linux网络编程三：recv, send 的调用

最近在看《linux高性能服务器编程》，在此做个日记，以激励自己，同时分享于有需要的朋友。

#include <sys/types.h>

#include <sys/socket.h>

ssize_t recv(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t len, int flags);

ssize_t send(int sockfd, const void *buf, size_t len, int flags);

1. recv读取socfd 上的数据， buf和len参数分别指定读缓冲区的位置和大小，flags参数通常设置为0,它为数据收发提供了额处的控制，比如MSG_OOB，用于发送或接收紧急数据，具体可查阅手册。

调用成功时返回实际读取到的数据长度，它可能小于我们期望的长度len。因此我们可能要多次调用 recv 才能读取完整 的数据。它也可能返回0, 意味着通信对方关闭了连接。出错时返回-1,并设置errno。

2. send往sockfd写入数据，buf和len参数分别指定写缓冲区的位置和大小。

调用成功时返回实际写入的数据长度，失败时返回-1,并设置errno。

//客户端代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>


int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	if (argc != 3) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s ip port\n", basename(argv[0]));
		return 1;
	}
	
	const char *ip = argv[1];
	int port = atoi(argv[2]);
	
	struct sockaddr_in server_address;
	bzero(&server_address, sizeof(server_address));
	server_address.sin_family = AF_INET;
	server_address.sin_port = htons(port);
	inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &server_address.sin_addr);
	
	int sockfd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	assert(sockfd >= 0);
	
	if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_address, sizeof(server_address)) < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "connection failed\n");
	}
	else {
		fprintf(stderr, "send oob data out\n");
	
		const char *oob_data = "abc";
		const char *normal_data = "123";
		
		send(sockfd, normal_data, strlen(normal_data), 0);
		send(sockfd, oob_data, strlen(oob_data), MSG_OOB); //发送外带紧急数据
		send(sockfd, normal_data, strlen(normal_data), 0);
	
	}
	
	close(sockfd);
	
	return 0;
}

//服务端代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>

#define BUF_SIZE 1024

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	if(argc != 3) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s ip port\n", basename(argv[0]));
		return 1;
	}
	
	const char *ip = argv[1];
	int port = atoi(argv[2]);
	
	struct sockaddr_in address;
	bzero(&address, sizeof(address));
	address.sin_family = AF_INET;
	address.sin_port = htons(port);
	inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &address.sin_addr);
	
	int sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	assert(sock >= 0);
	
	int reuse = 1;
	setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &reuse, sizof(reuse));
	
	int ret = bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&address, sizeof(address));
	assert(ret != -1);
	
	ret = listen(sock, 5);
	assert(ret != -1);
	
	struct sockaddr_in client;
	socklen_t client_addrlength = sizeof(client);
	
	int connfd = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&client, &client_addrlength);
	if (connfd < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "errno is:%s\n", strerror(errno));
	}
	else {
		char buffer[BUF_SIZE];
		
		memset(buffer, '\0', BUF_SIZE);
		ret = recv(connfd, buffer, BUF_SIZE-1, 0);
		fprintf(stderr, "got %d bytes of normal data '%s'\n", ret, buffer);
		
		memset(buffer, '\0', BUF_SIZE);
		ret = recv(connfd, buffer, BUF_SIZE-1, MSG_OOB);  //接收外带紧急数据
		fprintf(stderr, "got %d bytes of oob data '%s'\n", ret, buffer);
		
		memset(buffer, '\0', BUF_SIZE);
		ret = recv(connfd, buffer, BUF_SIZE-1, 0);
		fprintf(stderr, "got %d bytes of normal data '%s'\n", ret, buffer);
		
		close(connfd);
	}
	
	close(sock);
	
	return 0;
}