1. 示例代码
接下来,以一段代码来解释Integer的装箱与拆箱
public class IntegerTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//装箱
Integer obj=1;
//拆箱
int result=obj*2;
//不在-128~127之间,结果为false
Integer a=200;
Integer b=200;
System.out.println(a==b);
//在-128~127之间,结果为true
Integer c=100;
Integer d=100;
System.out.println(c==d);
}
}
然后对这段代码进行编译和反编译:
javac IntegerTest.java
javap -c IntegerTest
反编译结果为:
Compiled from "IntegerTest.java"
public class grammer.integer_test.IntegerTest {
public grammer.integer_test.IntegerTest();
Code:
0: aload_0
1: invokespecial #1 // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
4: return
public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
Code:
0: iconst_1
1: invokestatic #7 // Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/Integer;
4: astore_1
5: aload_1
6: invokevirtual #13 // Method java/lang/Integer.intValue:()I
9: iconst_2
10: imul
11: istore_2
12: sipush 200
15: invokestatic #7 // Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/Integer;
18: astore_3
19: sipush 200
22: invokestatic #7 // Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/Integer;
25: astore 4
27: getstatic #17 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
30: aload_3
31: aload 4
33: if_acmpne 40
36: iconst_1
37: goto 41
40: iconst_0
41: invokevirtual #23 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Z)V
44: bipush 100
46: invokestatic #7 // Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/Integer;
49: astore 5
51: bipush 100
53: invokestatic #7 // Method java/lang/Integer.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/Integer;
56: astore 6
58: getstatic #17 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
61: aload 5
63: aload 6
65: if_acmpne 72
68: iconst_1
69: goto 73
72: iconst_0
73: invokevirtual #23 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Z)V
76: return
}
2. 结果分析
2.1 装箱与拆箱的底层实现
由反编译的结果可以看出来:
- 装箱: 底层调用的是Integer.valueOf()方法
public static Integer valueOf(int i) { if (i >= IntegerCache.low && i <= IntegerCache.high) return IntegerCache.cache[i + (-IntegerCache.low)]; return new Integer(i); }
- 拆箱: 底层调用的是Integer.intValue()方法
public int intValue() { return value; }
2.2 使用==比较Integer结果为什么会有差异?
从示例代码可以看出:a和b都是200的时候,使用双等号 比较结果是false;而c和d都是1的时候,使用 双等号比较结果是true。
那到底是为什么呢?原因很简单,Integer内部缓存了-128~127之间的Integer对象,当处于这个范围时会直接返回缓存对象;而超过这个范围,是重新创建对象.众所周知,==比较的是内存地址.缓存对象都是同一个,那内存地址自然也是一致的.
以上是结论,那么依据是什么呢?依据就是装箱的代码:
public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
//如下IntegerCache定义:IntegerCache.low=-128,而IntegerCache.high=127
if (i >= IntegerCache.low && i <= IntegerCache.high)
return IntegerCache.cache[i + (-IntegerCache.low)];
return new Integer(i);
}
private static class IntegerCache {
static final int low = -128;
static final int high;
static final Integer cache[];
static {
// high value may be configured by property
int h = 127;
String integerCacheHighPropValue =
sun.misc.VM.getSavedProperty("java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high");
if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null) {
try {
int i = parseInt(integerCacheHighPropValue);
i = Math.max(i, 127);
// Maximum array size is Integer.MAX_VALUE
h = Math.min(i, Integer.MAX_VALUE - (-low) -1);
} catch( NumberFormatException nfe) {
// If the property cannot be parsed into an int, ignore it.
}
}
high = h;
cache = new Integer[(high - low) + 1];
int j = low;
for(int k = 0; k < cache.length; k++)
cache[k] = new Integer(j++);
// range [-128, 127] must be interned (JLS7 5.1.7)
assert IntegerCache.high >= 127;
}
private IntegerCache() {}
}
当装箱时,如果值在-128~127,那么直接返回IntegerCache.cache(i + (-IntegerCache.low))的对象,否则new一个Integer