bin/hive 启动报错：Operation category READ is not supported in state standby

具体报错信息如下：

[sonkwo@sonkwo-bj-data001 hive-3.1.2]$ bin/hive

which: no hbase in (/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/opt/module/jdk1.8.0_212/bin:/opt/module/ha/hadoop-3.1.3/bin:/opt/module/ha/hadoop-3.1.3/sbin:/opt/module/zookeeper-3.5.7/bin:/opt/module/hive-3.1.2/bin:/home/sonkwo/.local/bin:/home/sonkwo/bin)
Hive Session ID = cb685500-b6ba-42be-b652-1aa7bdf0e134

Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/opt/module/hive-3.1.2/lib/hive-common-3.1.2.jar!/hive-log4j2.properties Async: true
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException(org.apache.hadoop.ipc.StandbyException): Operation category READ is not supported in state standby. Visit https://s.apache.org/sbnn-error
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.StandbyState.checkOperation(StandbyState.java:98)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode$NameNodeHAContext.checkOperation(NameNode.java:2017)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.checkOperation(FSNamesystem.java:1441)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.getFileInfo(FSNamesystem.java:3125)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNodeRpcServer.getFileInfo(NameNodeRpcServer.java:1173)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.getFileInfo(ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.java:973)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.proto.ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos$ClientNamenodeProtocol$2.callBlockingMethod(ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos.java)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Server$ProtoBufRpcInvoker.call(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:527)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:1036)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$RpcCall.run(Server.java:1000)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$RpcCall.run(Server.java:928)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:422)
        at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1729)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:2916)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:651)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.beginStart(SessionState.java:591)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:747)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:683)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:318)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:232)
Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException(org.apache.hadoop.ipc.StandbyException): Operation category READ is not supported in state standby. Visit https://s.apache.org/sbnn-error
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.StandbyState.checkOperation(StandbyState.java:98)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode$NameNodeHAContext.checkOperation(NameNode.java:2017)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.checkOperation(FSNamesystem.java:1441)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.getFileInfo(FSNamesystem.java:3125)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNodeRpcServer.getFileInfo(NameNodeRpcServer.java:1173)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.getFileInfo(ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.java:973)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.proto.ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos$ClientNamenodeProtocol$2.callBlockingMethod(ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos.java)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Server$ProtoBufRpcInvoker.call(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:527)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:1036)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$RpcCall.run(Server.java:1000)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$RpcCall.run(Server.java:928)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:422)
        at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1729)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:2916)

        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.getRpcResponse(Client.java:1545)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1491)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1388)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Invoker.invoke(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:233)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Invoker.invoke(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:118)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy28.getFileInfo(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.getFileInfo(ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.java:904)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:422)
        at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler$Call.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:165)
        at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler$Call.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:157)
        at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler$Call.invokeOnce(RetryInvocationHandler.java:95)
        at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:359)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy29.getFileInfo(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient.getFileInfo(DFSClient.java:1661)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem$29.doCall(DistributedFileSystem.java:1577)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem$29.doCall(DistributedFileSystem.java:1574)
        at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystemLinkResolver.resolve(FileSystemLinkResolver.java:81)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem.getFileStatus(DistributedFileSystem.java:1589)
        at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.exists(FileSystem.java:1683)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Utilities.ensurePathIsWritable(Utilities.java:4486)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.createRootHDFSDir(SessionState.java:760)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.createSessionDirs(SessionState.java:701)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:627)
        ... 9 more

原因：

三台nameNode的状态都为standby状态

Overview 'sonkwo-bj-data001:8020' (standby)

Overview 'sonkwo-bj-data002:8020' (standby)

Overview 'sonkwo-bj-data003:8020' (standby)

解决方法：

1）关闭HDFS集群
       stop-dfs.sh
       
2）启动Zookeeper集群
       zk.sh start
       
3）初始化HA在Zookeeper中状态
       hdfs zkfc -formatZK
       
4）启动HDFS服务
       start-dfs.sh

重新执行bin/hive链接成功：

hive>
[1]+  Stopped                 hive
[sonkwo@sonkwo-bj-data001 hive-3.1.2]$ hive
which: no hbase in (/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/opt/module/jdk1.8.0_212/bin:/opt/module/ha/hadoop-3.1.3/bin:/opt/module/ha/hadoop-3.1.3/sbin:/opt/module/zookeeper-3.5.7/bin:/opt/module/hive-3.1.2/bin:/home/sonkwo/.local/bin:/home/sonkwo/bin)
Hive Session ID = 698d0919-f46c-42c4-b92e-860f501a7711

Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/opt/module/hive-3.1.2/lib/hive-common-3.1.2.jar!/hive-log4j2.properties Async: true
Hive-on-MR is deprecated in Hive 2 and may not be available in the future versions. Consider using a different execution engine (i.e. spark, tez) or using Hive 1.X releases.
hive>