mha高可用
实际操作
1初始化环境
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
2.修改 Master、Slave1、Slave2 节点的主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname mysql1
hostnamectl set-hostname mysql2
hostnamectl set-hostname mysql3
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.91.100 Mysql1
192.168.91.101 Mysql2
192.168.91.102 Mysql3
3 主从 同步
修改 Master、Slave1、Slave2 节点的 Mysql主配置文件/etc/my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id = 1
log_bin = master-bin
log-slave-updates = true
systemctl restart mysqld
vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id = 2
log_bin = master-bin
relay-log = relay-log-bin
relay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.index
systemctl restart mysqld
vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id = 3
log_bin = master-bin
relay-log = relay-log-bin
relay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.index
systemctl restart mysqld
[root@mysql1 ~]
[root@mysql1 ~]
[root@mysql1 ~]
/usr/sbin/mysql /usr/sbin/mysqlbinlog
grant replication slave on *.* to 'myslave'@'192.168.91.%' identified by '123123';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'mha'@'192.168.91.%' identified by 'manager';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'mha'@'Mysql1' identified by 'manager';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'mha'@'Mysql2' identified by 'manager';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'mha'@'Mysql3' identified by 'manager';
flush privileges;
show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| master-bin.000001 | 1745 | | | |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
help change master to
change master to master_host='192.168.91.100',master_user='myslave',master_password='123123',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=1745;
start slave;
show slave status\G
set global read_only=1;
验证
create table ky15 (id int,name char(20),age int,gender char(20));
select * from kgc.ky15;
4 安装MHA
yum install epel-release --nogpgcheck -y
yum install -y perl-DBD-MySQL \
perl-Config-Tiny \
perl-Log-Dispatch \
perl-Parallel-ForkManager \
perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder \
perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker \
perl-CPAN
cd /opt
tar zxvf mha4mysql-node-0.57.tar.gz
cd mha4mysql-node-0.57
perl Makefile.PL
make && make install
tar zxvf mha4mysql-manager-0.57.tar.gz
cd mha4mysql-manager-0.57/
perl Makefile.PL
make && make install
cd /usr/local/bin/
masterha_check_ssh 检查 MHA 的 SSH 配置状况
masterha_check_repl 检查 MySQL 复制状况
masterha_manger 启动 manager的脚本
masterha_check_status 检测当前 MHA 运行状态
masterha_master_monitor 检测 master 是否宕机
masterha_master_switch 控制故障转移(自动或者 手动)
masterha_conf_host 添加或删除配置的 server 信息
masterha_stop 关闭manager
save_binary_logs 保存和复制 master 的二进制日志
apply_diff_relay_logs 识别差异的中继日志事件并将其差异的事件应用于其他的 slave
filter_mysqlbinlog 去除不必要的 ROLLBACK 事件(MHA 已不再使用这个工具)
purge_relay_logs 清除中继日志(不会阻塞 SQL 线程)
在 manager 节点上配置到所有数据库节点的无密码认证
ssh-keygen -t rsa
ssh-copy-id 192.168.91.100
ssh-copy-id 192.168.91.101
ssh-copy-id 192.168.91.102
数据库服务器之间互相导入即可
ssh-keygen -t rsa
ssh-copy-id 192.168.91.101
ssh-copy-id 192.168.91.102
ssh-keygen -t rsa
ssh-copy-id 192.168.91.100
ssh-copy-id 192.168.91.102
ssh-keygen -t rsa
ssh-copy-id 192.168.91.100
ssh-copy-id 192.168.91.101
(1)在 manager 节点上复制相关脚本到/usr/local/bin 目录
cp -rp /opt/mha4mysql-manager-0.57/samples/scripts /usr/local/bin
//拷贝后会有四个执行文件
ll /usr/local/bin/scripts/
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
master_ip_failover
master_ip_online_change
power_manager
send_report
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cp scripts/* ./
vim master_ip_failover
my $vip = '192.168.91.188';
my $brdc = '192.168.91.255';
my $ifdev = 'ens33';
my $key = '1';
my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens33:$key $vip";
my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens33:$key down";
my $exit_code = 0;
use strict;
use warnings FATAL => 'all';
use Getopt::Long;
my (
$command, $ssh_user, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip,
$orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip, $new_master_port
);
my $vip = '192.168.91.188';
my $brdc = '192.168.91.255';
my $ifdev = 'ens33';
my $key = '1';
my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens33:$key $vip";
my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens33:$key down";
my $exit_code = 0;
GetOptions(
'command=s' => \$command,
'ssh_user=s' => \$ssh_user,
'orig_master_host=s' => \$orig_master_host,
'orig_master_ip=s' => \$orig_master_ip,
'orig_master_port=i' => \$orig_master_port,
'new_master_host=s' => \$new_master_host,
'new_master_ip=s' => \$new_master_ip,
'new_master_port=i' => \$new_master_port,
);
exit &main();
sub main {
print "\n\nIN SCRIPT TEST====$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_start_vip===\n\n";
if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) {
my $exit_code = 1;
eval {
print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host \n";
&stop_vip();
$exit_code = 0;
};
if ($@) {
warn "Got Error: $@\n";
exit $exit_code;
}
exit $exit_code;
}
elsif ( $command eq "start" ) {
my $exit_code = 10;
eval {
print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host \n";
&start_vip();
$exit_code = 0;
};
if ($@) {
warn $@;
exit $exit_code;
}
exit $exit_code;
}
elsif ( $command eq "status" ) {
print "Checking the Status of the script.. OK \n";
exit 0;
}
else {
&usage();
exit 1;
}
}
sub start_vip() {
`ssh $ssh_user\@$new_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`;
}
sub stop_vip() {
`ssh $ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_stop_vip \"`;
}
sub usage {
print
"Usage: master_ip_failover --command=start|stop|stopssh|status --orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port --new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=port\n";
}
:2,87 s/^
/opt/mha4mysql-manager-0.57/samples
[root@localhost samples]
[root@localhost conf]
app1.cnf masterha_default.cnf
[root@localhost conf]
[root@localhost conf]
[root@localhost masterha]
[server default]
manager_log=/var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log
manager_workdir=/var/log/masterha/app1
master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data
master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
master_ip_online_change_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_online_change
password=manager
ping_interval=1
remote_workdir=/tmp
repl_password=123123
repl_user=myslave
secondary_check_script=/usr/local/bin/masterha_secondary_check -s 192.168.91.101 -s 192.168.91.102
shutdown_script=""
ssh_user=root
user=mha
[server1]
hostname=192.168.91.100
port=3306
[server2]
candidate_master=1
check_repl_delay=0
hostname=192.168.91.101
port=3306
[server3]
hostname=192.168.91.102
port=3306
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------注释
[server default]
manager_log=/var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log
manager_workdir=/var/log/masterha/app1
master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
master_ip_online_change_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_online_change
password=manager
ping_interval=1
remote_workdir=/tmp
repl_password=123
repl_user=myslave
report_script=/usr/local/send_report
secondary_check_script=/usr/local/bin/masterha_secondary_check -s 192.168.80.11 -s 192.168.80.12
shutdown_script=""
ssh_user=root
user=mha
[server1]
hostname=192.168.80.10
port=3306
[server2]
hostname=192.168.80.11
port=3306
candidate_master=1
check_repl_delay=0
[server3]
hostname=192.168.80.12
port=3306
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ifconfig ens33:1 192.168.91.188/24
masterha_check_ssh -conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
Sun Dec 5 22:19:27 2021 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping.
....................................................
Sun Dec 5 22:19:29 2021 - [debug] ok.
Sun Dec 5 22:19:30 2021 - [info] All SSH connection tests passed successfully.
masterha_check_repl -conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
Checking the Status of the script.. OK
Sun Dec 5 22:22:20 2021 - [info] OK.
Sun Dec 5 22:22:20 2021 - [warning] shutdown_script is not defined.
Sun Dec 5 22:22:20 2021 - [info] Got exit code 0 (Not master dead).
MySQL Replication Health is OK.
nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--remove_dead_master_conf:该参数代表当发生主从切换后,老的主库的 ip 将会从配置文件中移除。
--manger_log:日志存放位置。
--ignore_last_failover:在缺省情况下,如果 MHA 检测到连续发生宕机,且两次宕机间隔不足 8 小时的话,则不会进行 Failover, 之所以这样限制是为了避免 ping-pong 效应。该参数代表忽略上次 MHA 触发切换产生的文件,默认情况下,MHA 发生切换后会在日志记录,也就是上面设置的日志app1.failover.complete文件,下次再次切换的时候如果发现该目录下存在该文件将不允许触发切换,除非在第一次切换后收到删除该文件,为了方便,这里设置为--ignore_last_failover。
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
cat /var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log | grep "current master"
查看 Mysql1 的 VIP 地址 192.168.91.188 是否存在,这个 VIP 地址不会因为 manager 节点停止 MHA 服务而消失。
ifconfig
masterha_stop --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
或者可以直接采用 kill 进程 ID 的方式关闭。
---------------------- 故障模拟 --------------------------------
tail -f /var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log
systemctl stop mysqld
或
pkill -9 mysql
ifconfig
故障切换备选主库的算法:
1.一般判断从库的是从(position/GTID)判断优劣,数据有差异,最接近于master的slave,成为备选主。
2.数据一致的情况下,按照配置文件顺序,选择备选主库。
3.设定有权重(candidate_master=1),按照权重强制指定备选主。
(1)默认情况下如果一个slave落后master 100M的relay logs的话,即使有权重,也会失效。
(2)如果check_repl_delay=0的话,即使落后很多日志,也强制选择其为备选主。
故障修复步骤:
1.修复mysql
systemctl restart mysqld
2.修复主从
show master status;
change master to master_host='192.168.91.101',master_user='myslave',master_password='123123',master_log_file='master-bin.000002',master_log_pos=154;
start slave;
3.在 manager 节点上修改配置文件app1.cnf(再把这个记录添加进去,因为它检测掉失效时候会自动消失)
vi /etc/masterha/app1.cnf
......
secondary_check_script=/usr/local/bin/masterha_secondary_check -s 192.168.91.100 -s 192.168.91.102
......
[server1]
hostname=192.168.80.101
port=3306
[server2]
candidate_master=1
check_repl_delay=0
hostname=192.168.91.100
port=3306
[server3]
hostname=192.168.80.102
port=3306
4.在 manager 节点上启动 MHA
nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &
dos2unix /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover