Postgresql源码(145)优化器nestloop参数化路径评估不准问题分析

相关
《Postgresql源码(133)优化器动态规划生成连接路径的实例分析》

1 问题

最近遇到一个问题,评估行数和真实行数存在较大差距,导致计划不准的问题。

nestloop内表评估是根据外表的参数来的。因为外表驱动表每取一条,内表才能做查询。所以这里外表的一条数据对内表来说就是参数。内表使用参数化路径来评估行数。

本篇针对这个实例对参数化路径行数评估做一些分析。

postgres=# explain analyze select * from iii, mmm where iii.poid = mmm.poid;
                                                         QUERY PLAN
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Nested Loop  (cost=0.43..125.97 rows=17 width=27) (actual time=0.063..6.031 rows=1000 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on mmm  (cost=0.00..1.10 rows=10 width=13) (actual time=0.005..0.010 rows=10 loops=1)
   ->  Index Scan using idx_iii_poid on iii  (cost=0.43..12.47 rows=2 width=14) (actual time=0.022..0.563 rows=100 loops=10)
         Index Cond: (poid = mmm.poid)
 Planning Time: 0.351 ms
 Execution Time: 6.138 ms
(6 rows)

2 全文总结(便于查询)

文章结论

  • get_parameterized_baserel_size计算参数化路径的选择率,本例中并没有看到任何特殊的评估方法,完全是按照poid的选择率来评估的。
clauselist_selectivity = 1.7108151058814915e-07
rel->tuples = 10000001

nrows = rel->tuples * clauselist_selectivity = 2
  • pg_statistic记录的poid列唯一值个数占比-0.58516644
  • pg_class记录行数为10000001条,所以评估poid列的唯一值个数为10000001*0.58516644=5845167(实际9901001)。这里有一半的偏差,但不是主要原因。
  • 2行=10000001*1.71e-07,在一个均匀分布的数据集中,每一个唯一值出现的概率是1.71e-07。所以如果有1千万行数据,随便给一个poid,能选出来两行不一样的。
    • 如果唯一值非常少,那么选择率会变大,趋近于1,则10000001行=10000001*1。随便给一个poid,能选出来会非常多。
    • 如果唯一值非常多,那么选择率会变小,趋近于0,则0行=10000001*0。随便给一个poid,能选出来会非常少。
  • 评估两行但实际是100行的原因是,数据不均匀但统计信息平均采样,导致pg_statistic中stadistinct不准,进一步导致选择率不准,导致计算出现偏差。

分析思路整理

  • standard_join_search逐层规划连接顺序,找到参数化path节点。1.1.1 PATH 1:用索引参数化路径,评估2行
  • create_index_path在make_one_rel→set_base_rel_pathlists中一共调用6次,其中一次是参数化路径,特点是入参required_outer有值,可能拿到外表信息。
  • 进一步分析create_index_path参数化成本计算,create_index_path→get_baserel_parampathinfo函数生成ParamPathInfo,ParamPathInfo中ppi_rows记录估算函数。
  • 进一步分析ppi_rows的计算,在create_index_path→get_baserel_parampathinfo中处理,get_baserel_parampathinfo用行数1千万乘以选择率得到行数。
  • 进一步分析选择率的计算
    • clauselist_selectivity → clause_selectivity_ext → restriction_selectivity → eqsel_internal → var_eq_non_const
    • 使用stadistinct = stats->stadistinct = -0.58516644 (来自pg_statistic表)
    • 使用ntuples = vardata->rel->tuples = 10000001(来自relation结构,来自pg_class表)
    • 计算唯一行数:clamp_row_est(-stadistinct * ntuples = 5845167.024516644) = 5845167
    • 进而得到选择率selec = selec / ndistinct = 1 / 5845167 = 1.7108151058814915e-07

实例

  • 计划二:优化器认为驱动表每一行,内表有2行能连接上,实际有100行能连接上。为什么差距大?

  • (cost=0.43..12.47 rows=2 width=14) (actual time=0.022..0.563 rows=100 loops=10)评估不准的原因是什么?

-- 计划二
drop table iii;
CREATE TABLE iii (poid INT NOT NULL, value NUMERIC, status int);
-- 可以和mmm表连上
INSERT INTO iii SELECT t%1000, t, 0 FROM generate_series(1, 100000) t order by random();
-- 干扰数据,占比高担都和mmm表连不上
INSERT INTO iii SELECT t, t, 0 FROM generate_series(100000, 10000000) t order by random();
CREATE INDEX idx_iii_poid ON iii(poid);
analyze iii;


drop table mmm;
CREATE TABLE mmm (poid INT NOT NULL, value NUMERIC, status int);
INSERT INTO mmm SELECT t, t, 0 FROM generate_series(1, 10) t order by random();
CREATE INDEX idx_mmm_poid ON mmm(poid);
analyze mmm;


set enable_hashjoin to off;
set enable_mergejoin to off;
set enable_bitmapscan to off;
explain analyze select * from iii, mmm where iii.poid = mmm.poid;

postgres=# explain analyze select * from iii, mmm where iii.poid = mmm.poid;
                                                         QUERY PLAN
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Nested Loop  (cost=0.43..125.97 rows=17 width=27) (actual time=0.063..6.031 rows=1000 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on mmm  (cost=0.00..1.10 rows=10 width=13) (actual time=0.005..0.010 rows=10 loops=1)
   ->  Index Scan using idx_iii_poid on iii  (cost=0.43..12.47 rows=2 width=14) (actual time=0.022..0.563 rows=100 loops=10)
         Index Cond: (poid = mmm.poid)
 Planning Time: 0.351 ms
 Execution Time: 6.138 ms
(6 rows)

要分析这个问题需要从path生成开始看:

path生成

1 standard_join_search第一层

1.1 第一层第一个RelOptInfo(iii表)

p ((RelOptInfo*)root->join_rel_level[1].elements[0].ptr_value).pathlist

1.1.1 PATH 1:用索引参数化路径,评估2行,代价total_cost = 12.466928526553348
$53 = {
  path = {
    type = T_IndexPath,
    pathtype = T_IndexScan,
    parent = 0x1e91558,
    pathtarget = 0x1e697c8,
    param_info = 0x1e8d340,
    parallel_aware = false,
    parallel_safe = true,
    parallel_workers = 0,
    rows = 2,
    startup_cost = 0.435,
    total_cost = 12.466928526553348,
    pathkeys = 0x1e8cf90
  },
  indexinfo = 0x1e91768,
  indexclauses = 0x1e8cef0,
  indexorderbys = 0x0,
  indexorderbycols = 0x0,
  indexscandir = ForwardScanDirection,
  indextotalcost = 4.4499999999999993,
  indexselectivity = 1.7108151058814915e-07
}

param_info = 0x1e8d340 记录了什么?
在这里插入图片描述

1.1.2 PATH 2:全表扫,代价total_cost = 154055.01000000001
(gdb) tr Path 0x1e8bbc0
$55 = {
  type = T_Path,
  pathtype = T_SeqScan,
  parent = 0x1e91558,
  pathtarget = 0x1e697c8,
  param_info = 0x0,
  parallel_aware = false,
  parallel_safe = true,
  parallel_workers = 0,
  rows = 10000001,
  startup_cost = 0,
  total_cost = 154055.01000000001,
  pathkeys = 0x0
}
1.1.3 PATH 3:用索引全表扫iii表,评估10000001行。代价total_cost = 475019.93093073595
$57 = {
  path = {
    type = T_IndexPath,
    pathtype = T_IndexScan,
    parent = 0x1e91558,
    pathtarget = 0x1e697c8,
    param_info = 0x0,
    parallel_aware = false,
    parallel_safe = true,
    parallel_workers = 0,
    rows = 10000001,
    startup_cost = 0.435,
    total_cost = 475019.93093073595,
    pathkeys = 0x1e8c7d0
  },
  indexinfo = 0x1e91768,
  indexclauses = 0x0,
  indexorderbys = 0x0,
  indexorderbycols = 0x0,
  indexscandir = ForwardScanDirection,
  indextotalcost = 158924.44,
  indexselectivity = 1
}

1.2 第一层第二个RelOptInfo(mmm表)

p ((RelOptInfo*)root->join_rel_level[1].elements[1].ptr_value).pathlist

1.2.1 PATH 1:用索引参数化路径,评估1行,代价total_cost = 0.15250119999987999
$70 = {
  path = {
    type = T_IndexPath,
    pathtype = T_IndexScan,
    parent = 0x1e90d28,
    pathtarget = 0x1e698f8,
    param_info = 0x1eac2d8,
    parallel_aware = false,
    parallel_safe = true,
    parallel_workers = 0,
    rows = 1,
    startup_cost = 0.13500000000000001,
    total_cost = 0.15250119999987999,
    pathkeys = 0x1eabfd8
  },
  indexinfo = 0x1e8b8c8,
  indexclauses = 0x1eabf38,
  indexorderbys = 0x0,
  indexorderbycols = 0x0,
  indexscandir = ForwardScanDirection,
  indextotalcost = 0.14250079999991999,
  indexselectivity = 0.10000000000000001
}
1.2.2 PATH 2:全表扫,评估10行,代价total_cost = 1.1000000000000001
$71 = {
  type = T_Path,
  pathtype = T_SeqScan,
  parent = 0x1e90d28,
  pathtarget = 0x1e698f8,
  param_info = 0x0,
  parallel_aware = false,
  parallel_safe = true,
  parallel_workers = 0,
  rows = 10,
  startup_cost = 0,
  total_cost = 1.1000000000000001,
  pathkeys = 0x0
}
1.2.3 PATH 3:索引全表扫,评估10行,代价otal_cost = 12.285
{
  path = {
    type = T_IndexPath,
    pathtype = T_IndexScan,
    parent = 0x1e90d28,
    pathtarget = 0x1e698f8,
    param_info = 0x0,
    parallel_aware = false,
    parallel_safe = true,
    parallel_workers = 0,
    rows = 10,
    startup_cost = 0.13500000000000001,
    total_cost = 12.285,
    pathkeys = 0x1eab998
  },
  indexinfo = 0x1e8b8c8,
  indexclauses = 0x0,
  indexorderbys = 0x0,
  indexorderbycols = 0x0,
  indexscandir = ForwardScanDirection,
  indextotalcost = 8.1850000000000005,
  indexselectivity = 1
}

2 standard_join_search第二层,只有一个RelOptInfo

p ((RelOptInfo*)root->join_rel_level[2].elements[0].ptr_value).pathlist

只有一个PATH

$91 = {
  jpath = {
    path = {
      type = T_NestPath,
      pathtype = T_NestLoop,
      parent = 0x1eacc28,
      pathtarget = 0x1eace58,
      param_info = 0x0,
      parallel_aware = false,
      parallel_safe = true,
      parallel_workers = 0,
      rows = 17,
      startup_cost = 0.435,
      total_cost = 125.96928526553347,
      pathkeys = 0x0
    },
    jointype = JOIN_INNER,
    inner_unique = false,
    outerjoinpath = 0x1e8d780,  
    innerjoinpath = 0x1e8d020,
    joinrestrictinfo = 0x0
  }
}
  • outerjoinpath = 0x1e8d780:选择了1.2.2 PATH 2:全表扫,评估10行,代价total_cost = 1.1000000000000001。
  • innerjoinpath = 0x1e8d020:选择了1.1.1 PATH 1:用索引参数化路径,评估2行,代价total_cost = 12.466928526553348。

为什么iii表的索引参数化路径评估只有2行?

  • 现阶段只有nestloop的内表需要参数化路径,因为内表评估行数时,无法确切知道能连上多少行,所以只能计算出一个行数。
  • 在上文 1.1.1 PATH 1:用索引参数化路径,评估2行,代价total_cost = 12.466928526553348中,参数化node评估的行数是怎么计算出来的?
$53 = {
  path = {
    type = T_IndexPath,
    pathtype = T_IndexScan,
    parent = 0x1e91558,
    pathtarget = 0x1e697c8,
    param_info = 0x1e8d340,
    parallel_aware = false,
    parallel_safe = true,
    parallel_workers = 0,
    rows = 2,
    startup_cost = 0.435,
    total_cost = 12.466928526553348,
    pathkeys = 0x1e8cf90
  },
  indexinfo = 0x1e91768,
  indexclauses = 0x1e8cef0,
  indexorderbys = 0x0,
  indexorderbycols = 0x0,
  indexscandir = ForwardScanDirection,
  indextotalcost = 4.4499999999999993,
  indexselectivity = 1.7108151058814915e-07
}

create_index_path在make_one_rel→set_base_rel_pathlists中一共调用6次:

-- iii表的索引 idx_iii_poid,非参数化路径
create_index_path (root=0x1e68cb8, index=0x1e91768, indexclauses=0x0,       indexorderbys=0x0, indexorderbycols=0x0, pathkeys=0x1e8c7d0, indexscandir=ForwardScanDirection, indexonly=false, required_outer=0x0,       loop_count=1, partial_path=false)
-- iii表的索引 idx_iii_poid,非参数化路径
create_index_path (root=0x1e68cb8, index=0x1e91768, indexclauses=0x0,       indexorderbys=0x0, indexorderbycols=0x0, pathkeys=0x1e8c7d0, indexscandir=ForwardScanDirection, indexonly=false, required_outer=0x0,       loop_count=1, partial_path=true)
-- iii表的索引 idx_iii_poid,required_outer有值,计算参数化路径
create_index_path (root=0x1e68cb8, index=0x1e91768, indexclauses=0x1e8cef0, indexorderbys=0x0, indexorderbycols=0x0, pathkeys=0x1e8cf90, indexscandir=ForwardScanDirection, indexonly=false, required_outer=0x1e8cca0, loop_count=10, partial_path=false)

-- mmm表的索引 idx_mmm_poid
create_index_path (root=0x1e68cb8, index=0x1e8b8c8, indexclauses=0x0,       indexorderbys=0x0, indexorderbycols=0x0, pathkeys=0x1eab998, indexscandir=ForwardScanDirection, indexonly=false, required_outer=0x0,       loop_count=1, partial_path=false)
create_index_path (root=0x1e68cb8, index=0x1e8b8c8, indexclauses=0x0,       indexorderbys=0x0, indexorderbycols=0x0, pathkeys=0x1eab998, indexscandir=ForwardScanDirection, indexonly=false, required_outer=0x0,       loop_count=1, partial_path=true)
create_index_path (root=0x1e68cb8, index=0x1e8b8c8, indexclauses=0x1eabf38, indexorderbys=0x0, indexorderbycols=0x0, pathkeys=0x1eabfd8, indexscandir=ForwardScanDirection, indexonly=false, required_outer=0x1e8d2d0, loop_count=10000001, partial_path=false)
  • required_outer有值,表示参数化的indexpath:
-- iii表的索引 idx_iii_poid,required_outer有值,计算参数化路径
create_index_path (root=0x1e68cb8, index=0x1e91768, indexclauses=0x1e8cef0, indexorderbys=0x0, indexorderbycols=0x0, pathkeys=0x1e8cf90, indexscandir=ForwardScanDirection, indexonly=false, required_outer=0x1e8cca0, loop_count=10, partial_path=false)

在这里插入图片描述

参数化路径计算

create_index_path→get_baserel_parampathinfo函数生成ParamPathInfo

get_baserel_parampathinfo调用get_parameterized_baserel_size评估,当前节点是几行。例如评估出来2行。explain时内表看到的rows就是2行,含义是外表每一行过来,内表有两行能连上。

get_parameterized_baserel_size

double
get_parameterized_baserel_size(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
							   List *param_clauses)
{
	List	   *allclauses;
	double		nrows;

	allclauses = list_concat_copy(param_clauses, rel->baserestrictinfo);
	nrows = rel->tuples *
		clauselist_selectivity(root,
							   allclauses,
							   rel->relid,	/* do not use 0! */
							   JOIN_INNER,
							   NULL);
	nrows = clamp_row_est(nrows);
	/* For safety, make sure result is not more than the base estimate */
	if (nrows > rel->rows)
		nrows = rel->rows;
	return nrows;
}
  • allclauses合并param_clauses参数化条件和rel->baserestrictinfo当前表自身的约束条件,得到综合条件列表​​。
  • 使用 clauselist_selectivity 函数计算这些条件的综合选择率,再乘以表的基数rel->tuples,最终得到参数化路径下的预估行数。

当前的allclauses表本身没有条件,只有外表提供的参数化条件:
在这里插入图片描述

  • 上图中opexpr是等号,指向varno=1、varno=2指向两个基表。

  • nrows = rel->tuples * clauselist_selectivity = 2

    • clauselist_selectivity = 1.7108151058814915e-07
    • rel->tuples = 10000001

clauselist_selectivity → clause_selectivity_ext的计算逻辑分支较多,这里只给出本例走到的分支:

clause_selectivity_ext
	...
	...
	clause = (Node *) rinfo->clause;
	...
	...
	else if (is_opclause(clause) || IsA(clause, DistinctExpr))
		...
		...
		restriction_selectivity
		...

restriction_selectivity用于计算条件(where中过滤条件)的选择率:

Selectivity
restriction_selectivity(PlannerInfo *root,
						Oid operatorid,
						List *args,
						Oid inputcollid,
						int varRelid)
{
  • 这里operatorid=96是等号。
  • get_oprrest从系统表中拿到oprrest 字段,字段指向一个注册的选择率计算函数oid=101,eqsel函数。
	RegProcedure oprrest = get_oprrest(operatorid);
	float8		result;

	/*
	 * if the oprrest procedure is missing for whatever reason, use a
	 * selectivity of 0.5
	 */
	if (!oprrest)
		return (Selectivity) 0.5;

	result = DatumGetFloat8(OidFunctionCall4Coll(oprrest,
												 inputcollid,
												 PointerGetDatum(root),
												 ObjectIdGetDatum(operatorid),
												 PointerGetDatum(args),
												 Int32GetDatum(varRelid)));

	if (result < 0.0 || result > 1.0)
		elog(ERROR, "invalid restriction selectivity: %f", result);

	return (Selectivity) result;
}

进入eqsel函数开始计算选择率,eqsel用于计算等值和​​不等值操作符的选择率,是优化器代价模型的核心组成部分。

  • root:优化器上下文(包含统计信息、表元数据等)
  • operator:操作符的 OID(如 = 或 <>)
  • args:操作符的参数列表(如 a = 5 中的列 a 和常量 5)
  • varRelid:关联的关系 ID(用于确定统计信息范围)
  • collation:排序规则(影响字符串比较)
/*
 * Common code for eqsel() and neqsel()
 */
static double
eqsel_internal(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, bool negate)
{
	PlannerInfo *root = (PlannerInfo *) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0);
	Oid			operator = PG_GETARG_OID(1);
	List	   *args = (List *) PG_GETARG_POINTER(2);
	int			varRelid = PG_GETARG_INT32(3);
	Oid			collation = PG_GET_COLLATION();
	VariableStatData vardata;
	Node	   *other;
	bool		varonleft;
	double		selec;

negate表示不等值。

	if (negate)
	{
		operator = get_negator(operator);
		if (!OidIsValid(operator))
		{
			/* Use default selectivity (should we raise an error instead?) */
			return 1.0 - DEFAULT_EQ_SEL;
		}
	}

本例中的args:

  • Var = {xpr = {type = T_Var}, varno = 1, varattno = 1, vartype = 23}
  • Var = {xpr = {type = T_Var}, varno = 2, varattno = 1, vartype = 23}
  • varRelid = 1
	/*
	 * If expression is not variable = something or something = variable, then
	 * punt and return a default estimate.
	 */
	if (!get_restriction_variable(root, args, varRelid,
								  &vardata, &other, &varonleft))
		return negate ? (1.0 - DEFAULT_EQ_SEL) : DEFAULT_EQ_SEL;

get_restriction_variable将条件拆分为变量和​​常量或其他表达式​​。

  • vardata
    • {var = 0x1e6b2c0, rel = 0x1e8b8f8, statsTuple = 0x7f4874e75e08, freefunc = 0xb73cd6 , vartype = 23, atttype = 23, atttypmod = -1, isunique = false, acl_ok = true}
      • var = {xpr = {type = T_Var}, varno = 1, varattno = 1, vartype = 23}
      • statsTuple = pg_stat_statistic对应的行。
  • other = {{xpr = {type = T_Var}, varno = 2, varattno = 1, vartype = 2}
  • varonleft = true

开始计算选择率 var_eq_non_const

	/*
	 * We can do a lot better if the something is a constant.  (Note: the
	 * Const might result from estimation rather than being a simple constant
	 * in the query.)
	 */
	if (IsA(other, Const))
		selec = var_eq_const(&vardata, operator, collation,
							 ((Const *) other)->constvalue,
							 ((Const *) other)->constisnull,
							 varonleft, negate);
	else
		selec = var_eq_non_const(&vardata, operator, collation, other,
								 varonleft, negate);

	ReleaseVariableStats(vardata);

	return selec;
}

var_eq_non_const用于计算变量与非常量表达式(如其他列或子查询结果)的等值条件(= 或 <>)的选择率​​,例如 a = b 或 x <> y。核心逻辑是基于统计信息(如唯一性约束、NULL值比例、不同值数量等),结合启发式规则估算满足条件的行数比例

  • vardata:变量统计信息(如列 a 的直方图、MCV列表等)。
  • oproid:操作符OID(如 = 或 <>)。
  • other:非常量表达式(如另一列 b 或表达式 b + 1)。
  • negate:不等。

/*
 * var_eq_non_const --- eqsel for var = something-other-than-const case
 *
 * This is exported so that some other estimation functions can use it.
 */
double
var_eq_non_const(VariableStatData *vardata, Oid oproid, Oid collation,
				 Node *other,
				 bool varonleft, bool negate)
{
	double		selec;
	double		nullfrac = 0.0;
	bool		isdefault;

先拿到pg_statistic表对应的行。

	if (HeapTupleIsValid(vardata->statsTuple))
	{
		Form_pg_statistic stats;

		stats = (Form_pg_statistic) GETSTRUCT(vardata->statsTuple);
		nullfrac = stats->stanullfrac;
	}

	...

	else if (HeapTupleIsValid(vardata->statsTuple))
	{
		double		ndistinct;
		AttStatsSlot sslot;

基于统计信息估算:

  1. 计算非NULL值比例 1 - nullfrac。
  2. 通过 get_variable_numdistinct 获取变量不同值数量 ndistinct。
  3. 假设每个不同值均匀分布,选择率为 (1 - nullfrac) / ndistinct。
  4. 与MCV(最常见值)的最大频率比较,避免高估。
		selec = 1.0 - nullfrac;
		ndistinct = get_variable_numdistinct(vardata, &isdefault);

get_variable_numdistinct计算结果:5845167

  1. stadistinct = stats->stadistinct = -0.58516644 (来自pg_statistic表)
  2. stanullfrac = 0
  3. ntuples = vardata->rel->tuples = 10000001(来自relation结构,来自pg_class表)
  4. 计算结果:clamp_row_est(-stadistinct * ntuples = 5845167.024516644) = 5845167

get_variable_numdistinct计算方法总结:pg_statistic表的stadistinct中取得选择率 乘以 评估行数,等于评估出来多少个唯一值。stadistinct含义:stadistinct > 0表示该列中非空唯一值的实际数量。stadistinct < 0表示非空唯一值的数量占总行数的比例。stadistinct = 0表示无法确定该列的非空唯一值数量。

		if (ndistinct > 1)
			selec /= ndistinct;
	...
	...
	return selec;

计算得到选择率
selec = selec / ndistinct = 1 / 5845167 = 1.7108151058814915e-07

回到最初的行数评估函数get_parameterized_baserel_size中:

  • nrows = rel->tuples * clauselist_selectivity = 2
    • clauselist_selectivity = 1.7108151058814915e-07
    • rel->tuples = 10000001

总结:

  • pg_statistic记录的poid列唯一值个数占比-0.58516644
  • pg_class记录行数为10000001条,所以评估poid列的唯一值个数为10000001*0.58516644=5845167(实际9901001)。这里有一半的偏差,但不是主要原因。
  • 2行=10000001*1.71e-07,在一个均匀分布的数据集中,每一个唯一值出现的概率是1.71e-07。所以如果有1千万行数据,随便给一个poid,能选出来两行不一样的。
    • 如果唯一值非常少,那么选择率会变大,趋近于1,则10000001行=10000001*1。随便给一个poid,能选出来会非常多。
    • 如果唯一值非常多,那么选择率会变小,趋近于0,则0行=10000001*0。随便给一个poid,能选出来会非常少。
  • 评估两行但实际是100行的原因是,pg_statistic中stadistinct记录的连接条件poid列的唯一值。

create_index_path→cost_index计算参数化路径评估行数(从上一步的ParamPathInfo结果中取得)

  • cost_index中如果发现参数化路径,会从ParamPathInfo中取评估行数
  • 本例中path->path.param_info->ppi_rows=2。
  • ​​param_info存在表示当前索引扫描路径是参数化的,依赖外部循环(如嵌套循环连接的外层表)提供的参数值。
  • ​​行数估算​​:ppi_rows 表示参数化路径的预估行数,这是优化器根据外层表(如嵌套循环中的驱动表)的约束条件和连接关系动态调整的结果,比如ppi_rows=2表示,优化器评估外表每一条,内表有两条能连得上。
void
cost_index(IndexPath *path, PlannerInfo *root, double loop_count,
		   bool partial_path)
	...
	...
	if (path->path.param_info)
	{
		path->path.rows = path->path.param_info->ppi_rows;
		/* qpquals come from the rel's restriction clauses and ppi_clauses */
		qpquals = list_concat(extract_nonindex_conditions(path->indexinfo->indrestrictinfo,
														  path->indexclauses),
							  extract_nonindex_conditions(path->path.param_info->ppi_clauses,
														  path->indexclauses));
	}
	else
	{
		path->path.rows = baserel->rows;
		/* qpquals come from just the rel's restriction clauses */
		qpquals = extract_nonindex_conditions(path->indexinfo->indrestrictinfo,
											  path->indexclauses);
	}

	...
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包

打赏作者

高铭杰

你的鼓励将是我创作的最大动力

¥1 ¥2 ¥4 ¥6 ¥10 ¥20
扫码支付:¥1
获取中
扫码支付

您的余额不足,请更换扫码支付或充值

打赏作者

实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值