前端面试之vue篇

1、简述vue2.0+的基本原理

延伸：

vue2	vue3
defineProperty	proxy
需要做递归去添加对象每个属性的setter和getter	可以直接监听对象的变化
需要对数组操作做单独适配	兼容性不好

2、vue的生命周期

3、vuex的原理
参考这篇文章 https://www.jianshu.com/p/d95a7b8afa06
写的很清晰，也容易理解。
4、vue父子组件通信
参考下面的文章：
https://blog.csdn.net/wy6250000/article/details/83793400
5、vue eventbus
看看源码：

Vue.prototype.$on = function (event, fn) {
      var vm = this;
      if (Array.isArray(event)) {
        for (var i = 0, l = event.length; i < l; i++) {
          vm.$on(event[i], fn);
        }
      } else {
        (vm._events[event] || (vm._events[event] = [])).push(fn);
        // optimize hook:event cost by using a boolean flag marked at registration
        // instead of a hash lookup
        if (hookRE.test(event)) {
          vm._hasHookEvent = true;
        }
      }
      return vm
    };

把方法添加到对应的事件队列

Vue.prototype.$emit = function (event) {
      var vm = this;
      {
        var lowerCaseEvent = event.toLowerCase();
        if (lowerCaseEvent !== event && vm._events[lowerCaseEvent]) {
          tip(
            "Event \"" + lowerCaseEvent + "\" is emitted in component " +
            (formatComponentName(vm)) + " but the handler is registered for \"" + event + "\". " +
            "Note that HTML attributes are case-insensitive and you cannot use " +
            "v-on to listen to camelCase events when using in-DOM templates. " +
            "You should probably use \"" + (hyphenate(event)) + "\" instead of \"" + event + "\"."
          );
        }
      }
      var cbs = vm._events[event];
      if (cbs) {
        cbs = cbs.length > 1 ? toArray(cbs) : cbs;
        var args = toArray(arguments, 1);
        var info = "event handler for \"" + event + "\"";
        for (var i = 0, l = cbs.length; i < l; i++) {
          invokeWithErrorHandling(cbs[i], vm, args, vm, info);
        }
      }
      return vm
    };

emit触发的时候，找到对应的event队列，去挨个调用里面的fn

6、vue中对数组是如何劫持的

因为defineProperty只能劫持对象的getter和setter，所以vue在对数组的操作中做了以下处理，利用修改Array.prototype, 对数组各个操作方法加上notify()去通知watcher用以更新视图。

const arrayProto = Array.prototype//原生Array的原型
export const arrayMethods = Object.create(arrayProto);
[
  'push',
  'pop',
  'shift',
  'unshift',
  'splice',
  'sort',
  'reverse'
].forEach(function (method) {
  const original = arrayProto[method]//缓存元素数组原型
  //这里重写了数组的几个原型方法
  def(arrayMethods, method, function mutator () {
    //这里备份一份参数应该是从性能方面的考虑
    let i = arguments.length
    const args = new Array(i)
    while (i--) {
      args[i] = arguments[i]
    }
    const result = original.apply(this, args)//原始方法求值
    const ob = this.__ob__//这里this.__ob__指向的是数据的Observer
    let inserted
    switch (method) {
      case 'push':
        inserted = args
        break
      case 'unshift':
        inserted = args
        break
      case 'splice':
        inserted = args.slice(2)
        break
    }
    if (inserted) ob.observeArray(inserted)
    // notify change
    ob.dep.notify()
    return result
  })
})

//定义属性
function def (obj, key, val, enumerable) {
  Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
    value: val,
    enumerable: !!enumerable,
    writable: true,
    configurable: true
  });
}