android代码实现app升级

android 在APP需要更新的时候是如何更新的呢？
升级分为普通升级和增量升级，增量升级是差分升级，类似于把补丁，把新的特性的文件下载到客户端，在在客户端上进行组装，而不需要把整个安装包重新下载到客户端，减少流量的传输；
普通升级就是把整个apk文件下载到客户端安装，替换掉旧的app应用

1. 如何区分app版本需要升级？   
谷歌建议我们使用android清单文件里面的配置区分：  
    <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.test1"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" > 
versionCode用于我们app的版本区分，而versionName则用于显示给用户，用户查看版本

2. 区分版本需要升级后，如何下载新版本文件？
开启一个后台服务Service，使用http协议下载新版本apk，这里需要注意两点：(1)版本下载需要在service里面开启新的线程下载，防止下载任务占用时间太长造成anr(2)下载的apk要保存到sdk上，不能存在内存中占用资源，防止内存溢出

下面是具体的升级步骤：
1. 创建一个全局类，里面新建一些全局变量，主要包含以下：

        local_version = getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(getPackageName() ,0).versionCode;        //读取清单文件中的versionCode
        service_version = 从服务器上获取版本 
        downloadURL = "***";

2. 在Activity中进行版本检测，local_version < service_version，则提示用户进行下载

    AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
        builder.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
               .setTitle("新版本提示")
               .setMessage("是否需要更新")
               .setNegativeButton("确定", new android.content.DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){

                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface arg0, int arg1) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                    Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,UpdateService.class);
                    startService(intent);
                }

               })
            .setNegativeButton("取消", null).show();

3. apk下载任务后台service执行，消息栏实时通知下载进度，开启新线程下载，并且存包于sd卡；handler用于下载任务完成后通知安装

    public class UpdateService extends Service{


    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    public Handler hander = new Handler(){

        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            switch(msg.what){

                case 0:     //下载失败
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "下载失败...", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    break;
                case 1:     //下载成功  提示安装
                    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
                    intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), "application/vnd.android.package_archive");
                    startActivity(intent);
                    break;
            }
        }

    };

    private File file;
    private String filename = "new.apk";
    private NotificationManager notiManager;
    private Notification notification;
    private PendingIntent pIntent;

    //检查是否有sd卡，并配置好存储的文件和通知
    public void preDownload(){
        //初始化通知
        notiManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        notification = new Notification();
        Intent intent = new Intent(this,MainActivity.class);
        pIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent, 0);
        notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, "下载中...", "0%", pIntent);
        notiManager.notify(1, notification);

        //sd卡是否可写
        try {
            if(android.os.Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageState())){
                file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),filename);
                if(!file.exists()){
                    file.createNewFile();
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //开启线程下载
        new Thread(new UpdateTask(file)).start();
    }

    private class UpdateTask implements Runnable{
        private File f;
        Message msg;
        public UpdateTask(File f){
            this.f = f;
            msg = new Message();
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            HttpURLConnection httpConnection = null;
            FileOutputStream os = null;
            try {

                msg.what = 1;           //1  == download success  0 == download failed

                //网络下载
                URL url = new URL("www.baidu.com");
                httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                httpConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
                httpConnection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                if(httpConnection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){
                    InputStream in = httpConnection.getInputStream();
                    os = new FileOutputStream(f);
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                    int currCount = 0;
                    int count = 0;
                    int totalcount = httpConnection.getContentLength();
                    while((count = in.read(buffer)) != -1){
                        int countRate = 0;
                        os.write(buffer, 0, count);
                        currCount += count;

                        //实时消息栏显示下载进度  每增加10%显示一次，防止显示过快占用显示资源
                        if((currCount*100)/totalcount > countRate || countRate == 0){
                            countRate += 10;
                            notification.setLatestEventInfo(UpdateService.this, "下载中...", countRate+"%", pIntent);
                            notiManager.notify(1, notification);
                        }
                    }
                    msg.what = 1;   
                }else
                    msg.what = 0;           //失败    
            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
                msg.what = 0;   
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
                msg.what = 0;   
            }finally{

                if(os != null){
                    try {
                        os = null;
                        os.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }

                if(httpConnection != null){
                    httpConnection = null;
                    httpConnection.disconnect();
                }

                hander.sendMessage(msg);
            }


        }

    }

}