python初学时

python 备忘

• / 10 / 3 = 3.3333333

• // 10 // 3 = 3

• ord() ord(‘A’) = 65

• chr() chr(20013) = ‘中’

• list
  mie = [1, 2, 3, 4]
  mie[-1] = 4
  mie.append(5) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
  mie.insert(1, 6) // [1, 6, 2, 3, 4, 5]
  mie.pop() // [1, 6, 2, 3, 4]
  mie.pop(1) // [1, 2, 3, 4]
  mie.append([7, 8])

• tuple 定义后不可修改
  mie = (1, 2, 3)
  mie[0] = 5 (error)

• dict
  mie = {123:1, 234:2, 345:3}
  123 in mie //True
  122 in mie //False
  mie.get(123) == mie[123]
  mie.get(123, -1) == mie[123] = -1
  //123不存在时,前者返回None,后者报错
  mie.pop(123) //{234:2, 345:3} 按key进行pop

• set
  mie = set([5, 6, 7, 8])
  mie.add(2)
  mie.remove(8)

• 导入包

import math
math.sqrt(12)

from math import *
sqrt(12)

return a if a > b else b

def my_abs(x):
    if not isinstance(x, (int, float)):
        raise TypeError('bad operand type')
    if x >= 0:
        return x
    else:
        return -x

hanshu(*num)  //传一个不定长(0~)参数列表进去
def person(name, age, **kw):
    print('name:', name, 'age:', age, 'other:', kw)
>>> person('Adam', 45, gender='M', job='Engineer')
name: Adam age: 45 other: {'gender': 'M', 'job': 'Engineer'}
>>> extra = {'city': 'Beijing', 'job': 'Engineer'}
>>> person('Jack', 24, **extra)
name: Jack age: 24 other: {'city': 'Beijing', 'job': 'Engineer'}