直接看总结:
InheritableThreadLocal主要用于子线程创建时,需要自动继承父线程的ThreadLocal变量,方便必要信息的进一步传递。
线程间传递实现原理:
说到InheritableThreadLocal,还要从Thread类说起:
public class Thread implements Runnable {
......(其他源码)
/*
* 当前线程的ThreadLocalMap,主要存储该线程自身的ThreadLocal
*/
ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap threadLocals = null;
/*
* InheritableThreadLocal,自父线程集成而来的ThreadLocalMap,
* 主要用于父子线程间ThreadLocal变量的传递
* 本文主要讨论的就是这个ThreadLocalMap
*/
ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap inheritableThreadLocals = null;
......(其他源码)
}
Thread类中包含 threadLocals 和 inheritableThreadLocals 两个变量,其中 inheritableThreadLocals 即主要存储可自动向子线程中传递的ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap。
接下来看一下父线程创建子线程的流程,我们从最简单的方式说起:
一: 用户创建Thread
Thread thread = new Thread();
二: Thread创建
/**
* Allocates a new {@code Thread} object. This constructor has the same
* effect as {@linkplain #Thread(ThreadGroup,Runnable,String) Thread}
* {@code (null, null, gname)}, where {@code gname} is a newly generated
* name. Automatically generated names are of the form
* {@code "Thread-"+}<i>n</i>, where <i>n</i> is an integer.
*/
public Thread() {
init(null, null, "Thread-" + nextThreadNum(), 0);
}
/**
* 初始化一个线程.
* 此函数有两处调用,
* 1、上面的 init(),不传AccessControlContext,inheritThreadLocals=true
* 2、传递AccessControlContext,inheritThreadLocals=false
*/
private void init(ThreadGroup g, Runnable target, String name,
long stackSize, AccessControlContext acc,
boolean inheritThreadLocals) {
......(其他代码)
if (inheritThreadLocals && parent.inheritableThreadLocals != null)
this.inheritableThreadLocals =
ThreadLocal.createInheritedMap(parent.inheritableThreadLocals);
......(其他代码)
}
可以看到,采用默认方式产生子线程时,inheritThreadLocals=true;若此时父线程inheritableThreadLocals不为空,则将父线程inheritableThreadLocals传递至子线程。
但是,需要注意的是,在使用线程池等技术时,底层并不是直接 new Thread, 所以想用 InheritableThreadLocal 解决 线程池的上下文传递是不行的.