python学习笔记四——把函数当作对象

4.把函数当作对象

4.1闭包

#计算移动平均值
def make_averager():
    count = 0
    total = 0
    
    def averager(new_value):
        nonlocal count, total
        count += 1
        total += new_value
        return total / count 
    return averager
#test
ave = make_averager()
ave(10)
ave(20)

4.2装饰器

#一个简单的装饰器，支持处理关键字参数

import time
​
DEFAULT_FMT = '[{elasped:0.8f}s] {name} {name}({args}) -> {result}'
​
def clock(fmt=DEFAULT_FMT):
    def decorate(func):
        def clocked(*_args):
            t0 = time.time()
            _result = func(*_args)
            elasped = time.time() - t0
            name = func.__name__
            args = ', '.join(repr(arg) for arg in _args)
            result = repr(_result)
            print(fmt.format(**locals()))
            return _result