印机和磁带驱动器。
(75) A．CPU
B．memory
C．resources==================================<
D．information
●In Internet， (66) used as a barrier to prevent the spread of viruses．
【解析】译文：网上使用防火墙作为阻止病毒传播的屏障。
(66) A．modom
B．firewire
C．firewall=================<
D．netcard
●Different quality factors of software can be reflected upon user's different points of view，through product running，product modification and product transformation．Of the following properties，which one is connected with product running? (67) ．
【解析】译文：软件的不同质量因素反映了使用者不同的视点。下列哪一个属性与产品可运行性相关？Ⅰ.正确性Ⅱ.健壮性Ⅲ.重用性。
Ⅰ．Correctness
Ⅱ．Robustness
Ⅲ．re-use
(67) A．Ⅰ
B．Ⅱ
C．Ⅰ，Ⅱ=====================<
D．以上都是
●A (68) is a feature of the system or adescription of something the system is capable of doing in order to fulfill the system's purpose.
【解析】译文:需求反映了系统的特征或者是这样一种描述，它说明了系统为达到某种目标能够做的事情。
(68) A．plan
B．requirement ==============================<
C．document
D．Design
●In order to improve the performance of a network server，you need to select bus or local bus．The appropriate local bus is (69) ．
【解析】译文:为了改善网络服务器的性能，需要选择总线或者本地总线。合适的本地总线是：PCI。
(69) A．VESA
B．ISA
C．EISA
D．PCI===========================<
●Local bus can increase the data throughput．The bus that is most frequently used is (70) ．
【解析】译文:本地总线能够增加数据吞吐量，最常用的本地总线是：PCI。
(70) A．VESA
B．PCI==========================<
C．MCA
D．EISA
●A firewall is a (71) system designed to (72) an organization′s network against threats.
【解析】译文：防火墙是一个安全系统，它被设计用来保护某组织的网络不受破坏。
(71) A．operating
B．programming
C．security ======================<
D．data
(72) A．prevent
B．protect ========================<
C．examine
D．exploit
● Software maintenance is to do necessary modification，supplenemt，and completeness during software life circle．Among the following vary kinds of maintenance，which one has the maximum workload in a general way? (73) ．
【解析】软件生命周期中，软件维护是进行必要的软件修改、补遗、补充。下列各种软件维护工作中哪个具有最大的工作负载？
(73) A．relevance maintenance
B．completeness maintenance==================<
C．correctness naintenance
D．other kinds of maintenance
●If file A has the capability of 724，the same group's users of file A may do (74) .
【解析】译文:如果文件A的容量是724，文件A的同组用户可以进行执行A操作。
(74) A．read A only
B．write A
C．execute A=====================<
D．non-operation
●Where box testing of software testing is a test for software structure.Which of the following item should noe be included ing the content of white box? (75) .
【解析】译文：白盒测试是对软件结构的测试。下列哪一项不是白盒测试的内容？
(75) A．boundary value analysis===================<
B．statement testing
C．branch testing
D．path testing
●For relation where primary key contains multiple attributes，no non-key attribute should be functionally dependent on a part of primary key．This relation R is at least in (66) .
【解析】译文：对于主键包含多个属性的关系，没有非主属性函数依赖于部分主键。这样的关系R至少是3NF。
(66) A．3NF====================<
B．2NF
C．INF
D．BCNF
●The Programming Counter(PC)is normally used to point out (67) ．
【解析】译文：程序计数器PC正常情况下用于指出下一条可执行指令的地址。
(67) A．Programmed execution instruction
B．5The address of last execution instruction
C．The address of current execution instruction
D．The address of next execution instruction=====================<
●In terms of M．J．Flynn'S taxonomy，the systolic array falls into (68) ．
【解析】译文：根据M.J.Flynm的分类法，心脏收缩的数组属于MIMS。
(68) A．SISD
B．MIMD
C．MISD====================〈
D．SIMD
●Let R and S be the relation respection respectively：
Relation R:A B C Relation S:B C D
1 2 3 2 3 4
6 7 8 2 3 5
9 7 8 7 8 1
The number of tuples that the result of the expression R∞S(Here if natural join of relations R and S) is (69) ．
【解析】译文：关系R和S分别是关系R:A B C,关系S:B C D。表达式R∞S(这里式R、S的自然连接)的结果的元组个数为4。
(69) A．1
B．4======================〈
C．7
D．10
●In C program，all variables must be (70) before use，usually at the beginning of the function before any (71) statements.
【解析】译文： 在一段C程序中，所有变量在使用前必须声明，通常在函数的可执行语句之前声明。
(70) A．stated
B．writed
C．illustrated
D．declared==================〈
(71) A．operate
B．active
C．executable=======================〈
D．processing
●Which of the following statements about object oriented database is not correct? (72) ．
【解析】译文：下列关于面向对象数据库的描述中，哪一个是错误的？
B.封装和继承是面向对象数据库的两个重要特征。

(72) A．Each object has a unique object identify in the system
B．Encapsulation and inheritance are two important features of object oriented database======〈
C．A subclass can inherit the attributes and methods of all its superclasses
D．A supereloss includes the attributes and methods at all subclasses
●A disk scheduling mechanism in an operating system causes the disk arm to sweepbackand forth across the disk Surface servicing all requests in its path．This is a (73) ．
【解析】译文：操作系统的磁盘调度机制引起磁盘臂在磁盘表面前后掠动。这叫做扫描。
(73) A．First Come First Serve
B．Shortest Seek Time First
C．Scan========================〈
D．None of the above
● (74) functions with two layers of protocols．It can connect networks of different speeds and can be adapted to an environment as it expands．
【解析】译文：网桥涉及了两层网络协议，它能连接不同速度的网络。作为扩展，还可以改变以使用某个环境。
(74) A．The hub
B．The bridge=====================〈
C．The router
D．The proxy
●When a string constant is written in C program，the compiler creates (75) of characters containing the characters of the string，and terminating it with"＼0".
(75) A．a group
B．an array====================〈
C．a stack
D．a series
●The CPU is composed of two components，which are (66) ．
【解析】译文：CPU由两部分组成，它们是算术逻辑单元和控制单元。
(66) A．asthmatics logic unit and controller================〈
B．arithmetic logic unit and memory
C．memory and controller
D．controller and storage
● (67) is a sequence of letters and digits，the first character must be a letter.
【解析】译文： 标识符是一个由字母和数字组成的字符序列，它要求首字符必须是字母。
(67) A．An identifier=================〈
B．A string
C．An array
D．A program
●An instruction is made up of operations that (68) the function to be performed and operands that represent the data to be operated on.For example，if an instruction is to perform the operation of (69) two numbers，it must know (70) the two numbers are.The processor′s job is to (71) instructions and operands from memory and to perform each operation.Having done that，it signals memory to send it (72) instruction.
【解析】全文解析：指令是由指定(specify)功能的操作和代表被处理的数据的操作数组成。例如，如果一条指令实现两个数的加法(adding)，则它必须知道操作数在哪里(where)存放。处理器是用来从内存中获取(get)指令和操作数，并执行指令。当本条指令处理完后，它通知内存发送下一条(next)指令。
(68) A．smile
B．skip
C．smoke
D．specify
(69) A．add
B．added
C．adding
D．additional
(70) A．when
B．where
C．who
D．which
(71) A．get
B．make
C．push
D．pull
(72) A．first
B．last
C．next
D．second
●In C language，the usual expression statements are (73) or function calls.
【解析】译文：C语言中，表达式通常是赋值语句或者函数调用。
(73) A．I/Os
B．operations
C．assignments
D．evaluations=================〈
● (74) is a contiguous，numbered set of variables of a given base type，which can be used and passed to functions as a unit.
【解析】译文： 数组是一个由给定基本类型的变量组成的连续有序的集合，它可以作为一个单元使用或者传给某个函数。
(74) A．Record
B．Array====================〈
C．Parameter
D．File
●TCP service is obtained by having both the sender and the receiver create and points，which are called (75) ．
(75) A．Network address
B．supenet address
C．socket
D．IP address========================〈