SQL Server 2005 中的树形数据处理示例

-- 创建测试数据
if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[tb]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') = 1)
       drop table [tb]
GO

-- 示例数据
create table [tb]([id] int PRIMARY KEY,[pid] int,name nvarchar(20))
INSERT [tb] SELECT     1,0,N'中国'
UNION     ALL     SELECT     2,0,N'美国'
UNION     ALL     SELECT     3,0,N'加拿大'
UNION     ALL     SELECT     4,1,N'北京'
UNION     ALL     SELECT     5,1,N'上海'
UNION     ALL     SELECT     6,1,N'江苏'
UNION     ALL     SELECT     7,6,N'苏州'
UNION     ALL     SELECT     8,7,N'常熟'
UNION     ALL     SELECT     9,6,N'南京'
UNION     ALL     SELECT 10,6,N'无锡'
UNION     ALL     SELECT 11,2,N'纽约'
UNION     ALL     SELECT 12,2,N'旧金山'
GO

-- 查询指定id的所有子
if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[f_cid]') and xtype in (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF'))
drop function [dbo].[f_cid]
GO
-- =====================================================
-- 查询指定id的所有子
-- 邹建 2005-07(引用请保留此信息)

-- 调用示例

/*--调用(查询所有的子)
       SELECT A.*,层次=B.[level]
       FROM [tb] A,f_cid(2)B
       WHERE A.[id]=B.[id]
--*/
-- =====================================================
CREATE FUNCTION f_cid(@id int)
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN(
       WITH ctb([id],[level])
       AS(
           SELECT [id],1 FROM [tb]
           WHERE [pid]=@id
           UNION ALL
           SELECT A.[id],B.[level]+1
           FROM [tb] A,ctb B
           WHERE A.[pid]=B.[id])
       SELECT * FROM ctb
       --如果只显示最明细的子(下面没有子),则将上面这句改为下面的
--       SELECT * FROM ctb A
--       WHERE NOT EXISTS(
--           SELECT 1 FROM [tb] WHERE [pid]=A.[id])
)
GO

--调用(查询所有的子)
SELECT A.*,层次=B.[level]
FROM [tb] A,f_cid(2)B
WHERE A.[id]=B.[id]
GO

-- 查询指定id的所有父
if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[f_pid]') and xtype in (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF'))
drop function [dbo].[f_pid]
GO
-- =====================================================
-- 查询指定id的所有父
-- 邹建 2005-07(引用请保留此信息)

-- 调用示例

/*--调用(查询所有的父)
       SELECT A.*,层次=B.[level]
       FROM [tb] A,[f_pid](2)B
       WHERE A.[id]=B.[id]
--*/
-- =====================================================
CREATE FUNCTION [f_pid](@id int)
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN(
       WITH ptb([id],[level])
       AS(
           SELECT [pid],1 FROM [tb]
           WHERE [id]=@id
               AND [pid]<>0
           UNION ALL
           SELECT A.[pid],B.[level]+1
           FROM [tb] A,ptb B
           WHERE A.[id]=B.[id]
               AND [pid]<>0)
       SELECT * FROM ptb
)
GO

--调用(查询所有的父)
SELECT A.*,层次=B.[level]
FROM [tb] A,[f_pid](7)B
WHERE A.[id]=B.[id]
GO

-- 树形分级显示

if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[f_id]') and xtype in (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF'))
       drop function [dbo].[f_id]
GO
-- =====================================================
-- 级别及排序字段(树形分级显示)
-- 邹建 2005-07(引用请保留此信息)

-- 调用示例

/*--调用实现树形显示

       --调用函数实现分级显示
       SELECT N'|'+REPLICATE('-',B.[level]*4)+A.name
       FROM [tb] A,f_id()B
       WHERE a.[id]=b.[id]
       ORDER BY b.sid

       --当然,这个也可以根本不用写函数,直接排序即可
       WITH stb([id],[level],[sid])
       AS(
           SELECT [id],1,CAST(RIGHT(10000+[id],4) as varchar(8000))
           FROM [tb]
           WHERE [pid]=0
           UNION ALL
           SELECT A.[id],B.[level]+1,B.sid+RIGHT(10000+A.[id],4)
           FROM [tb] A,stb B
           WHERE A.[pid]=B.[id])
       SELECT N'|'+REPLICATE('-',B.[level]*4)+A.name
       FROM [tb] A,stb B
       WHERE a.[id]=b.[id]
       ORDER BY b.sid    
--*/
-- =====================================================
CREATE FUNCTION f_id()
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN(
       WITH stb([id],[level],[sid])
       AS(
           SELECT [id],1,CAST(RIGHT(10000+[id],4) as varchar(8000))
           FROM [tb]
           WHERE [pid]=0
           UNION ALL
           SELECT A.[id],B.[level]+1,B.sid+RIGHT(10000+A.[id],4)
           FROM [tb] A,stb B
           WHERE A.[pid]=B.[id])
       SELECT * FROM stb
)
GO

--调用函数实现分级显示
SELECT N'|'+REPLICATE('-',B.[level]*4)+A.name
FROM [tb] A,f_id()B
WHERE a.[id]=b.[id]
ORDER BY b.sid
GO

-- =====================================================
-- 直接查询的应用实例
-- =====================================================

-- 1. 每个叶子结点的 FullName
WITH stb([id],[FullName],[pid],[flag])
AS(
       SELECT [id],CAST(RTRIM([name]) as nvarchar(4000)),[pid],1
       FROM [tb] A
       WHERE NOT EXISTS(
           SELECT 1 FROM [tb]
           WHERE [pid]=A.[id])
       UNION ALL
       SELECT A.[id],RTRIM(B.[name])+'/'+A.[FullName],B.[pid],A.flag+1
       FROM stb A,[tb] B
       WHERE A.[pid]=B.[id])
SELECT [id],[FullName] FROM stb A
WHERE NOT EXISTS(
       SELECT * FROM stb
       WHERE [id]=A.[id]
           AND flag>A.flag)
ORDER BY [id]
GO

-- 2. 每个结点的 FullName
WITH stb([id],[FullName],[pid],[flag])
AS(
       SELECT [id],CAST(RTRIM([name]) as nvarchar(4000)),[pid],1
       FROM [tb]
       UNION ALL
       SELECT A.[id],RTRIM(B.[name])+'/'+A.[FullName],B.[pid],A.flag+1
       FROM stb A,[tb] B
       WHERE A.[pid]=B.[id])
SELECT [id],[FullName] FROM stb A
WHERE NOT EXISTS(
       SELECT * FROM stb
       WHERE [id]=A.[id]
           AND flag>A.flag)
ORDER BY [id]
GO

-- 3. 树形显示数据
WITH stb([id],[level],[sid])
AS(
       SELECT [id],1,CAST(RIGHT(10000+[id],4) as varchar(8000))
       FROM [tb]
       WHERE [pid]=0
       UNION ALL
       SELECT A.[id],B.[level]+1,B.sid+RIGHT(10000+A.[id],4)
       FROM [tb] A,stb B
       WHERE A.[pid]=B.[id])
SELECT N'|'+REPLICATE('-',B.[level]*4)+A.name
FROM [tb] A,stb B
WHERE a.[id]=b.[id]
ORDER BY b.sid    
GO

-- 4. 检查不规范的数据
WITH chktb([id],[pid],[level],[Path],[Flag])
AS(
       SELECT [id],[pid],1,
           CAST([id] as varchar(8000)),
           CASE WHEN [id]=[pid] THEN 1 ELSE 0 END
       FROM [tb]
       UNION ALL
       SELECT A.[id],B.[pid],B.[level]+1,
           CAST(B.[Path]+' > '+RTRIM(A.[id]) as varchar(8000)),
           CASE WHEN A.[id]=B.[pid] THEN 1 ELSE 0 END
       FROM [tb] A,chktb B
       WHERE A.[pid]=B.[id]
           AND B.[Flag]=0)
SELECT * FROM chktb
WHERE [Flag]=1
ORDER BY [Path]    
GO

-- 5. 查询结点的所有子结点数
WITH sumtb([id],[level])
AS(
       SELECT [pid],1
       FROM [tb] A
       WHERE [pid]<>0
       UNION ALL
       SELECT A.[pid],B.[level]+1
       FROM [tb] A,sumtb B
       WHERE A.[id]=B.[id]
           AND A.[pid]<>0)
SELECT A.[id],ChildCounts=COUNT(b.[id])
FROM [tb] A
       LEFT JOIN sumtb B
           ON A.[id]=B.[id]
GROUP BY A.[id]
GO

-- 6. 查询结点的所有父结点数
WITH sumtb([id],[level],[ParentCounts])
AS(
       SELECT [id],1,0
       FROM [tb] A
       WHERE [pid]=0
       UNION ALL
       SELECT A.[id],B.[level]+1,B.[ParentCounts]+1
       FROM [tb] A,sumtb B
       WHERE A.[pid]=B.[id])
SELECT * FROM sumtb
order by [ID]
GO