一、如何写入文件到硬盘I/O
首先了解下换行符在不同平台不一样 String line = System.lineSeparator();
if ("\r\n".equals(line)) {
System.out.println("windows");
} else if ("\n".equals(line)) {
System.out.println("Mac");
}else if ("\r".equals(line)) {
System.out.println("linux/unix");
}
1、FileOutputStream
public static void method2(String file, String conent) {
BufferedWriter out = null;
try {
out = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(
new FileOutputStream(file, true)));
out.write(conent+"\r\n");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
2、RandomAccessFile + NIO内存映射文件
public static void method3(String fileName, String content) {
try {
// 打开一个随机访问文件流，按读写方式
RandomAccessFile randomFile = new RandomAccessFile(fileName, "rw");
// 文件长度，字节数
long fileLength = randomFile.length();
// 将写文件指针移到文件尾。
randomFile.seek(fileLength);
randomFile.writeBytes(content+"\r\n");//不同平台的换行符不一样
randomFile.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
https://blog.csdn.net/jdsjlzx/article/details/51648044
RandomAccessFile的绝大多数功能，但不是全部，已经被JDK 1.4的NIO的”内存映射文件(memory-mapped files)”给取代了，你该考虑一下是不是用”内存映射文件”来代替RandomAccessFile了。
内存映射文件(memory-mapped file)能让你创建和修改那些大到无法读入内存的文件。
public class LargeMappedFiles {
static int length = 0x8000000; // 128 Mb
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
*// 为了以可读可写的方式打开文件，这里使用RandomAccessFile来创建文件。*
FileChannel fc = new RandomAccessFile("test.dat", "rw").getChannel();
*//注意，文件通道的可读可写要建立在文件流本身可读写的基础之上*
MappedByteBuffer out = fc.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, length);
*//写128M的内容*
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
out.put((byte) 'x');
}
System.out.println("Finished writing");
*//读取文件中间6个字节内容*
for (int i = length / 2; i < length / 2 + 6; i++) {
System.out.print((char) out.get(i));
}
fc.close();
}
}
3、FileWriter BufferedWriter PrintWriter
1、FileWriter
https://sunnylocus.iteye.com/blog/694666?page=2
/**
* 将信息记录到日志文件
* @param logFile 日志文件
* @param mesInfo 信息
* @throws IOException
*/
public void logMsg(File logFile,String mesInfo) throws IOException{
if(logFile == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("logFile can not be null!");
}
Writer txtWriter = new FileWriter(logFile,true);
txtWriter.write(dateFormat.format(new Date()) +"\t"+mesInfo+"\n");
txtWriter.flush();
}
2、BufferedWriter
try {
BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(logFile, true));
bw.write(logStr);
bw.write("\r\n");
bw.flush();
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(tag, "Write failure !!! " + e.toString());
}
https://blog.csdn.net/high2011/article/details/49620125
FileWriter fw=new FileWriter(“d:/x.log”,true);//true代表不覆盖文件的内容，而是紧跟着添加内容
BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(fw);
bw.writer(message); //message是String类型的参数
bw.close() ; //关闭流
fw.close(); //关闭流
区别：如果同时使用bw fw，那么性能会大大提高，而单独使用FileWriter操作字符，每写一次数据，磁盘就有一个写操作，性能很差。
如果加了缓冲，那么会等到缓冲满了以后才会有写操作，效率和性能都有很大提高。
3、PrintWriter
https://blog.csdn.net/flamezyg/article/details/5190796
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(“foo.out”)));
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out);
PrintWriter out
= new PrintWriter(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(“foo.out”)));
将缓冲 PrintWriter 对文件的输出。如果没有缓冲，则每次调用 print() 方法会导致将字符转换为字节，然后立即写入到文件，而这是极其低效的。
https://blog.csdn.net/qq1175421841/article/details/52411607
Socket编程中,尽量用PrintWriter取代BufferedWriter
-
PrintWriter的print、println方法可以接受任意类型的参数（字符，字节流），而BufferedWriter的write方法只能接受字符、字符数组和字符串；
-
PrintWriter的println方法自动添加换行，BufferedWriter需要显示调用newLine方法；
-
PrintWriter的方法不会抛异常，若关心异常，需要调用checkError方法看是否有异常发生；
-
PrintWriter构造方法可指定参数，实现自动刷新缓存（autoflush）；
-
PrintWriter的构造方法更广。
4、flush
不使用flush()
String s = “Hello World”;
try {
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out);
pw.write(s);
// pw.flush();
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
输出：
buffer没有满，输出为空。
使用flush()
String s = “Hello World”;
try {
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out);
pw.write(s);
pw.flush();
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
得到期望的输出结果。
5、close()和flush()作用有交集！
public static void main(String[] args) {
BufferedWriter fw =null;
try {
fw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(“e:\test.txt”));
fw.write(“wo shi lucky girl.”);
//fw.flush();
fw.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//fw.flush();这句有和无并不影响输出结果，不太明白词句是否必要？
因为close的时候，会把你没flush掉的一起flush掉。
缓冲区中的数据保存直到缓冲区满后才写出，也可以使用flush方法将缓冲区中的数据强制写出或使用close()方法关闭流，关闭流之前，缓冲输出流将缓冲区数据一次性写出。在这个例子中，flash()和close()都使数据强制写出，所以两种结果是一样的，如果都不写的话，会发现不能成功写出
6、Java默认缓冲区大小是多少？
默认缓冲去大小8192字节。
4、Java 各种文件writer 性能大比拼
http://ju.outofmemory.cn/entry/181638
Map File’s performance is the highest
-
RandomAccessFile with ByteBuffer:153600 test2.tmp spent time=508ms
-
RandomAccessFile with ByteBuffer:1048576 test3.tmp spent time=422ms
-
RandomAccessFile + with MappedByteBuffer and FileMap:104857600 test4.tmp spent time=110ms
-
DataOutputStream with BufferedOutputStream :153600 test5.tmp spent time=1103 ms
-
DataOutputStream without BufferedOutputStream :153600 test6.tmp spent time=680543 ms
-
PrintWriter/FileWriter with BufferedWriter:153600 test7.tmp spent time=2209 ms
-
PrintWriter/FileWriter without BufferedWriter:153600 test8.tmp spent time=2284 ms
-
PrintWriter/OutputStreamWriter with BufferedWriter:153600 test9.tmp spent time=1326 ms
-
PrintWriter/OutputStreamWriter without BufferedWriter:153600 test10.tmp spent time=2336 ms
最快代码
test3("test4.tmp", 1000000, 1024 * 1024 * 100);
RandomAccessFile raf1 = new RandomAccessFile(file, “rw”);
FileChannel fc = raf1.getChannel();
MappedByteBuffer raf = fc.map(MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, mapsize);
raf.clear();
// ByteBuffer raf = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(mapsize);
byte[] b1 = new byte[] { ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’, ‘e’, ‘f’, ‘g’, ‘h’ };
byte[] utfstr = “this is a test”.getBytes(“UTF-8”);
long s = System.nanoTime();
long count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
if (raf.remaining() < 140) {
System.out.println(“remap”);
count += raf.position();
raf = fc.map(MapMode.READ_WRITE, count, mapsize);
// raf = fc.map(MapMode.READ_WRITE, raf.position(),
// raf.position()+mapsize);
}
raf.put(b1);
raf.putInt(i);
raf.putInt(i + 1);
raf.put(utfstr);
raf.put((byte) ‘\n’);
}
fc.close();
raf1.close();
全部代码
public class TestAppendSpeed {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Raw RandomAccessFile
// it is too slow to comment it
// test1("test1.tmp",100000);
// nio ByteBuffer RandomAccessFile
test2("test2.tmp", 1000000, 1024 * 150);
// nio ByteBuffer RandomAccessFile, with big buffer
test2("test3.tmp", 1000000, 1024 * 1024);
// using map file with MappedByteBuffer
test3("test4.tmp", 1000000, 1024 * 1024 * 100);
// old io, BufferedOutputStream with BufferedOutputStream
test4("test5.tmp", 1000000, 1024 * 150);
// old io, BufferedOutputStream without BufferedOutputStream
// it is too slow to comment it
// test5("test6.tmp", 1000000, 1024 * 150);
// old io, PrintWriter/FileWriter with BufferedWriter
test6("test7.tmp", 1000000, 1024 * 150);
// old io, PrintWriter/FileWriter without BufferedWriter
test7("test8.tmp", 1000000, 1024 * 150);
// old io, PrintWriter/OutputStreamWriter without BufferedWriter
test8("test9.tmp", 1000000, 1024 * 150);
// old io, PrintWriter/FileWriter without BufferedWriter
test9("test10.tmp", 1000000, 1024 * 150);
}
public static void test9(String file, int loop, int mapsize)
throws Exception {
new File(file).delete();
PrintWriter raf = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(
new FileOutputStream(file, true)));
byte[] b1 = new byte[] { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h' };
byte[] utfstr = "this is a test".getBytes("UTF-8");
long s = System.nanoTime();
for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
raf.print(b1);
raf.print(i);
raf.print(i + 1);
raf.print(utfstr);
raf.print((byte) '\n');
}
raf.close();
long d = System.nanoTime() - s;
System.out
.println("PrintWriter/OutputStreamWriter without BufferedWriter:"
+ mapsize
+ " "
+ file
+ " spent time="
+ (d / 1000000)
+ " ms");
}
public static void test8(String file, int loop, int mapsize)
throws Exception {
new File(file).delete();
PrintWriter raf = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(
new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(file, true)),
mapsize));
byte[] b1 = new byte[] { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h' };
byte[] utfstr = "this is a test".getBytes("UTF-8");
long s = System.nanoTime();
for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
raf.print(b1);
raf.print(i);
raf.print(i + 1);
raf.print(utfstr);
raf.print((byte) '\n');
}
raf.close();
long d = System.nanoTime() - s;
System.out
.println("PrintWriter/OutputStreamWriter with BufferedWriter:"
+ mapsize + " " + file + " spent time=" + (d / 1000000)
+ " ms");
}
public static void test7(String file, int loop, int mapsize)
throws Exception {
new File(file).delete();
PrintWriter raf = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(file));
// output = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new
// FileOutputStream(file, true)));
byte[] b1 = new byte[] { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h' };
byte[] utfstr = "this is a test".getBytes("UTF-8");
long s = System.nanoTime();
for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
raf.print(b1);
raf.print(i);
raf.print(i + 1);
raf.print(utfstr);
raf.print((byte) '\n');
}
raf.close();
long d = System.nanoTime() - s;
System.out
.println("PrintWriter/FileWriter without BufferedWriter:"
+ mapsize + " " + file + " spent time=" + (d / 1000000)
+ " ms");
}
public static void test6(String file, int loop, int mapsize)
throws Exception {
new File(file).delete();
PrintWriter raf = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(
file), mapsize));
// output = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new
// FileOutputStream(file, true)));
byte[] b1 = new byte[] { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h' };
byte[] utfstr = "this is a test".getBytes("UTF-8");
long s = System.nanoTime();
for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
raf.print(b1);
raf.print(i);
raf.print(i + 1);
raf.print(utfstr);
raf.print((byte) '\n');
}
raf.close();
long d = System.nanoTime() - s;
System.out
.println("PrintWriter/FileWriter with BufferedWriter:"
+ mapsize + " " + file + " spent time=" + (d / 1000000)
+ " ms");
}
public static void test5(String file, int loop, int mapsize)
throws Exception {
new File(file).delete();
DataOutputStream raf = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(
new File(file), true));
byte[] b1 = new byte[] { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h' };
byte[] utfstr = "this is a test".getBytes("UTF-8");
long s = System.nanoTime();
for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
raf.write(b1);
raf.writeInt(i);
raf.writeInt(i + 1);
raf.write(utfstr);
raf.write((byte) '\n');
}
raf.close();
long d = System.nanoTime() - s;
System.out
.println(" DataOutputStream without BufferedOutputStream :"
+ mapsize + " " + file + " spent time=" + (d / 1000000)
+ " ms");
}
public static void test4(String file, int loop, int mapsize)
throws Exception {
new File(file).delete();
DataOutputStream raf = new DataOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(
new FileOutputStream(new File(file), true), mapsize));
byte[] b1 = new byte[] { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h' };
byte[] utfstr = "this is a test".getBytes("UTF-8");
long s = System.nanoTime();
for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
raf.write(b1);
raf.writeInt(i);
raf.writeInt(i + 1);
raf.write(utfstr);
raf.write((byte) '\n');
}
raf.close();
long d = System.nanoTime() - s;
System.out
.println(" DataOutputStream with BufferedOutputStream :"
+ mapsize + " " + file + " spent time=" + (d / 1000000)
+ " ms");
}
public static void test3(String file, int loop, int mapsize)
throws Exception {
new File(file).delete();
RandomAccessFile raf1 = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw");
FileChannel fc = raf1.getChannel();
MappedByteBuffer raf = fc.map(MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, mapsize);
raf.clear();
// ByteBuffer raf = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(mapsize);
byte[] b1 = new byte[] { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h' };
byte[] utfstr = "this is a test".getBytes("UTF-8");
long s = System.nanoTime();
long count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
if (raf.remaining() < 140) {
System.out.println("remap");
count += raf.position();
raf = fc.map(MapMode.READ_WRITE, count, mapsize);
// raf = fc.map(MapMode.READ_WRITE, raf.position(),
// raf.position()+mapsize);
}
raf.put(b1);
raf.putInt(i);
raf.putInt(i + 1);
raf.put(utfstr);
raf.put((byte) '\n');
}
fc.close();
raf1.close();
long d = System.nanoTime() - s;
System.out
.println("RandomAccessFile + with MappedByteBuffer and FileMap:"
+ mapsize
+ " "
+ file
+ " spent time="
+ (d / 1000000)
+ "ms");
}
public static void test2(String file, int loop, int mapsize)
throws Exception {
new File(file).delete();
RandomAccessFile raf1 = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw");
FileChannel fc = raf1.getChannel();
ByteBuffer raf = ByteBuffer.allocate(mapsize);
raf.clear();
// ByteBuffer raf = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(mapsize);
byte[] b1 = new byte[] { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h' };
byte[] utfstr = "this is a test".getBytes("UTF-8");
long s = System.nanoTime();
for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
raf.put(b1);
raf.putInt(i);
raf.putInt(i + 1);
raf.put(utfstr);
raf.put((byte) '\n');
if (raf.remaining() < 140) {
raf.flip();
fc.write(raf);
raf.compact();
}
}
raf.flip();
fc.write(raf);
fc.close();
raf1.close();
long d = System.nanoTime() - s;
System.out.println("RandomAccessFile with ByteBuffer:" + mapsize + " "
+ file + " spent time=" + (d / 1000000) + "ms");
}
public static void test1(String file, int loop) throws Exception {
new File(file).delete();
RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw");
byte[] b1 = new byte[] { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h' };
byte[] utfstr = "this is a test".getBytes("UTF-8");
long s = System.nanoTime();
for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
raf.write(b1);
raf.writeInt(i);
raf.writeInt(i + 1);
raf.write(utfstr);
raf.write('\n');
}
raf.close();
long d = System.nanoTime() - s;
System.out.println("RandomAccessFile without any buffer " + file
+ " spent time=" + (d / 1000000) + "ms");
}
}
二、管理多个日志文件，用实例
1、用实例
https://github.com/InnerNight/log-to-file/blob/master/app/src/main/java/com/liye/log/FileUtils.java
public void writeLogToFile(String logMessage) {
if (mCurrentLogFile == null || mCurrentLogFile.length() >= LOG_FILE_MAX_SIZE) {
mCurrentLogFile = getNewLogFile();
}
FileUtils.writeToFile(logMessage, mCurrentLogFile.getPath());
}
public static void writeToFile(String content, String filePath) {
FileWriter fileWriter = null;
try {
//fileWriter = new FileWriter(filePath, true);
PrintWriter fileWriter = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(filePath,true)));
fileWriter.write(content);
fileWriter.flush();
} catch (Throwable t) {
t.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (fileWriter != null) {
try {
fileWriter.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
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