Java多线程之并发锁

完整版见 https://jadyer.github.io/

这是自JDK5.0开始提供的Java并发包里面的类

下面是关于Java并发锁的测试代码

package com.jadyer.thread.lock;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * LockTest
 * @author 宏宇
 * @create Mar 1, 2012 7:12:04 PM
 */
public class LockTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		FoodCenter fc = new FoodCenter();
		new Thread(new ThreadDog(fc, "It is dog`s food")).start();
		new Thread(new ThreadPig(fc, "It is pig`s food")).start();
	}
}


class ThreadDog implements Runnable{
	private FoodCenter fc;
	private String foodname;
	public ThreadDog(FoodCenter fc, String foodname){
		this.fc = fc;
		this.foodname = foodname;
	}
	@Override
	public void run() {
		while(true){
			try {
				Thread.sleep(1000);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			fc.getFood(foodname);
		}
	}
}


class ThreadPig implements Runnable{
	private FoodCenter fc;
	private String foodname;
	public ThreadPig(FoodCenter fc, String foodname){
		this.fc = fc;
		this.foodname = foodname;
	}
	@Override
	public void run() {
		while(true){
			try {
				Thread.sleep(2000);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			fc.getFood(foodname);
		}
	}
}


/**
 * @see =========================================================================================
 * @see java.util.concurrent是JDK5.0开始提供的Java并发包，其子包locks是专门用于处理线程锁的
 * @see java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock较synchronized关键字比，有一个最大的区别，那就是
 * @see Lock可以比synchronized更细粒度的控制锁，体现在try{...}finally{mylock.unlock();}
 * @see =========================================================================================
 * @see Lock有点像公共厕所的门闩，只有正在使用厕所的人，把门闩打开出来了，其它人才可以使用公厕
 * @see Lock比传统线程模型中的synchronized方式更加面向对象。与生活中的锁类似，锁本身也应该是一个对象
 * @see 两个线程执行的代码片段要实现同步互斥的效果，那么这两个线程所使用的必须是同一个Lock对象
 * @see 并且，锁应该位于待操作的资源类的内部方法中，而非线程代码中
 * @see =========================================================================================
 */
class FoodCenter {
	Lock mylock = new ReentrantLock(); //创建一个锁
	public void getFood(String name) {
		int len = name.length();
		mylock.lock(); //上锁
		try {
			for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
				System.out.print(name.charAt(i));
			}
			System.out.println();
		} finally {
			mylock.unlock(); //解锁
		}
	}
}

下面是关于Java读写锁的测试代码

package com.jadyer.thread.lock;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;

/**
 * Java读写锁
 * @see 锁分为读锁和写锁。多个读锁不互斥。读锁与写锁互斥。写锁与写锁互斥。这是由JVM自己控制的
 * @see 如果代码只读数据，可以很多人同时读，但不能同时写，那就上读锁
 * @see 如果代码修改数据，并且不允许同时读，只能一个人写，那就上写锁
 * @see 总之：读的时候上读锁，写的时候上写锁
 */
public class ReadWriteLockDemo{
	private Object myData = null;//共享数据，只能有一个线程能写该数据，但可以有多个线程同时读该数据
	ReadWriteLock rwl = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();

	public void get() {
		rwl.readLock().lock(); //读锁
		try {
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " be ready to read data");
			Thread.sleep((long) (Math.random() * 1000));
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " have read data : " + myData);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			rwl.readLock().unlock();
		}
	}

	public void put(Object data) {
		rwl.writeLock().lock(); //写锁
		try {
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " be ready to write data");
			Thread.sleep((long) (Math.random() * 1000));
			this.myData = data;
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " have write data : " + myData);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			rwl.writeLock().unlock();
		}
	}
}