地址:http://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/510/B
Fox Ciel is playing a mobile puzzle game called "Two Dots". The basic levels are played on a board of size n × m cells, like this:
Each cell contains a dot that has some color. We will use different uppercase Latin characters to express different colors.
The key of this game is to find a cycle that contain dots of same color. Consider 4 blue dots on the picture forming a circle as an example. Formally, we call a sequence of dots d1, d2, ..., dk a cycle if and only if it meets the following condition:
- These k dots are different: if i ≠ j then di is different from dj.
- k is at least 4.
- All dots belong to the same color.
- For all 1 ≤ i ≤ k - 1: di and di + 1 are adjacent. Also, dk and d1 should also be adjacent. Cells x and y are called adjacent if they share an edge.
Determine if there exists a cycle on the field.
The first line contains two integers n and m (2 ≤ n, m ≤ 50): the number of rows and columns of the board.
Then n lines follow, each line contains a string consisting of m characters, expressing colors of dots in each line. Each character is an uppercase Latin letter.
Output "Yes" if there exists a cycle, and "No" otherwise.
3 4 AAAA ABCA AAAA
Yes
3 4 AAAA ABCA AADA
No
4 4 YYYR BYBY BBBY BBBY
Yes
7 6 AAAAAB ABBBAB ABAAAB ABABBB ABAAAB ABBBAB AAAAAB
Yes
2 13 ABCDEFGHIJKLM NOPQRSTUVWXYZ
No
In first sample test all 'A' form a cycle.
In second sample there is no such cycle.
The third sample is displayed on the picture above ('Y' = Yellow, 'B' = Blue, 'R' = Red).
题意:给你一张字母图,判断其中存在某种字母成环。
解题思路:DFS,成环,最终又得回到起点,但是有一种不行(从第一个字母@搜到第二个字母@,而第二个字母@又搜到了第一个字母@,不成环,不符合题意)。那么这里我们多加两个参数,来记载当前节点的父节点(上一个字母),当你扫下一个方向时,扫到父节点,那么就跳过,扫下一个方向,如果你找到了你曾经走过的点,那么一定成环了。不回头查找
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
char a[55][55];
int vis[55][55];
int fx[4]={0,0,1,-1};
int fy[4]={1,-1,0,0};
int n,m,ans;
void dfs(int x,int y,int prex,int prey )//fx,fy为父节点 即上一个查找点
{
if(vis[x][y])
{
ans=1;
return ;
}
vis[x][y]=1; //每经过一个点 均标记为 1 直到下一个点为 1 即回路
int nx,ny;
for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
{
nx=x+fx[i];
ny=y+fy[i];
if(nx==prex&&ny==prey)//遇到上一个点 因为不能回头 所以继续左右查找
continue;
if(a[nx][ny]==a[x][y])//找到此点 以此点为初始点 继续查找
dfs(nx,ny,x,y);
}
}
int main()
{
while(~scanf("%d %d",&n,&m))
{
ans=0;
memset(vis,0,sizeof(vis));
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%s",a[i]);
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<m;j++)
{
if(!vis[i][j])//遍历没走过的点
dfs(i,j,i,j);
if(ans) //找到环 跳出
break;
}
if(ans) //接着跳出
break;
}
// printf("%s\n",ans?"Yes":"No");//大佬的高级用法
if(ans)
printf("Yes\n");
else
printf("No\n");
}
}