SpringCloud Study - (五) Hystrix 断路器

目标：

在为服务中经常会因为各种问题，在访问某个服务的时候会产生异常。

步骤：

1.在cousumer1的基础上，给pom文件中增加Hystrix 断路器的支持。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>SpringbootConsumer1</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--hystrix 支持 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2.在启动类上支持断路器hystrix的注解。

@EnableCircuitBreaker

3.编写测试controller ,并在controller 访问异常中让自动回调制定的错误处理方法。

@RestController
public class HelloController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @RequestMapping("/sayHello")
    public String sayHello(){
      // String message = restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:8001/providerHello",String.class).getBody();
        String message = restTemplate.getForEntity("http://provider/providerHello",String.class).getBody();
        return "From Consumer , "+message;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/hystrixTest")
    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "myError" )
    //@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "myError" ,ignoreExceptions = Exception.class)
    //ignoreExceptions 可以忽略异常 直接抛出给用户
    public String hystrixTest(){
        int i =1/0;
        return "hystrixTest";
    }

    public String myError(Throwable throwable){
        System.out.println("Shows fallback Error"+throwable.getLocalizedMessage());
        return "Shows fallback Error"+throwable.getMessage();
    }
}

4. 重新启动consumer1 模块测试。