MyBatis 框架使用(一)
mybatis3官网链接:https://mybatis.org/mybatis-3/zh/index.html
1、MyBatis 简介
MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架,它支持自定义 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。
MyBatis 免除了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码以及设置参数和获取结果集的工作。
MyBatis 可以通过简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原始类型、接口和 Java POJO(Plain Old Java Objects,普通老式 Java 对象)为数据库中的记录。
2、MyBatis 入门
2.1 通过Maven 构建项目,则需将下面的依赖代码置于 pom.xml 文件中:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>x.x.x</version>
</dependency>
可通过mybatis maven该链接寻找需要的mybatis的版本
操作数据库还需要添加数据库驱动的依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.22</version>
</dependency>
2.2 在maven
项目的resource/
目录下创建mybatis-config.xml
配置文件
mybatis-config.xml
配置文件中包含了对 MyBatis 系统的核心设置,包括获取数据库连接实例的数据源(DataSource)以及决定事务作用域和控制方式的事务管理器(TransactionManager)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/sxy/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
2.3 创建一个SqlSessionFactory
的实例工具类MybatisUtils.java
每个基于 MyBatis 的应用都是以一个 SqlSessionFactory 的实例为核心的。
SqlSessionFactory 的实例可以通过 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 获得。而 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 则可以从 XML 配置文件或一个预先配置的 Configuration 实例来构建出 SqlSessionFactory 实例。
public class MybatisUtils {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
try {
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
}
3、创建test
数据库,根据数据表创建实体类
3.1 test.sql
数据库文件
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`password` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=9 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('1', '张三', 'admin');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('2', '李思', '123');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('3', '测试', '1234');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('4', '斯卡', '123');
3.2 根据user
表创建对应的实体类User.java
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
//省略getter,setter、无参构造、有参构造、toSring方法
}
4、创建映射器接口类和XML 映射语句
4.1 UserMapper.java
public interface UserMapper {
//查询全部用户
List<User> selectUser();
}
4.2 UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.sxy.dao.UserMapper">
<select id="selectUser" resultType="com.sxy.entity.User">
select * from user
</select>
</mapper>
注:xml文件中select标签中的id与上述UserMapper接口中的方法名一一对应
5、创建UserDaoTest
测试类进行测试
public class UserDaoTest {
/**
* 查询全部用户
*/
@Test
public void selectUser() {
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> users = mapper.selectUser();
for (User user : users) {
System.out.println(user);
}
sqlSession.close();
}
6、demo
目录结构及CRUD
完整代码
6.1 demo
目录结构
6.2 CRUD
操作完整代码
6.2.1 pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<groupId>com.sxy.mybatis</groupId>
<version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>demo01</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--mybatis-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.22</version>
</dependency>
<!--单元测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!--找不到.xml文件配置-->
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
</project>
6.2.2 mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/sxy/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
6.2.3 User.java
package com.sxy.entity;
/**
* @author sxy
* @version 1.0
* @date 2021/1/12 21:35
*/
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
public User() {
}
public User(Integer id, String username, String password) {
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
6.2.4 MybatisUtils.java
package com.sxy.utils;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
* @author sxy
* @version 1.0
* @date 2021/1/12 21:49
*/
public class MybatisUtils {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
try {
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
}
6.2.5 UserMapper.java
package com.sxy.dao;
import com.sxy.entity.User;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author sxy
* @version 1.0
* @date 2021/1/12 21:34
*/
public interface UserMapper {
List<User> selectUser();
User selectUserById(int id);
int insertUser(User user);
int updateUser(User user);
int deleteUser(int id);
}
6.2.6 UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.sxy.dao.UserMapper">
<select id="selectUser" resultType="com.sxy.entity.User">
select * from user
</select>
<select id="selectUserById" resultType="com.sxy.entity.User" parameterType="int">
select * from user where id=#{id}
</select>
<insert id="insertUser" parameterType="com.sxy.entity.User">
insert into user(id,username,password) values (#{id},#{username},#{password})
</insert>
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.sxy.entity.User">
update user set username = #{username},password = #{password} where id=#{id}
</update>
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
delete from user where id=#{id}
</delete>
</mapper>
6.2.7 UserDaoTest.java
package com.sxy.dao;
import com.sxy.entity.User;
import com.sxy.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author sxy
* @version 1.0
* @date 2021/1/12 21:44
*/
public class UserDaoTest {
/**
* 查询全部用户
*/
@Test
public void selectUser() {
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> users = mapper.selectUser();
for (User user : users) {
System.out.println(user);
}
sqlSession.close();
}
/**
* 根据id查询用户
*/
@Test
public void selectUserById() {
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User user = mapper.selectUserById(1);
System.out.println(user);
sqlSession.close();
}
//对于增删改操作需要 提交事务
/**
* 新增用户
*/
@Test
public void insetUser() {
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int result = mapper.insertUser(new User(5, "测试1", "123456"));
if (result > 0) {
System.out.println("插入成功!!");
} else {
System.out.println("插入失败!!!");
}
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
/**
* 更新用户信息
*/
@Test
public void updateUser() {
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int result = mapper.updateUser(new User(2, "王芳", "123789"));
if (result > 0) {
System.out.println("更新成功!!");
} else {
System.out.println("更新失败!!!");
}
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
/**
* 删除用户
*/
@Test
public void deleteUser() {
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int result = mapper.deleteUser(1);
if (result > 0) {
System.out.println("删除成功!!");
} else {
System.out.println("删除失败!!!");
}
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
}